메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 25, Issue 4, 1999, Pages 534-556

The time of origin of whales and the role of behavioral changes in the terrestrial-aquatic transition

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADAPTIVE RADIATION; AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT; PHYLOGENY; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEM;

EID: 0033493810     PISSN: 00948373     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0094837300020376     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (54)

References (79)
  • 1
    • 0032416475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new Eocene archaeocete (Mammalia, Cetacea) from India and the time of origin of whales
    • Bajpai, S., and P. D. Gingerich. 1998. A new Eocene archaeocete (Mammalia, Cetacea) from India and the time of origin of whales. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 95:15464-15468.
    • (1998) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA , vol.95 , pp. 15464-15468
    • Bajpai, S.1    Gingerich, P.D.2
  • 2
    • 0000301986 scopus 로고
    • Whales, dolphins and porpoises: Origin and evolution of the Cetacea
    • P. D. Gingerich and C. E. Badgely, eds. Department of Geological Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville
    • Barnes, L. G. 1984. Whales, dolphins and porpoises: origin and evolution of the Cetacea. In P. D. Gingerich and C. E. Badgely, eds. Mammals: notes for a short course. Studies in Geology 8(1-4):139-154. Department of Geological Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville.
    • (1984) Mammals: Notes for a Short Course. Studies in Geology , vol.8 , Issue.1-4 , pp. 139-154
    • Barnes, L.G.1
  • 3
    • 0030425459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testing the quality of the fossil record by groups and by major habitats
    • Benton, M. J., and R. Hitchin. 1996. Testing the quality of the fossil record by groups and by major habitats. Historical Biology 12:111-157.
    • (1996) Historical Biology , vol.12 , pp. 111-157
    • Benton, M.J.1    Hitchin, R.2
  • 4
    • 0028091225 scopus 로고
    • What is a whale?
    • Berta, A. 1994. What is a whale? Science 263:180-181.
    • (1994) Science , vol.263 , pp. 180-181
    • Berta, A.1
  • 6
    • 0001182530 scopus 로고
    • The petrosal structure of Hyopsodus with respect to that of some other ungulates, and its phylogenetic implications
    • Cifelli, R. L. 1982. The petrosal structure of Hyopsodus with respect to that of some other ungulates, and its phylogenetic implications. Journal of Paleontology 56:795-805.
    • (1982) Journal of Paleontology , vol.56 , pp. 795-805
    • Cifelli, R.L.1
  • 7
    • 0030772603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparing the fit of stratigraphic and morphologic data in phylogenetic analysis
    • Clyde, W. C., and D. C. Fisher. 1997. Comparing the fit of stratigraphic and morphologic data in phylogenetic analysis. Paleobiology 23:1-19.
    • (1997) Paleobiology , vol.23 , pp. 1-19
    • Clyde, W.C.1    Fisher, D.C.2
  • 8
    • 0027141622 scopus 로고
    • The origin of mosasaurs as a model of macroevolutionary patterns and processes
    • DeBraga, M., and R. L. Carroll. 1993. The origin of mosasaurs as a model of macroevolutionary patterns and processes. Evolutionary Biology 27:245-322.
    • (1993) Evolutionary Biology , vol.27 , pp. 245-322
    • DeBraga, M.1    Carroll, R.L.2
  • 10
    • 0033605215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolutionary and preservation constraints on origins of biologic groups: Divergence times of eutherian mammals
    • Foote, M., J. P. Hunter, C. M. Janis, and J. J. Sepkoski Jr. 1999. Evolutionary and preservation constraints on origins of biologic groups: divergence times of eutherian mammals. Science 283:1310-1314.
    • (1999) Science , vol.283 , pp. 1310-1314
    • Foote, M.1    Hunter, J.P.2    Janis, C.M.3    Sepkoski J.J., Jr.4
  • 11
    • 0030989922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • More DNA support for a Cetacea / Hippopotamidae clade: The blood-clotting protein gene γ-fibrinogen
    • Gatesy, J. 1997. More DNA support for a Cetacea / Hippopotamidae clade: the blood-clotting protein gene γ-fibrinogen. Molecular Biology and Evolution 14:537-543.
    • (1997) Molecular Biology and Evolution , vol.14 , pp. 537-543
    • Gatesy, J.1
  • 13
    • 0029817951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence from milk casein genes that cetaceans are close relatives of hippopotamid artiodactyls
    • Gatesy, J., C. Hayashi, M. A. Cronin, and P. Arctander. 1996. Evidence from milk casein genes that cetaceans are close relatives of hippopotamid artiodactyls. Molecular Biology and Evolution 13:954-963.
    • (1996) Molecular Biology and Evolution , vol.13 , pp. 954-963
    • Gatesy, J.1    Hayashi, C.2    Cronin, M.A.3    Arctander, P.4
  • 14
    • 0024258114 scopus 로고
    • Amniote phylogeny and the importance of fossils
    • Gauthier, J., A. G. Kluge, and T. Rowe. 1988. Amniote phylogeny and the importance of fossils. Cladistics 4:105-209.
    • (1988) Cladistics , vol.4 , pp. 105-209
    • Gauthier, J.1    Kluge, A.G.2    Rowe, T.3
  • 15
    • 0030428078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The petrosal and inner ear of Herpetocetus sp. (Mammalia, Cetacea) and their implications for the phylogeny and hearing of archaic mysticetes
    • Geisler, J. H., and Z. Luo. 1996. The petrosal and inner ear of Herpetocetus sp. (Mammalia, Cetacea) and their implications for the phylogeny and hearing of archaic mysticetes. Journal of Paleontology 70:1045-1066.
    • (1996) Journal of Paleontology , vol.70 , pp. 1045-1066
    • Geisler, J.H.1    Luo, Z.2
  • 17
    • 0003231151 scopus 로고
    • The phylogeny of the Artiodactyla
    • M. J. Benton, ed.
    • Gentry, A. W., and J. J. Hooker. 1988. The phylogeny of the Artiodactyla. In M. J. Benton, ed. The phylogeny and classification of the tetrapods, Vol. 2. Mammals. Systematics Association Special Volume 35B:235-272. Clarendon, Oxford.
    • (1988) The Phylogeny and Classification of the Tetrapods , vol.35 B
    • Gentry, A.W.1    Hooker, J.J.2
  • 18
    • 85038046101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mammals
    • Clarendon, Oxford
    • Gentry, A. W., and J. J. Hooker. 1988. The phylogeny of the Artiodactyla. In M. J. Benton, ed. The phylogeny and classification of the tetrapods, Vol. 2. Mammals. Systematics Association Special Volume 35B:235-272. Clarendon, Oxford.
    • Systematics Association Special Volume 35B , vol.35 B , pp. 235-272
  • 19
    • 54749134306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Likelihood estimation of the time of origin of Cetacea and the time of divergence of Cetacea and Artiodactyla
    • Gingerich, P. D., and M. D. Uhen. 1998. Likelihood estimation of the time of origin of Cetacea and the time of divergence of Cetacea and Artiodactyla. Palaeontologia Electronica 1:1-28 [http://www-odp.tamu.edu/paleo/1998_2/ging_uhen/issue2.htm].
    • (1998) Palaeontologia Electronica , vol.1 , pp. 1-28
    • Gingerich, P.D.1    Uhen, M.D.2
  • 20
    • 0025297598 scopus 로고
    • Hind limbs of Eocene Basilosaurus: Evidence of feet in whales
    • Gingerich, P. D., B. H. Smith, and E. L. Simons. 1990. Hind limbs of Eocene Basilosaurus: evidence of feet in whales. Science 249: 154-157.
    • (1990) Science , vol.249 , pp. 154-157
    • Gingerich, P.D.1    Smith, B.H.2    Simons, E.L.3
  • 21
    • 0000151293 scopus 로고
    • New archaeocetes (Mammalia, Cetacea) from the middle Eocene Domanda Formation of the Sulaiman Range; Punjab (Pakistan)
    • University of Michigan
    • Gingerich, P. D., M. Arif, and W. C. Clyde. 1995. New archaeocetes (Mammalia, Cetacea) from the middle Eocene Domanda Formation of the Sulaiman Range; Punjab (Pakistan). Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan 29:291-230.
    • (1995) Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology , vol.29 , pp. 291-1230
    • Gingerich, P.D.1    Arif, M.2    Clyde, W.C.3
  • 22
    • 0030867377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Congruence between parsimony and stratigraphy: Comparisons of three indices
    • Hitchin, R., and M. J. Benton. 1997a. Congruence between parsimony and stratigraphy: comparisons of three indices. Paleobiology 23:20-32.
    • (1997) Paleobiology , vol.23 , pp. 20-32
    • Hitchin, R.1    Benton, M.J.2
  • 23
    • 0031527280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stratigraphic indices and tree balance
    • _. 1997b. Stratigraphic indices and tree balance. Systematic Biology 46:563-569.
    • (1997) Systematic Biology , vol.46 , pp. 563-569
  • 24
    • 0028575143 scopus 로고
    • Comparing the stratigraphic record to estimates of phylogeny
    • Huelsenbeck, J. P. 1994. Comparing the stratigraphic record to estimates of phylogeny. Paleobiology 20:470-483.
    • (1994) Paleobiology , vol.20 , pp. 470-483
    • Huelsenbeck, J.P.1
  • 25
    • 0032580152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A molecular timescale for vertebrate evolution
    • Kumar, S., and B. Hedges. 1998. A molecular timescale for vertebrate evolution. Nature 392:917-920.
    • (1998) Nature , vol.392 , pp. 917-920
    • Kumar, S.1    Hedges, B.2
  • 27
    • 0030313198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogenies and comparative biology, stage II: Testing causal hypotheses derived from phylogenies with data from extant taxa
    • Losos, J. B. 1996. Phylogenies and comparative biology, stage II: testing causal hypotheses derived from phylogenies with data from extant taxa. Systematic Biology 45:259-260.
    • (1996) Systematic Biology , vol.45 , pp. 259-260
    • Losos, J.B.1
  • 28
    • 54649083975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetic relationships between the orders Artiodactyla and Cetacea: A combined assessment of morphological and molecular evidence
    • Luckett, W. P., and N. Hong. 1998. Phylogenetic relationships between the orders Artiodactyla and Cetacea: a combined assessment of morphological and molecular evidence. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 5:127-182.
    • (1998) Journal of Mammalian Evolution , vol.5 , pp. 127-182
    • Luckett, W.P.1    Hong, N.2
  • 30
    • 0030160550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Petrosal (periotic) and inner ear of a Pliocene kogiine whale (Kogiinae, Odontoceti): Implications on relationships and hearing evolution of toothed whales
    • Luo, Z., and K. Marsh. 1996. Petrosal (periotic) and inner ear of a Pliocene kogiine whale (Kogiinae, Odontoceti): implications on relationships and hearing evolution of toothed whales. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 16:328-348.
    • (1996) Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , vol.16 , pp. 328-348
    • Luo, Z.1    Marsh, K.2
  • 31
    • 0027458169 scopus 로고
    • Inferring locomotor behavior in Paleogene mammals via eigenshape analysis
    • MacLeod, N., and K. D. Rose. 1993. Inferring locomotor behavior in Paleogene mammals via eigenshape analysis. American Journal of Science 293-A:300-355.
    • (1993) American Journal of Science , vol.293 A , pp. 300-355
    • MacLeod, N.1    Rose, K.D.2
  • 32
    • 0002369306 scopus 로고
    • Auditory regions of primates and eutherian insectivores: Morphology, ontogeny, and character analysis
    • MacPhee, R. D. E. 1981. Auditory regions of primates and eutherian insectivores: morphology, ontogeny, and character analysis. Contributions to Primatology 18:1-282.
    • (1981) Contributions to Primatology , vol.18 , pp. 1-282
    • MacPhee, R.D.E.1
  • 33
    • 0001814243 scopus 로고
    • Morphology, adaptations, and relationships of Plesiorycteropus, and a diagnosis of a new order of eutherian mammals
    • _. 1994. Morphology, adaptations, and relationships of Plesiorycteropus, and a diagnosis of a new order of eutherian mammals. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 220:1-214.
    • (1994) Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History , vol.220 , pp. 1-214
  • 36
    • 0032023879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morphology, molecules, and the phylogenetics of cetaceans
    • Messenger, S. L., and J. A. McGuire. 1998. Morphology, molecules, and the phylogenetics of cetaceans. Systematic Biology 47:90-124.
    • (1998) Systematic Biology , vol.47 , pp. 90-124
    • Messenger, S.L.1    McGuire, J.A.2
  • 38
    • 0002618993 scopus 로고
    • Taxic origin and temporal diversity: The effect of phylogeny
    • M. J. Novacek and Q. D. Wheeler, eds. Columbia University Press, New York
    • Norell, M. A. 1992. Taxic origin and temporal diversity: the effect of phylogeny. Pp. 89-118 in M. J. Novacek and Q. D. Wheeler, eds. Extinction and phylogeny. Columbia University Press, New York.
    • (1992) Extinction and Phylogeny , pp. 89-118
    • Norell, M.A.1
  • 39
    • 0026460854 scopus 로고
    • The fossil record and evolution: Comparing cladistic and paleontologic evidence for vertebrate history
    • Norell, M. A., and M. J. Novacek. 1992. The fossil record and evolution: comparing cladistic and paleontologic evidence for vertebrate history. Science 255:1690-1693.
    • (1992) Science , vol.255 , pp. 1690-1693
    • Norell, M.A.1    Novacek, M.J.2
  • 40
    • 84981386043 scopus 로고
    • Aspects of the problem of variation, origin and evolution of the eutherian bulla
    • Novacek, M. J. 1977. Aspects of the problem of variation, origin and evolution of the eutherian bulla. Mammal Review 7:131-149.
    • (1977) Mammal Review , vol.7 , pp. 131-149
    • Novacek, M.J.1
  • 41
    • 0002761398 scopus 로고
    • The skull of leptictid insectivorans and the higher-level classification of eutherian mammals
    • _. 1986. The skull of leptictid insectivorans and the higher-level classification of eutherian mammals. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 183:1-111.
    • (1986) Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History , vol.183 , pp. 1-111
  • 42
    • 11944252893 scopus 로고
    • Fossils, topologies, missing data, and the higher level phylogeny of eutherian mammals
    • _. 1992. Fossils, topologies, missing data, and the higher level phylogeny of eutherian mammals. Systematic Biology 41:58-73.
    • (1992) Systematic Biology , vol.41 , pp. 58-73
  • 43
    • 0002802372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghost lineages, phylogeny, and ranges of selected vertebrate lineages across the K/T boundary
    • Novacek, M. J., K. Gao, M. A. Norell, and G. A. Rougier. 1998. Ghost lineages, phylogeny, and ranges of selected vertebrate lineages across the K/T boundary. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 18(Suppl. to No. 3):67A.
    • (1998) Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , vol.18 , Issue.SUPPL. TO NO. 3
    • Novacek, M.J.1    Gao, K.2    Norell, M.A.3    Rougier, G.A.4
  • 45
    • 0342942359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Whale origins
    • _. 1999a. Whale origins. Science. 283:1641-1642.
    • (1999) Science , vol.283 , pp. 1641-1642
  • 46
    • 0032801377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parsimony analysis of total evidence from extinct and extant taxa, and the cetacean-artiodactyl question (Mammalia, Ungulata)
    • _. 1999b. Parsimony analysis of total evidence from extinct and extant taxa, and the cetacean-artiodactyl question (Mammalia, Ungulata). Cladistics 15:315-330.
    • (1999) Cladistics , vol.15 , pp. 315-330
  • 47
    • 0033183696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The position of Cetacea within Mammalia: Phylogenetic analysis of morphological data from extinct and extant taxa
    • O'Leary, M. A., and J. H. Geisler. 1999. The position of Cetacea within Mammalia: Phylogenetic analysis of morphological data from extinct and extant taxa. Systematic Biology 48:455-490.
    • (1999) Systematic Biology , vol.48 , pp. 455-490
    • O'Leary, M.A.1    Geisler, J.H.2
  • 48
    • 0000037221 scopus 로고
    • Postcranial skeleton of the early Eocene mesonychid Pachyaena (Mammalia: Mesonychia)
    • O'Leary, M. A., and K. D. Rose. 1995. Postcranial skeleton of the early Eocene mesonychid Pachyaena (Mammalia: Mesonychia). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 15:401-430.
    • (1995) Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , vol.15 , pp. 401-430
    • O'Leary, M.A.1    Rose, K.D.2
  • 50
    • 85038041766 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mammals
    • Clarendon, Oxford
    • Prothero, D. R., E. M. Manning, and M. Fischer. 1988. The phylogeny of the ungulates. In M. J. Benton, ed. The phylogeny and classification of the tetrapods, Vol. 2. Mammals. Systematics Association Special Volume 35B:201-234. Clarendon, Oxford.
    • Systematics Association Special Volume 35B , vol.35 B , pp. 201-234
  • 51
    • 0000459582 scopus 로고
    • Locating the vertices of a steiner tree in arbitrary space
    • Sankoff, D., and P. Rousseau. 1975. Locating the vertices of a Steiner tree in arbitrary space. Mathematical Progress 9:240-246.
    • (1975) Mathematical Progress , vol.9 , pp. 240-246
    • Sankoff, D.1    Rousseau, P.2
  • 52
    • 0037802229 scopus 로고
    • The origin of a mammalian ordinal character
    • Schaeffer, B. 1947. The origin of a mammalian ordinal character. Evolution 2:164-175.
    • (1947) Evolution , vol.2 , pp. 164-175
    • Schaeffer, B.1
  • 54
    • 0022502997 scopus 로고
    • Mammalian phylogeny: Comparison of morphological and molecular results
    • Shoshani, J. 1986. Mammalian phylogeny: comparison of morphological and molecular results. Molecular Biology and Evolution 3:222-242.
    • (1986) Molecular Biology and Evolution , vol.3 , pp. 222-242
    • Shoshani, J.1
  • 55
    • 0030336625 scopus 로고
    • Stratigraphic consistency and the shape of things
    • Siddall, M. E. 1995. Stratigraphic consistency and the shape of things. Systematic Biology 45:111-115.
    • (1995) Systematic Biology , vol.45 , pp. 111-115
    • Siddall, M.E.1
  • 56
    • 0006432101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stratigraphic indices in the balance: A reply to Hitchin and Benton
    • _. 1997. Stratigraphic indices in the balance: a reply to Hitchin and Benton. Systematic Biology 46:569-573.
    • (1997) Systematic Biology , vol.46 , pp. 569-573
  • 57
    • 0031788712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stratigraphic fit to phylogenies: A proposed solution
    • _. 1998. Stratigraphic fit to phylogenies: a proposed solution. Cladistics 14:201-208.
    • (1998) Cladistics , vol.14 , pp. 201-208
  • 58
    • 0002482166 scopus 로고
    • Die Cetaceen vergleichend-anatomisch und systematisch
    • Slijper, E. J. 1936. Die Cetaceen vergleichend-anatomisch und systematisch. Capita zoologica 7:1-590.
    • (1936) Capita Zoologica , vol.7 , pp. 1-590
    • Slijper, E.J.1
  • 61
    • 0000731302 scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetic aspects of cetacean origins: A morphological perspective
    • Thewissen, J. G. M. 1994. Phylogenetic aspects of cetacean origins: a morphological perspective. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 2:157-184.
    • (1994) Journal of Mammalian Evolution , vol.2 , pp. 157-184
    • Thewissen, J.G.M.1
  • 63
    • 0001428406 scopus 로고
    • The role of phenacodontids in the origin of the modern orders of ungulate mammals
    • Thewissen, J. G. M., and D. P. Domning. 1992. The role of phenacodontids in the origin of the modern orders of ungulate mammals. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 12:494-504.
    • (1992) Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , vol.12 , pp. 494-504
    • Thewissen, J.G.M.1    Domning, D.P.2
  • 64
    • 0031415956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Locomotor evolution in the earliest cetaceans: Functional model, modern analogues, and paleontological evidence
    • Thewissen, J. G. M., and F. E. Fish. 1997. Locomotor evolution in the earliest cetaceans: functional model, modern analogues, and paleontological evidence. Paleobiology 23:482-490.
    • (1997) Paleobiology , vol.23 , pp. 482-490
    • Thewissen, J.G.M.1    Fish, F.E.2
  • 65
    • 0027341212 scopus 로고
    • Origin of underwater hearing in whales
    • Thewissen, J. G. M., and S. T. Hussain. 1993. Origin of underwater hearing in whales. Nature 361:444-445.
    • (1993) Nature , vol.361 , pp. 444-445
    • Thewissen, J.G.M.1    Hussain, S.T.2
  • 66
    • 0000404537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic review of the Pakicetidae, early and middle Eocene Cetacea (Mammalia) from Pakistan and India
    • _. 1998. Systematic review of the Pakicetidae, early and middle Eocene Cetacea (Mammalia) from Pakistan and India. Bulletin of the Carnegie Museum of Natural History 34:220-238.
    • (1998) Bulletin of the Carnegie Museum of Natural History , vol.34 , pp. 220-238
  • 67
    • 0028182149 scopus 로고
    • Fossil evidence for the origin of aquatic locomotion in archaeocete whales
    • Thewissen, J. G. M., S. T. Hussain, and M. Arif. 1994. Fossil evidence for the origin of aquatic locomotion in archaeocete whales. Science 263:210-212.
    • (1994) Science , vol.263 , pp. 210-212
    • Thewissen, J.G.M.1    Hussain, S.T.2    Arif, M.3
  • 71
    • 85038042188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • North American Protocetidae (Cetacea, Archaeoceti)
    • -. 1998b. North American Protocetidae (Cetacea, Archaeoceti). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 18(Suppl. to No. 3): 83A.
    • (1998) Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , vol.18 , Issue.SUPPL. TO NO. 3
  • 72
    • 0028793062 scopus 로고
    • Stratigraphic tests of cladistic hypotheses
    • Wagner, P. J. 1995. Stratigraphic tests of cladistic hypotheses. Paleobiology. 21:153-178.
    • (1995) Paleobiology , vol.21 , pp. 153-178
    • Wagner, P.J.1
  • 73
    • 0000130072 scopus 로고
    • Phylogeny of hornless ruminants and a description of the cranium of Archaeomeryx
    • Webb, S. B., and B. E. Taylor. 1980. Phylogeny of hornless ruminants and a description of the cranium of Archaeomeryx. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 167:1-157.
    • (1980) Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History , vol.167 , pp. 1-157
    • Webb, S.B.1    Taylor, B.E.2
  • 74
    • 0000159936 scopus 로고
    • The eutherian stapedial artery: Character analysis and implications for superordinal relationships
    • Wible, J. R. 1987. The eutherian stapedial artery: character analysis and implications for superordinal relationships. Zoological Journal of the Linnaean Society 91:107-135.
    • (1987) Zoological Journal of the Linnaean Society , vol.91 , pp. 107-135
    • Wible, J.R.1
  • 75
    • 0000275167 scopus 로고
    • Petrosals of Late Cretaceous marsupials from North America, and a cladistic analysis of the petrosal in therian mammals
    • _. 1990. Petrosals of Late Cretaceous marsupials from North America, and a cladistic analysis of the petrosal in therian mammals. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 10:183-205.
    • (1990) Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , vol.10 , pp. 183-205
  • 77
    • 0002512690 scopus 로고
    • The Extant Phylogenetic Bracket and the importance of reconstructing soft tissues in fossils
    • J. J. Thomason, ed. Cambridge University Press, New York
    • Witmer, L. M. 1995. The Extant Phylogenetic Bracket and the importance of reconstructing soft tissues in fossils. Pp. 19-33 in J. J. Thomason, ed. Functional morphology in vertebrate paleontology. Cambridge University Press, New York.
    • (1995) Functional Morphology in Vertebrate Paleontology , pp. 19-33
    • Witmer, L.M.1
  • 79
    • 0000112826 scopus 로고
    • Skull of a new mesonychid (Mammalia, Mesonychia) from the late Paleocene of China
    • Zhou, X., R. Zhai, P. D. Gingerich, and L. Chen. 1995. Skull of a new mesonychid (Mammalia, Mesonychia) from the late Paleocene of China. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 15:387-400.
    • (1995) Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology , vol.15 , pp. 387-400
    • Zhou, X.1    Zhai, R.2    Gingerich, P.D.3    Chen, L.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.