Aggregations of the sandy-beach isopod, Tylos granulatus: Adaptation or incidental-effect?

South African Journal of Zoology

Volumn 34, Issue 4, 1999, Pages 180-189

  Odendaal, F J ^a   Eekhout, S ^a   Brown, A C ^a   Branch, G M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN   (South Africa)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADAPTATION; AGGREGATION; CRUSTACEAN;

ISOPODA;

EID: 0033503427     PISSN: 02541858     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/02541858.1999.11448507     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. ALLEE, W.C. 1926. Studies in animal aggregations: causes and effects of bunching in land isopods. J. exp. Zool. 45: 255-277.
2. ANSELL, A.D., SIVIDAS, P., NARAYANAN, B. & TREVALLION, A. 1972. The ecology of two sandy beaches in South West India. II. Observations on the populations of Donax incarnatus and Donax spiculum. Mar. Biol. 17: 318-322.
3. ATKINSON, W.D. & SHORROCKS, B. 1981. Competition on a divided and ephemeral resource: a simulation model. J Anim. Ecol. 50: 461-471.
4. BROWN, A.C. 1979. The energy cost and efficiency of burrowing in the sandy-beach whelk Bullia digitalis (Dillwyn). J. exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 40: 149-154.
5. BROWN, A.C. 1981. An estimate of the cost of free existence in the sandy-beach whelk Bullia digitalis (Dillwyn) on the west coast of South Africa. J. exp. mar. Biol. Ecol. 49: 51-56.
6. BROWN, A.C. 1982. The biology of sandy-beach whelks of the genus Bullia (Nassariidae). Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Ann. Rev. 20: 309-361.
7. BROWN, A.C. & McLACHLAN, A. 1990. Ecology of sandy shores. Elsevier, Oxford, 328pp.
8. BROWN, A.C. & ODENDAAL, F.J. 1994. The biology of oniscid isopods of the genus Tylos. Adv. Mar. Biol. 30: 89-153.
9. BROWN, A.C. & TRUEMAN, E.R. 1991. Burrowing of sandy-beach molluscs in relation to penetrability of the substratum. J. moll. Stud. 57: 134-136.
10. BROWN, A.C. & TRUEMAN, E.R. 1996. Burrowing behaviour and cost in the sandy-beach oniscid isopod Tylos granulatus Krauss, 1843. Crustaceana 69: 425-437.
11. BROWN, A.C., STENTON-DOZEY, J.M.E. & TRUEMAN, E.R. 1989. Sandy beach bivalves and gastropods: a comparison between Donax serra and Bullia digitalis. Adv. Mar. Biol. 25: 179-247.
12. CRISP, D.J. 1971. Energy flow measurements. In: Methods for the study of marine benthos (IBP Handbook No. 16), (Eds.) N. A. Holme & A.D. McIntyre, Blackwell, Oxford, pp 197-323.
13. CUBIT, J. 1969. The behaviour and physical factors causing migration and aggregation in the sand crab, Emerita analoga (Stimson). Ecology 50: 118-123.
14. DE JONG, G. 1982. The influence of dispersal pattern on the evolution of fecundity. Netherlands J. Zool. 30: 55-62.
15. DILLERY, D.C. & KNAPP, L. 1969. Longshore movements of the sand crab Emerita analoga (Decapoda: Hippidae). Crustaceana 10: 233-240.
16. DUGGINS, D.O. & ECKMAN, J.E. 1994. The role of kelp detritus in the growth of benthic suspension feeders in an understory kelp forest. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 176: 53-68.
17. EDNEY, E.B. 1954. Woodlice and the land habitat. Biol. Rev. 29: 185-219.
18. EHRLICH, P.R. & WHEYE, D. 1986. 'Nonadaptive' hilltopping behavior in male checkerspot butterflies (Euphydryas editha). Am. Nat. 127: 477-483.
19. FRIEDLANDER, C.P. 1965. Aggregation in Oniscus asellus Linn. Anim. Behav. 13: 342-346.
20. GARTHWAITE, R.L. HOCHBERG, F.G. & SASSAMAN, C. 1985. The relationship of sand moisture to burrowing depth of the sand-beach isopod Tylos punctatus Holmes and Gray. Bull. So. Calif. Acad. Sci. 84: 23-37.
21. GIORDANI-SOIKA, A. 1954. Ecologia, sistematica, biogeografia ed evoluzione del Tylos latreillei Auct. (Isop. Tylidae). Boll. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Venezia 7: 63-83.
22. GRIFFITHS, C.L. & GRIFFITHS, R.J. 1982. Biology and distribution of the rove beetle Psammathobledius punctatissima (Le Conte) (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Hydrobiol. 101: 203-214.
23. HAMNER, W., SMYTHE, M. & MULFORD, E.D. 1969. The behavior and life history of a sand-beach isopod, Tylos punctatus. Ecology 50: 442-453.
24. HANSKI, I. 1981. Coexistence of competitors in patchy environments with and without predation. Oikos 37: 306-312.
25. HAYES, W.B. 1970. The accuracy of pitfall trapping for the sand-beach isopod Tylos punctatus. Ecology 51(3): 514-516.
26. HAYES, W.B. 1977. Factors affecting the distribution of Tylos punctatus (Isopoda, Oniscoidea) on beaches in Southern California and Northern Mexico. Pacif. Sci. 31: 165-186.
27. HOLANOV, S.H. & HENDRICKSON, J.R. 1980. The relationship of sand moisture to burrowing depth of the sand-beach isopod Tylos punctatus Holmes and Gray. J. exp. mar. Biol. Ecol. 46: 81-88.
28. IMAFUKU, N. 1976. On the nocturnal behavior of T. granulatus Miers (Crustacea: Isopoda). Publ. Seto. Mar. Biol. Lab. XXIII(3/ 5): 299-340.
29. IVES, A.R. & MAY, R.M. 1985. Competition within and between species in a patchy environment: relations between microscopic and macroscopic models. J. Theor. Biol. 115: 65-92.
30. IVLEV, V.S. 1934. Eine Mikromethode zur Bestimming des Kaloriengehalts von Nahrstoffen. Biochem 275: 49-55.
31. KENSLEY, B. 1972. Behavioural adaptations of the isopod T. granulatus Krauss. Zool. Afr. 7: 1-4.
32. KENSLEY, B. 1974. Aspects of the biology and ecology of the genus Tylos Latreille. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. 65(11): 401-471.
33. LINSENMAIR, K.E. 1984. Comparative studies on the social behaviour of the desert isopod, Hemilepistus reaumuri and of a Porcellio species. Symp. Zool. Soc. Lond. No. 53: 423-453.
34. LLOYD, M. 1967. Mean crowding. J. Anim. Ecol. 36: 1-30.
35. MARSH, B.A. & BRANCH, G.M. 1979. Circadian and circatidal rhythms of oxygen consumption in the sandy-beach isopod T. granulatus Krauss. J. exp. mar. Biol. Ecol. 37: 77-89.
36. McLACHLAN, A. & HESP, P. 1984. Faunal response to morphology and water circulation of a sandy beach with cusps. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 19: 133-144.
37. MENZIES, R.J. 1952. The occurrence of a terrestrial isopod in plankton. Ecology 33: 303.
38. MORRIS, W.F., WISER, S.D. & KLEPETKA, B. 1992. Causes and consequences of spatial aggregation in the phytophagous beetle Altica tombacina. J. Anim. Ecol. 61: 49-58.
39. ODENDAAL, F.J., TURCHIN, P. & STERMITZ, F.R. 1988. An incidental-effect hypothesis explaining aggregation of males in a population of Euphydryas anicia. Am. Nat. 132(5): 735-749.
40. PERRY, D.M. 1980. Factors influencing aggregation patterns in the sand crab Emerita analoga (Crustacea: Hippidae). Oecologia 45: 379-384.
41. REED, W.J. 1983. Confidence estimation of ecological aggregation indices based on counts - a robust procedure. Biometrics 39: 987-998.
42. TAKEDA, N. 1980. The aggregation pheromone of some terrestrial isopod crustaceans. Experientia 36: 1296-1297.
43. TAKEDA, N. 1984. The aggregation phenomenon in terrestrial isopods. Symp. Zool. Soc. Lond. No. 53: 381-404.
44. TRUEMAN, E.R. 1970. The mechanism of burrowing of the mole crab, Emerita. J. exp. Biol. 53: 701-710.
45. TURCHIN, P. 1989. Population consequences of aggregative movement. J. Anim. Ecol. 58: 75-100.
46. VANNINI, M. 1980. Notes on the behaviour of Ocypode ryderi (Crustacea, Brachyura). Mar. Behav. Physiol. 7: 171-184.
47. YUASA, Y. 1973. Beach cleaner, T. granulatus. Yama no Ue no Sakanatachi, Himeji City Aquarium, no. 12. [In Japanese.]
48. nd ed). Prentice-Hall, Inc, New Jersey.