No way out for the beast? The unsolved legitimacy problem of european governance

Journal of European Public Policy

Volumn 6, Issue 2, 1999, Pages 249-268

  Horeth, Marcus ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF FREIBURG   (Germany)

Author keywords

Constitutional choices; Democracy; Governance; Institutional reform; Legitimacy; Zero sum game

Indexed keywords

EID: 0033464920     PISSN: 13501763     EISSN: 14664429     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/135017699343702     Document Type: Article

References (66)

1. Andersen, Svein S. and Eliassen, Kjell. A. (1996): ‘EU lobbying: between representativity and effectiveness’, in Svein S. Andersen and Kjell A. Eliassen (eds), The European Union: How Democratic Is It?, London: Sage, pp. 41–55.
2. Bellamy, Richard and Castiglione, Dario (1998) ‘The normative challenge of a European polity: cosmopolitan and communitarian models compared, criticised and combined’, in Andreas Follesdal and Peter Koslowski (eds), Democracy and the European Union, Berlin and Heidelberg: Springer, pp. 254–84.
3. Bogdandy, Armin von (1993) ‘Supranationale Union als neuer Herrschaftstypus: Entstaatlichung und Vergemeinschaftung in staatstheoretischer Perspektive’, Integration 16: 210–24.
4. Boyce, Brigitte (1993) ‘The democratic deficit of the European Community’, Parliamentary Affairs 46: 458–78.
5. Bulmer, Simon (1994) ‘The governance of the European Union. A new institutionalist approach’, Journal of Public Policy 4: 351–80.
6. Bundesverfassungsgericht (1994) ‘Urteil zum Maastricht-Vertrag’, Entscheidungen des Bundesverfassungsgerichts 89: 155–213.
7. Craig, P.P. (1997) ‘Democracy and rule-making within the EC: an empirical and normative assessment’, European Law Journal 3: 105–30.
8. Dahl, Robert A. (1994) ‘A democratic dilemma: system effectiveness versus citizen participation’, Political Science Quarterly 109: 23-34.
9. Dahl, Robert A. and Tufte, Edward R. (1973) Size and Democracy, Stanford: Stanford University Press.
10. Dehousse, Renaud (1995) ‘Institutional reform in the European Community: are there alternatives to the majoritarian avenue?’, European University Institute Working Paper RSC 95/4, Florence.
11. Dehousse, Renaud (1998) ‘European institutional architecture after Amsterdam: parliamentary system or regulatory structure?’, European University Institute Working Paper RSC 98/11, Florence.
12. Gustavsson, Sverker (1998) ‘Double asymmetry as normative challenge’, in Andreas Follesdal and Peter Koslowski (eds), Democracy and the European Union, Berlin and Heidelberg: Springer, pp. 108–31.
13. Haas, Ernst B. (1958) The Uniting of Europe, Stanford: Stevens.
14. Habermas, Jürgen (1998) ‘Jenseits des Nationalstaats? Bemerkungen zu Folgeproblemen der wirtschaftlichen Globalisierung’, in Ulrich Beck (ed.), Politik der Globalisierung, Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, pp. 67–84.
15. Hallstein, Walter (1972) Europe in the Making, London: Allen & Unwin.
16. Hermann, F. (1994) Second Report of the Institutional Committee on the Constitution of the European Union, 2 February, EP-Doc. A 3-0064/94.
17. Hix, Simon (1995) ‘Parties at the European level and the legitimacy of EU socio-economic policy’, Journal of Common Market Studies 33: 527–54.
18. Höreth, Marcus (1998) ‘Warum sich das Vereinte Europa mit der Demokratie schwer tut’, Internationale Politik und Gesellschaft 1, S. 78–96.
19. Höreth, Marcus (1999, forthcoming) Die Europäische Union im Legitimationstrilemma. Zur Rechtfertigung des Regierens jenseits der Staatlichkeit (Schriften des Zentrum für Europäische Integrationsforschung, Vol. 10), Baden-Baden: Nomos Verlag.
20. Hrbek, Rudolf (1995) ‘Federal balance and the problem of democratic legitimacy in the European Union’, Aussenwirtschaft 50: 43–66.
21. Ipsen, Hans Peter (1972) Europäisches Gemeinschaftsrecht, Tübingen: Mohr.
22. Jachtenfuchs, Markus (1998) ‘Democracy and governance in the European Union’, in Andreas Follesdal and Peter Koslowski (eds), Democracy and the European Union, Berlin and Heidelberg: Springer, pp. 37–64.
23. Joerges, Christian and Neyer, Jürgen (1997) ‘Transforming strategic interaction into deliberative problem-solving: European comitology in the foodstuffs sector’, Journal of European Public Policy 4: 609–25.
24. Kielmansegg, Peter Graf (1996) ‘Integration und Demokratie’, in Markus Jachtenfuchs and Beate Kohler-Koch (eds), Europäische Integration, Opladen: Leske & Budrich, pp. 47–71.
25. Laffan, Brigid (1996) ‘The politics of identity and political order in Europe’, Journal of Common Market Studies 34: 81–102.
26. Lepsius, Rainer M. (1991) ‘Nationalstaat oder Nationalitätenstaat als Modell für die Weiterentwicklung der Europäischen Gemeinschaft’, in Rudolf Wildenmann (ed.), Staatswerdung Europas? Optionen für eine Europäische Union, Baden-Baden: Nomos Verlag, pp. 19–40.
27. Majone, Giandomenico (1994) ‘Independence vs. accountability? Non-majoritarian institutions and democratic government in Europe’, European University Institute Working Paper SPS No. 93/4, Florence.
28. Majone, Giandomenico (1996) Regulating Europe, London and New York: Routledge. Mancini, G. Federico (1998) ‘Europe: the case for statehood’, European Law Journal 4: 29–42.
29. Marks, Gary (1993) ‘Structural policy and multilevel governance in the EC’, in Alan W. Cafruny and Glenda G. Rosenthal (eds), The State of the European Community, Vol. 2, Boulder, CO: Rienner, pp. 391–411.
30. Matláry, Janne Haaland (1995) ‘New forms of governance in Europe? The decline of the state as the source of political legitimation’, Cooperation and Conflict 30: 99–123.
31. Matláry, Janne Haaland (1998) ‘Democratic legitimacy and the role of the Commission’, in Andreas Follesdal and Peter Koslowski (eds), Democracy and the European Union, Berlin and Heidelberg: Springer, pp. 65-80.
32. Merkel, Wolfgang (1993) Integration and Democracy in the European Community. The Contours of a Dilemma, Madrid: Instituto Juan March de Estudios e Investigaciones, Estudio 42/1993.
33. Merkel, Wolfgang (1996) ‘Das Demokratie-Effizienz-Dilemma. Die Europäische Union gerät in eine Legitimitätsfalle’, FAZ, 24 April, p. 12.
34. Midgaard, Knut (1998) ‘The problem of autonomy and democracy in a complex polity: the European Union’, in Andreas Follesdal and Peter Koslowski (eds), Democracy and the European Union, Berlin and Heidelberg: Springer, pp. 189–203.
35. Moravcsik, Andrew (1993) ‘Preferences and power in the European Community: a liberal intergovernmentalist approach’, Journal of Common Market Studies 31: 471–524.
36. Moravcsik, Andrew (1994) ‘Why the European Community strengthens the state: domestic politics and international cooperation’, Harvard University Working Paper Series, No. 52, Cambridge, MA.
37. Neunreither, Karl-Heinz (1994) ‘The democratic deficit of the European Union’, Government and Opposition 29: 299–314.
38. Obradovic, Daniela (1996) ‘Policy legitimacy and the European Union’, Journal of Common Market Studies 34: 191–221.
39. Pogge, Thomas W. (1998) ‘How to create supra-national institutions democratically. Some reflections on the European Union’s “democratic deficit”’, in Andreas Follesdal and Peter Koslowski (eds), Democracy and the European Union, Berlin and Heidelberg: Springer, pp. 160–85.
40. Popper, Karl R. (1945) The Open Society and its Enemies, London: Routledge.
41. Reif, Karlheinz (1993) ‘Ein Ende des “permissive consensus”? Zum Wandel europapolitischer Einstellungen in der öffentlichen Meinung der EG-Mitgliedstaaten’, in Rudolf Hrbek (ed.), Der Vertrag von Maastricht in der wissenschaftlichen Kontroverse, Baden-Baden: Nomos Verlag, pp. 23–40.
42. Risse, Thomas (1997) ‘Who are we? A Europeanization of national identities?’, unpublished paper, European University Institute, Florence.
43. Risse-Kappen, Thomas (1996) ‘Exploring the nature of the beast: international relations theory and comparative policy analysis meet the European Union’, Journal of Common Market Studies 34: 53–80.
44. Schäfer, Günther F. (1997) ‘Die institutionellen Herausforderungen einer EU-Osterweiterung’, in Werner Weidenfeld (ed.), Europa öffnen. Anforderungen an die Erweiterung, Gütersloh: Verlag Bertelsmann-Stiftung, pp. 25–100.
45. Scharpf, Fritz W. (1985) ‘Die Politikverflechtungsfalle. Europäische Integration und deutscher Föderalismus im Vergleich’, PVS 26: 323–56.
46. Scharpf, Fritz W. (1993) ‘Legitimationsprobleme der Globalisierung. Regieren in Verhandlungssystemen’, in Carl Böhret and Göttrik Wewer (eds), Regieren im 21. Jahrhundert. Zwischen Globalisierung und Regionalisierung, Opladen: Leske & Budrich, pp. 165–85.
47. Scharpf, Fritz W. (1994) ‘Community and autonomy: multi-level policy-making in the European Union’, Journal of European Public Policy 1: 219–42.
48. Scharpf, Fritz W. (1996a) ‘Democratic policy in Europe’, European Law Journal 2: 136–55.
49. Scharpf, Fritz W. (1996b) ‘Föderalismus und Demokratie in der transnationalen Ökonomie’, in Klaus von Beyme and Claus Offe (eds), Politische Theorien in der Ära der Transformation, Opladen: Westdeutscher Verlag, pp. 211–35.
50. Scharpf, Fritz W. (1997) ‘Economic integration, democracy and the welfare state’, Journal of European Public Policy 4: 18–36.
51. Scharpf, Fritz W. (1999) Governing in Europe: Effective and Democratic?, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
52. Schimmelfennig, Frank (1996) ‘Legitimate rule in the European Union. The academic debate’, Tübinger Arbeitspapiere zur Internationalen Politik und Friedensforschung, No. 27.
53. Simson, Werner von (1991) ‘Was heißt in einer europäischen Verfassung “Das Volk”?’, Europarecht: 1–15.
54. Steffani, Winfried (1995) ‘Das Demokratie-Dilemma der Europäischen Union. Die Rolle der Parlamente nach dem Urteil des Bundeverfassungsgerichts’, in Winfried Steffani and Uwe Thaysen (eds), Demokratie in Europa. Zur Rolle der Parlamente, Opladen: Westdeutscher Verlag, pp. 33–49.
55. de Tocqueville, Alexis (1969) Democracy in America, New York: New American Library.
56. Wallace, Helen (1993) ‘Deepening and widening: problems of legitimacy for the EC’, in Soledad Garcia (ed.), European Identity and the Search for Legitimacy, London: Pinter, pp. 95–105.
57. Wallace, William (1996) ‘Governance without statehood. The unstable equilibrium’, in Helen Wallace and William Wallace (eds), Policy-Making in the European Union, 3rd edn, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 439–60.
58. Weidenfeld, Werner (1996) ‘Europa ’96 – Unterwegs wohin? Die Europäische Union vor der Regierungskonferenz’, APUZ, B 1-2/96: 3–10.
59. Weidenfeld, Werner (1998) Amsterdam in der Analyse: Strategien für Europa, Gütersloh: Verlag Bertelsmann-Stiftung.
60. Weiler, Joseph H.H. (1993) ‘After Maastricht: Community legitimacy in post-1992 Europe’, in William James Adams (ed.), Singular Europe. Economy and Polity of the European Community after 1992, Michigan: University of Michigan Press, pp. 11–41.
61. Weiler, Joseph H.H. (1995) ‘European democracy and its critique’, West European Politics 2: 4–40.
62. Weiler, Joseph H.H. (1997) ‘The reformation of European constitutionalism, Journal of Common Market Studies 35: 97–131.
63. Wessels, Wolfgang (1996) ‘The modern West European state and the European Union: democratic erosion or a new kind of polity?’, in Svein S. Andersen and Kjell A. Eliassen (eds), The European Union: How Democratic Is It?, London: Sage, pp. 57–69.
64. Wessels, Wolfgang (1997) ‘An ever closer fusion? A dynamic macropolitical view on integration processes’, Journal of Common Market Studies 35: 267–99.
65. Wistrich, Ernest (1994) The United States of Europe, London and New York: Routledge.
66. Zürn, Michael (1992) ‘Jenseits der Staatlichkeit. Über die Folgen der ungleichzeitigen Denationalisierung’, Leviathan 4: 490–513.