Reproductive ecology of the Concho water snake, Nerodia harteri paucimaculata

Copeia

Volumn , Issue 3, 1999, Pages 701-709

  Greene, Brian D ^a,b   Dixon, James R ^a   Whiting, Martin J ^a,d   Mueller, James M ^a,c  

^a TEXAS A AND M UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b MISSOURI STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c TEXAS TECH UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d Transvaal Museum   (South Africa)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

LITTER SIZE; MATING BEHAVIOR; REPRODUCTION; SNAKE;

TEXAS; UNITED STATES;

NERODIA HARTERI;

EID: 0033517021     PISSN: 00458511     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/1447602     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. ALDRIDGE, R. D. 1982. The ovarian cycle of the watersnake Nerodia sipedon, and effects of hypophysectomy and gonadotropin administration. Herpetologica 38:71-79.
2. ANDREN, C. 1982. Effect of prey density on reproduction, foraging and other activities in the adder, Vipera berus. Amphib.-Reptilia 3:81-96.
3. _, AND G. NILSON. 1983. Reproductive tactics in an island population of adders, Vipera berus (L.), with a fluctuating food resource. Ibid. 4:63-79.
4. BARRON, J. N. 1997. Condition-adjusted estimator of reproductive output in snakes. Copeia 1997:306-318.
5. BAUMAN, M. A., AND D. E. METTER. 1977. Reproductive cycle of the northern watersnake, Natrix s. sipedon (Reptilia, Serpentes, Colubridae). J. Herpetol. 11:51-59.
6. BETZ, T. W. 1963. The ovarian histology of the diamond-backed water snake, Natrix rhombifera, during the reproductive cycle. J. Morphol. 113:245-260.
7. BLEM, C. R. 1982. Biennial reproduction in snakes: an alternative hypothesis. Copeia 1982:961-963.
8. BRODIE III, E. D., AND P. K. DUCEY. 1989. Allocation of reproductive investment in the Redbelly Snake Storeria occipitomaculata. Am. Midl. Nat. 122:51-58.
9. BROWN, W. S. 1991. Female reproductive ecology in a northern population of the timber rattlesnake, Crotalus horridus. Herpetologica 47:101-115.
10. CARL, G. 1981. Reproduction in the captive Brazos water snake, Nerodia harteri. Tex. J. Sci. 33:77-78.
11. CHARLAND, M. B. 1989. Size and winter survivorship in neonatal western rattlesnakes (Crotalus viridis). Can. J. Zool. 67:1620-1625.
12. CONANT, R. 1942. Notes on the young of three recently described snakes, with comments upon their relationships. Bull. Chicago Acad. Sci. 6:193-200.
13. DUNHAM, A. E., AND D. B. MILES. 1985. Patterns of covariation in life history traits of squamate reptiles: the effects of size and phylogeny reconsidered. Am. Nat. 126:231-257.
14. _, AND D. N. REZNICK. 1988. Life history patterns in squamate reptiles, p. 441-522. In: Biology of the Reptilia. Vol. 16. Ecology B. Defense and life history. C. Gans and R. B. Huey (eds.). Alan R. Liss Inc., New York.
15. EMLEN, J. M. 1984. Population biology: the coevolution of population dynamics and behavior. Macmillan, New York.
16. FARR, D. R., AND P. T. GREGORY. 1991. Sources of variation in estimating litter characteristics of the garter snake, Thamnophis elegans. J. Herpetol. 25:261-268.
17. FARRINGER, R. T., A. A. ECHELLE, AND S. F. LEHTINEN. 1979. Reproductive cycle of the red shiner, Notropis lutrensis, in central Texas and south-central Oklahoma. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 108:271-276.
18. FITCH, H. S. 1970. Reproductive cycles in lizards and snakes. Univ. Kans. Mus. Nat. Hist. Misc. Publ. 52: 1-247.
19. _. 1987. Collecting and life-history techniques, p. 143-164. In: Snakes: ecology and evolutionary biology. R. A. Seigel, J. T. Collins, and S. S. Novak (eds.). Macmillan Publ. Co., New York.
20. FORD, N. B., AND J. R. KARGES. 1987. Reproduction in the checkered garter snake, Thamnophis marcianus, from southern Texas and northeastern Mexico: seasonality and evidence for multiple clutches. Southwest. Nat. 32:93-101.
21. _, AND D. W. KILLEBREW. 1983. Reproductive tactics and female body size in Butler's garter snake, Thamnophis butleri. J. Herpetol. 17:271-275.
22. _, AND R. A. SEIGEL. 1989. Phenotypic plasticity in reproductive traits: evidence from a viviparous snake. Ecology 70:1768-1774.
23. GREENE, B. D. 1993. Life history and ecology of the Concho water snake Nerodia harten paucimaculata. Unpubl. Ph D. diss., Texas A&M Univ., College Station.
24. _, J. R. DIXON, J. M. MUELLER, M. J. WHITING, AND O. W. THORNTON, JR. 1994. Feeding ecology of the Concho water snake, Nerodia harteri paucimaculata. J. Herpetol. 28:165-172.
25. GREGORY, P. T., AND K. W. LARSEN. 1993. Geographic variation in reproductive characteristics among Canadian populations of the common garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis). Copeia 1993:946-958.
26. _, AND D. R. FARR. 1992. Snake litter size = live young + dead young + yolks. Herpetol. J. 2:65-71.
27. HAILEY, A., AND P. M. C. DAVIES. 1987. Maturity, mating and age-specific reproductive effort of the snake Natrix maura. J. Zool. Lond. 211:573-587.
28. MCCALLION, J. 1944. Notes on Natrix harteri in captivity. Copeia 1944:63.
29. MITCHELL, J. C., AND G. R. ZUG. 1984. Spermatogenic cycle of Nerodia taxispilota (Serpentes: Colubridae) in southcentral Virginia. Herpetologica 40:200-204.
30. MUELLER, J. M. 1990. Population dynamics of the Concho water snake. Unpubl. master's thesis, Texas A&M Univ., College Station.
31. PARKER, H. L. 1964. Natural history of Pimephales vigilax (Cyprinidae). Southwest. Nat. 8:228-235.
32. PARKER, W. S., AND M. V. PLUMMER. 1987. Population ecology, p. 253-301. In: Snakes: ecology and evolutionary biology. R. A. Seigel, J. T. Collins, and S. S. Novak (eds.). Macmillan Publ. Co., New York.
33. PLUMMER, M. V. 1992. Relationships among mothers, litters, and neonates in diamondback water snakes (Nerodia rhombifer). Copeia 1992:1096-1098.
34. ROSE, F. L. 1989. Aspects of the biology of the Concho water snake. Tex. J. Sci. 41:115-130.
35. SAINT GIRONS, H. 1982. Reproductive cycles of males snakes and their relationships with climate and female reproductive cycles. Herpetologica 38:5-16.
36. SCOTT, N.J., JR., T.C. MAXWELL, O.W. THORNTON, JR., L.A. FITZGERALD, AND J.W. FLURY. 1989. Distribution, habitat, and future of Harter's water snake, Nerodia harteri, in Texas. J. Herpetol. 23:373-389.
37. SEIGEL, R. A. 1992. Ecology of a specialized predator: Regina grahami in Missouri. Ibid. 26:32-37
38. _, AND H. S. FITCH. 1984. Ecological patterns of relative clutch mass in snakes. Oecologia 61:293-301.
39. _, AND _. 1985. Annual variation in reproduction in snakes in a fluctuating environment. J. Anim. Ecol. 54:497-505.
40. _, AND N. B. FORD. 1987. Reproductive ecology, p. 210-252. In: Snakes: ecology and evolutionary biology. R. A. Seigel, J. T. Collins, and S. S. Novak (eds.). Macmillan Publ. Co., New York.
41. _, H. S. FITCH, AND N. B. FORD. 1986. Variation in relative dutch mass in snakes among and within species. Herpetologica 42:179-185.
42. _, R. K. LORAINE, AND J. W. GIBBONS. 1995. Reproductive cycles and temporal variation in fecundity in the black swamp snake, Seminatrix pygaea. Am. Midl. Nat. 134:371-377.
43. SEMLITSCH, R. D., AND J. W. GIBBONS. 1978. Reproductive allocation in the brown water snake, Natrix taxispilota. Copeia 1978:721-723.
44. SHINE, R. 1977. Reproduction in Australian elapid snakes. II. Female reproductive cycles. Aust. J. Zool. 25:655-666.
45. _. 1980. "Costs" of reproduction in reptiles. Oecologia 46:92-100.
46. _, AND D. CREWS. 1988. Why male garter snakes have small heads:the evolution and endocrine control of sexual dimorphism. Evolution 42: 1105-1110.
47. _, AND L. SCHWARZKOPF. 1992. The evolution of reproductive effort in lizards and snakes. Evolution 46:62-75.
48. SMITH, C. C., AND S. D. FRETWELL. 1974. The optimal balance between size and number of offspring. Am. Nat. 108:499-506.
49. SOKAL, R. R., AND F. J. ROHLF. 1981. Biometry. Freeman, San Fransisco, CA.
50. STEARNS, S. C. 1976. Life-history tactics: a review of the ideas. Q. Rev. Biol. 51:3-47.
51. STEWART, J. R. 1979. The balance between number and size of young in the live bearing lizard Gerrhonolus coeruleus. Herpetologica 35:342-350.
52. TINKLE, D. W., H. M. WILBUR, AND S. G. TILLEY. 1970. Evolutionary strategies in lizard reproduction. Evolution 24:55-74.
53. VOLKL, W. 1989. Prey density and growth: factors limiting the hibernation success of neonate adders (Vipera berus L) (Reptilia: Serpentes, Viperidae). Zool. Anz. 222:75-82.
54. WEIL, M. R., AND R. D. ALDRIDGE. 1981. Seasonal androgenesis in the male water snake, Nerodia sipedon. Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 44:44-53.
55. WHITE, D. R., J. C. MITCHELL, AND W. S. WOOLCOTT. 1982. Reproductive cycle and embryonic development of Nerodia. taxispilota (Serpentes:Colubridae) at the northeastern edge of its range. Copeia 1982: 646-652.
56. WHITING, M. J. 1993. Population ecology of the Concho water snake, Nerodia harteri paucimaculata, in artificial habitats. Unpubl. master's thesis, Texas A&M Univ., College Station.
57. WILLIAMS, N. R. 1969. Population ecology of Natrix harten. Unpubl. master's thesis, Texas Tech Univ., Lubbock.
58. WRIGHT, A. H., AND A. A. WRIGHT. 1957. Handbook of snakes of the United States and Canada. Cornstock Publ. Assoc., Ithaca, NY.