The significance of surround conditions for roadway signs

Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Society

Volumn 28, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 164-173

  Goodspeed, Charles H ^a   Rea, Mark S ^a  

^a RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HUMAN REACTION TIME; ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; ROAD AND STREET MARKINGS; TRAFFIC SIGNS;

ROADWAY SIGNS; SURROUND CONDITIONS; TRAFFIC SIGN VISIBILITY;

VISIBILITY;

EID: 0033481172     PISSN: 00994480     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/00994480.1999.10748263     Document Type: Article

References (16)

1. LythgoeR.J. 1932. The measurement of visual acuity. Medical Research Council Report No. 173. London:HMSO.
2. ReaM.S. and OuelletteM.J. 1991. Relative visual performance:A basis for application. Light Res Tech 23(no. 3):135–144.
3. McCannJ.J. and HallJ.A. 1980. Effect of average-luminance surrounds of the visibility of sine wave gratings. J Opt Soc Am 70:212–219.
4. ReaM.S., OulletteM.J., TillerD.K. 1990. The effects of luminous surroundings on visual performance, pupil size, and human preference. J of the IES 19(no. 2):45–58.
5. MaceD.J., KingR.B., and DauberG.W. 1985. Sign Luminance Requirements for Various Background Complexities, (FHWA-RD-85–056). Washington:U.S. Department of Transportation.
6. InglingC.R. and MartinezE. 1983. Tonic-phasic-channel dichotomy and Crozier's Law. J Opt Soc Am 73(no. 2):183–189.
7. InglingC.R. 1977. The spectral sensitivity of the opponent-color channels. Vis Res 9:965–979.
8. KaplanE. and ShapelyR. 1986. The primate retina contains two types of ganglion cells, with high and low contrast sensitivity. Proc Natl Acad Sci 83:2755–2757.
9. ReaM.S. 1989. Visibility criteria and application techniques for roadway lighting. Trans Res Rec 1247:12–16.
10. HofstetterH.W. 1981. New standard procedures for measuring visual acuity. J Am Optom Assoc 52(no. 4):321–327.
11. PaniatiJ. and MaceD. 1993. Minimum Retroreflectivity Requirements for Traffic Signs. (FHWA Report FHWA-RD-93–077). Washington:Department of Transportation.
12. McGuiganF.J. 1993. Experimental Psychology:Methods of Research (6th edition). New York:Prentice Hall.
13. Commission Internationale de L'Éclairage. 1981. An analytic model for describing the influence of lighting parameters upon visual performance (CIE 19/2). Paris:CIE.
14. ReaM.S. 1981. Visual performance with realistic methods of changing contrast. J of the IES 10(no. 3):164–177.
15. ReaM.S. 1986. Toward a model of visual performance:Foundations and data. J of the IES 15(no. 2):41–57.
16. MyersJ.L. 1972. Fundamentals of Experimental Design (2nd edition). Boston:Allyn and Bacon, Inc.