Inter-party advantage and intra-party diversity: A response to Wirls

Studies in American Political Development

Volumn 13, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 31-45

  Ellis, Susan ^a   King, Ronald F ^a  

^a NONE

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[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0033461944     PISSN: 0898588X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/s0898588x99001947     Document Type: Article

References (12)

1. Bruce A. Ackerman, "Neo-federalism?," in Constitutionalism and Democracy, ed. Jon Elster and Rune Slagstad (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988), 153-93; We the People, I: Foundations (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1991)
2. Bruce A. Ackerman, "Neo-federalism?," in Constitutionalism and Democracy, ed. Jon Elster and Rune Slagstad (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988), 153-93; We the People, I: Foundations (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1991)
3. ; "Higher Lawmaking," in Responding to Imperfection, ed. Sanford Levinson (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1995), 63-87.
4. The data for this section were compiled from the Congressional Record and the Congressional Directory for the 61st and 62nd Congresses.
5. Congressional Record 48: A161.
6. John D. Buenker, "The Urban Political Machine and the Seventeenth Amendment," The Journal of American History 56 (1969): 305-22.
7. Susan Ellis, "Why Ratify? How the Progressive Amendments to the Constitution Were Ratified Then and What That Process Means to Us Now," (Ph.D. Diss., University of Michigan, 1996).
8. The data are from Congressional Quarterly, Guide to U.S. Elections (Washington, D.C.: Congressional Quarterly, Inc., 1975); William DeGregorio, The Complete Book of U.S. Presidents (New York: December Books, 1984); and Walter Dean Burnham, personally compiled partisan composition times series, for which we give special thanks.
9. The data are from Congressional Quarterly, Guide to U.S. Elections (Washington, D.C.: Congressional Quarterly, Inc., 1975); William DeGregorio, The Complete Book of U.S. Presidents (New York: December Books, 1984); and Walter Dean Burnham, personally compiled partisan composition times series, for which we give special thanks.
10. The list of small, newly-admitted Western states used in this analysis comes from Wirls, "Regionalism, Rotten Boroughs, Race, and Realignment," n.40, n.41.
11. Charles Stewart III and Barry R. Weingast, "Stacking the Senate, Changing the Nation: Republican Rotten Boroughs, Statehood Politics, and American Political Development," Studies in American Political Development 6 (1992): 223-71.
12. The intervention term for these estimates, unlike those reported on the basis of Table 1, is a slope rather than an intercept dummy variable, computed as 0 for the observations before the amendment and the value of the Republican (or Democratic) state legislative proportion after ratification.