Infant formula with protein-energy ratio of 1.7 g/100 kcal is adequate but may not be safe

Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Volumn 28, Issue 5, 1999, Pages 495-501

  Fomon, Samuel J ^a   Ziegler, Ekhard E ^a   Nelson, Steven E ^a   Rogers, Ronald R ^a   Frantz, Joan A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF IOWA   (United States)

Author keywords

Infant formula; Protein; Protein requirement; Protein energy ratio

Indexed keywords

ALBUMIN; NITROGEN; UREA;

ALBUMIN BLOOD LEVEL; ARTICLE; ARTIFICIAL MILK; BODY MASS; CALORIC INTAKE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; ENERGY RESOURCE; FOOD SAFETY; HUMAN; INFANT FEEDING; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; UREA NITROGEN BLOOD LEVEL; WEIGHT;

BLOOD UREA NITROGEN; BODY HEIGHT; BODY MASS INDEX; DIETARY PROTEINS; ENERGY INTAKE; HUMANS; INFANT; INFANT FOOD; INFANT NUTRITION PHYSIOLOGY; INFANT, NEWBORN; MALE; SERUM ALBUMIN; WEIGHT GAIN;

EID: 0033507896     PISSN: 02772116     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00005176-199905000-00010     Document Type: Article

References (16)

1. Fomon SJ, Ziegler EE, Nelson SE, Frantz JA. What is the safe protein-energy ratio for infant formulas? Am J Clin Nutr 1995;62: 358-63.
2. Food and Nutrition Board. Recommended dietary allowances. 9th ed. Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences, 1980.
3. Fomon SJ, Ziegler EE, Nelson SE, Edwards BB. Requirements for sulfur-containing amino acids in infancy. J Nutr 1986;116:1405-22.
4. Donovan SM, Lönnerdal B. Non-protein nitrogen and true protein in infant formulas. Acta Paediatr Scand 1989;78:497-504.
5. Hambraeus L. Human milk composition. Nutr Abstr Rev 1984;54: 219-36.
6. Nelson SE, Rogers RR, Ziegler EE, Fomon SJ. Gain in weight and length during early infancy. Early Hum Dev 1989;19:223-39.
7. Fomon SJ, Nelson SE. Size and growth. In: Fomon SJ. Nutrition of normal infants. St. Louis: Mosby 1993:36-84.
8. Lehane DP, Levy AL, Erglis AS. Colorimetric quantification of albumin in microliter volumes of serum. Ann Clin Lab Sci 1978; 8:122-6.
9. Fawcett JK, Scott JE. A rapid and precise method for the determination of urea. J Clin Pathol 1960;13:156-9.
10. Anderson GH. Regulation of protein intake by plasma amino acids. In: Draper HH, ed Advances in nutritional research. Vol. 1. New York: Plenum 1977:145-66.
11. Picone TA, Benson JD, Moro G, et al. Growth, serum biochemistries, and amino acids of term infants fed formulas with amino acid and protein concentrations similar to human milk. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1989;9:351-60.
12. Roberts SB, Young VR. Energy costs of fat and protein deposition in the human infant. Am J Clin Nutr 1988;48:951-5.
13. Fomon SJ. Protein. In: Nutrition of normal infants. St. Louis: Mosby, 1993:121-46.
14. Dugdale AE. Evolution and infant feeding. Lancet 1986;1:670-3.
15. Janas LM, Picciano MF, Hatch TF. Indices of protein metabolism in term infants fed either human milk or formulas with reduced protein concentration and various whey/casein ratios. J Pediatr 1987;110:838-48.
16. Räihä N, Minoli I, Moro G. Milk protein intake in the term infant: I. Metabolic responses and effects on growth. Acta Paediatr Scand 1986;75:881-6.