The Westfailure system

Review of International Studies

Volumn 25, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 345-354

  Strange, Susan ^a  

^a NONE

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EID: 0033447725     PISSN: 02602105     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0260210599003459     Document Type: Article

References (23)

1. As used by R. Cox, Production, Power and World Order, Social Forces in the Making of World History (New York, 1987), and by S. Strange, States and Markets (London, 1988).
2. As used by R. Cox, Production, Power and World Order; Social Forces in the Making of World History (New York, 1987), and by S. Strange, States and Markets (London, 1988).
3. R. Germain, The International Organization of Credit (Cambridge, 1997).
4. Michael Veseth has argued that this was first tried in 14th century Florence. He may be right but it was a political trick not widely copied. Veseth, Mountains of Debt; Crisis and Change in Renaissance Florence, Victorian Britain and postwar America (Oxford, 1990).
5. The full story is entertainingly told by J. K. Galbraith in Money - Whence it Came and Where it Went (London, 1975).
6. H. Feis, Europe the World's Banker 1870-1914 (New York, 1964).
7. R. Triffin. The Evolution of the International Monetary System (Princeton, 1964).
8. Derivatives are contracts to purchase or sell derived from some real and variable price. This can be anything from the yen-dollar exchange rate, the price of frozen orange juice or the debt of governments or business enterprises. Derivative trading has grown at a rate of 40 per cent a year since 1990 and by 1995 according to the IMF was valued at nearly $50 trillion a year, or twice world economic output.
9. E. Kapstein, Governing the World Economy (Harvard, 1994).
10. S. Strange, Mad Money, chs. 8 and 9 (Manchester, 1998).
11. A 1997 survey of opinion in the City of London found that most people - bankers included - regarded 'bad management at the banks' as the no. 1 threat to the stability of the system. (Banana Skins survey by the Centre for the Study of Financial Innovation, 18 Curzon St., London W1).
12. P. Mistry, Resolving Africa's Multilateral Debt Problem (The Hague: Fondad, 1996).
13. S. Strange, Mad Money, ch. 8.
14. J. Santiso, 'Wall Street face a la cride mexicaine', CEPII working paper (Paris, 1997).
15. A. Hurrell, reviewing Institutions for Environmental Aid, edited by Keohane and Levy (1996) in the Mershon International Studies Review (November 1997), p. 292.
16. R. Kothari (1993).
17. Helleiner in Kenen (1994).
18. Review of International Political Economy (Autumn 1997).
19. Rizopoulos (1990).
20. Sklair, RIPE (1997), p. 534.
21. Rodolfo Stavenhagen, in R. Cox (ed.), The New Realism: Perspectives on Multilateralism and World Order, p. 34.
22. Strange, 1996.
23. Cox, op. cit., p. xxvii.