Application of the cognitive interview by the reference librarian

Reference and User Services Quarterly

Volumn 38, Issue 4, 1999, Pages 389-393

  Moody, Janette ^a   Carter, Elizabeth ^b  

^a Wiley College   (United States)

^b Citadel   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0033440668     PISSN: 10949054     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Lisa L. Smith, "Evaluating the Reference Interview," RQ 31, no. 1 (Fall 1991): 75-81; Elaine Z. Jennerich, "Before the Answer: Evaluating the Reference Process," RQ 19 Summer 1980): 365; Elaine Z. Jennerich and Edward J. Jennerich, The Reference Interview as a Creative Art (Littleton, Colo.: Libraries Unlimited, 1987), 95.
2. Lisa L. Smith, "Evaluating the Reference Interview," RQ 31, no. 1 (Fall 1991): 75-81; Elaine Z. Jennerich, "Before the Answer: Evaluating the Reference Process," RQ 19 Summer 1980): 365; Elaine Z. Jennerich and Edward J. Jennerich, The Reference Interview as a Creative Art (Littleton, Colo.: Libraries Unlimited, 1987), 95.
3. Lisa L. Smith, "Evaluating the Reference Interview," RQ 31, no. 1 (Fall 1991): 75-81; Elaine Z. Jennerich, "Before the Answer: Evaluating the Reference Process," RQ 19 Summer 1980): 365; Elaine Z. Jennerich and Edward J. Jennerich, The Reference Interview as a Creative Art (Littleton, Colo.: Libraries Unlimited, 1987), 95.
4. Marilyn D. White, "Different Approaches to the Reference Interview," in Rothstein on Reference, ed. William A. Katz and Charles A. Bunge, (New York: Haworth, 1989): 631-46; Marilyn D. White, "The Dimensions of the Reference Interview," RQ 20, no. 4, (1981): 373-81; Marilyn D. White, Rothstein on Reference, 631-46; Jennerich and Jennerich, The Reference Interview as a Creative Art, xii.
5. Marilyn D. White, "Different Approaches to the Reference Interview," in Rothstein on Reference, ed. William A. Katz and Charles A. Bunge, (New York: Haworth, 1989): 631-46; Marilyn D. White, "The Dimensions of the Reference Interview," RQ 20, no. 4, (1981): 373-81; Marilyn D. White, Rothstein on Reference, 631-46; Jennerich and Jennerich, The Reference Interview as a Creative Art, xii.
6. Marilyn D. White, "Different Approaches to the Reference Interview," in Rothstein on Reference, ed. William A. Katz and Charles A. Bunge, (New York: Haworth, 1989): 631-46; Marilyn D. White, "The Dimensions of the Reference Interview," RQ 20, no. 4, (1981): 373-81; Marilyn D. White, Rothstein on Reference, 631-46; Jennerich and Jennerich, The Reference Interview as a Creative Art, xii.
7. Marilyn D. White, "Different Approaches to the Reference Interview," in Rothstein on Reference, ed. William A. Katz and Charles A. Bunge, (New York: Haworth, 1989): 631-46; Marilyn D. White, "The Dimensions of the Reference Interview," RQ 20, no. 4, (1981): 373-81; Marilyn D. White, Rothstein on Reference, 631-46; Jennerich and Jennerich, The Reference Interview as a Creative Art, xii.
8. Marilyn D. White, "The Dimensions of the Reference Interview," 373-81.
9. Barbara Doyle-Wilch and Marian Miller, "Mediation and Schemata Theory in Meaningful Learning," in The Reference Librarian and Implications of Mediation, ed. M. Keith Ewing and Robert Hauptman. (New York: Haworth, 1992), 121-27; Joan Durrance, "Factors That Influence Reference Success," in Library Users and Reference Services, ed. Jo Bell Whitlach (New York: Haworth, 1995), 243-65; Bryce L. Allen, "Text Structures and the User Intermediary Interaction," RQ 27 (Summer 1988): 535-41; Marilyn D. White, "Evaluation of the Reference Interview," RQ 25 (Fall 1985): 76-84; Allen, "Text Structures and the User Intermediary Interaction," 541; Patricia Dewdney, "The Effective Reference Interview," Canadian Library Journal 45 (June 1988): 183-84; Ibid., 183-84; White, "Evaluation of the Reference Interview," 76-34; Doyle-Wilch and Miller, "Mediation and Schemata Theory in Meaningful Learning," 121-27; Linda J. Long, "Question Negotiation in the Archival Setting: The Use of Interpersonal Communication Techniques in the Reference Interview," American Archivist 52 (Winter 1989): 39-57; Ethel Autster and S. B. Lawton, "Search Interview Techniques and Information Gains as Antecedents of User Satisfaction with Online Bibliographic Retrieval," Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 35 (March 1984): 90-103.
10. Barbara Doyle-Wilch and Marian Miller, "Mediation and Schemata Theory in Meaningful Learning," in The Reference Librarian and Implications of Mediation, ed. M. Keith Ewing and Robert Hauptman. (New York: Haworth, 1992), 121-27; Joan Durrance, "Factors That Influence Reference Success," in Library Users and Reference Services, ed. Jo Bell Whitlach (New York: Haworth, 1995), 243-65; Bryce L. Allen, "Text Structures and the User Intermediary Interaction," RQ 27 (Summer 1988): 535-41; Marilyn D. White, "Evaluation of the Reference Interview," RQ 25 (Fall 1985): 76-84; Allen, "Text Structures and the User Intermediary Interaction," 541; Patricia Dewdney, "The Effective Reference Interview," Canadian Library Journal 45 (June 1988): 183-84; Ibid., 183-84; White, "Evaluation of the Reference Interview," 76-34; Doyle-Wilch and Miller, "Mediation and Schemata Theory in Meaningful Learning," 121-27; Linda J. Long, "Question Negotiation in the Archival Setting: The Use of Interpersonal Communication Techniques in the Reference Interview," American Archivist 52 (Winter 1989): 39-57; Ethel Autster and S. B. Lawton, "Search Interview Techniques and Information Gains as Antecedents of User Satisfaction with Online Bibliographic Retrieval," Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 35 (March 1984): 90-103.
11. Barbara Doyle-Wilch and Marian Miller, "Mediation and Schemata Theory in Meaningful Learning," in The Reference Librarian and Implications of Mediation, ed. M. Keith Ewing and Robert Hauptman. (New York: Haworth, 1992), 121-27; Joan Durrance, "Factors That Influence Reference Success," in Library Users and Reference Services, ed. Jo Bell Whitlach (New York: Haworth, 1995), 243-65; Bryce L. Allen, "Text Structures and the User Intermediary Interaction," RQ 27 (Summer 1988): 535-41; Marilyn D. White, "Evaluation of the Reference Interview," RQ 25 (Fall 1985): 76-84; Allen, "Text Structures and the User Intermediary Interaction," 541; Patricia Dewdney, "The Effective Reference Interview," Canadian Library Journal 45 (June 1988): 183-84; Ibid., 183-84; White, "Evaluation of the Reference Interview," 76-34; Doyle-Wilch and Miller, "Mediation and Schemata Theory in Meaningful Learning," 121-27; Linda J. Long, "Question Negotiation in the Archival Setting: The Use of Interpersonal Communication Techniques in the Reference Interview," American Archivist 52 (Winter 1989): 39-57; Ethel Autster and S. B. Lawton, "Search Interview Techniques and Information Gains as Antecedents of User Satisfaction with Online Bibliographic Retrieval," Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 35 (March 1984): 90-103.
12. Barbara Doyle-Wilch and Marian Miller, "Mediation and Schemata Theory in Meaningful Learning," in The Reference Librarian and Implications of Mediation, ed. M. Keith Ewing and Robert Hauptman. (New York: Haworth, 1992), 121-27; Joan Durrance, "Factors That Influence Reference Success," in Library Users and Reference Services, ed. Jo Bell Whitlach (New York: Haworth, 1995), 243-65; Bryce L. Allen, "Text Structures and the User Intermediary Interaction," RQ 27 (Summer 1988): 535-41; Marilyn D. White, "Evaluation of the Reference Interview," RQ 25 (Fall 1985): 76-84; Allen, "Text Structures and the User Intermediary Interaction," 541; Patricia Dewdney, "The Effective Reference Interview," Canadian Library Journal 45 (June 1988): 183-84; Ibid., 183-84; White, "Evaluation of the Reference Interview," 76-34; Doyle-Wilch and Miller, "Mediation and Schemata Theory in Meaningful Learning," 121-27; Linda J. Long, "Question Negotiation in the Archival Setting: The Use of Interpersonal Communication Techniques in the Reference Interview," American Archivist 52 (Winter 1989): 39-57; Ethel Autster and S. B. Lawton, "Search Interview Techniques and Information Gains as Antecedents of User Satisfaction with Online Bibliographic Retrieval," Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 35 (March 1984): 90-103.
13. Barbara Doyle-Wilch and Marian Miller, "Mediation and Schemata Theory in Meaningful Learning," in The Reference Librarian and Implications of Mediation, ed. M. Keith Ewing and Robert Hauptman. (New York: Haworth, 1992), 121-27; Joan Durrance, "Factors That Influence Reference Success," in Library Users and Reference Services, ed. Jo Bell Whitlach (New York: Haworth, 1995), 243-65; Bryce L. Allen, "Text Structures and the User Intermediary Interaction," RQ 27 (Summer 1988): 535-41; Marilyn D. White, "Evaluation of the Reference Interview," RQ 25 (Fall 1985): 76-84; Allen, "Text Structures and the User Intermediary Interaction," 541; Patricia Dewdney, "The Effective Reference Interview," Canadian Library Journal 45 (June 1988): 183-84; Ibid., 183-84; White, "Evaluation of the Reference Interview," 76-34; Doyle-Wilch and Miller, "Mediation and Schemata Theory in Meaningful Learning," 121-27; Linda J. Long, "Question Negotiation in the Archival Setting: The Use of Interpersonal Communication Techniques in the Reference Interview," American Archivist 52 (Winter 1989): 39-57; Ethel Autster and S. B. Lawton, "Search Interview Techniques and Information Gains as Antecedents of User Satisfaction with Online Bibliographic Retrieval," Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 35 (March 1984): 90-103.
14. Barbara Doyle-Wilch and Marian Miller, "Mediation and Schemata Theory in Meaningful Learning," in The Reference Librarian and Implications of Mediation, ed. M. Keith Ewing and Robert Hauptman. (New York: Haworth, 1992), 121-27; Joan Durrance, "Factors That Influence Reference Success," in Library Users and Reference Services, ed. Jo Bell Whitlach (New York: Haworth, 1995), 243-65; Bryce L. Allen, "Text Structures and the User Intermediary Interaction," RQ 27 (Summer 1988): 535-41; Marilyn D. White, "Evaluation of the Reference Interview," RQ 25 (Fall 1985): 76-84; Allen, "Text Structures and the User Intermediary Interaction," 541; Patricia Dewdney, "The Effective Reference Interview," Canadian Library Journal 45 (June 1988): 183-84; Ibid., 183-84; White, "Evaluation of the Reference Interview," 76-34; Doyle-Wilch and Miller, "Mediation and Schemata Theory in Meaningful Learning," 121-27; Linda J. Long, "Question Negotiation in the Archival Setting: The Use of Interpersonal Communication Techniques in the Reference Interview," American Archivist 52 (Winter 1989): 39-57; Ethel Autster and S. B. Lawton, "Search Interview Techniques and Information Gains as Antecedents of User Satisfaction with Online Bibliographic Retrieval," Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 35 (March 1984): 90-103.
15. Barbara Doyle-Wilch and Marian Miller, "Mediation and Schemata Theory in Meaningful Learning," in The Reference Librarian and Implications of Mediation, ed. M. Keith Ewing and Robert Hauptman. (New York: Haworth, 1992), 121-27; Joan Durrance, "Factors That Influence Reference Success," in Library Users and Reference Services, ed. Jo Bell Whitlach (New York: Haworth, 1995), 243-65; Bryce L. Allen, "Text Structures and the User Intermediary Interaction," RQ 27 (Summer 1988): 535-41; Marilyn D. White, "Evaluation of the Reference Interview," RQ 25 (Fall 1985): 76-84; Allen, "Text Structures and the User Intermediary Interaction," 541; Patricia Dewdney, "The Effective Reference Interview," Canadian Library Journal 45 (June 1988): 183-84; Ibid., 183-84; White, "Evaluation of the Reference Interview," 76-34; Doyle-Wilch and Miller, "Mediation and Schemata Theory in Meaningful Learning," 121-27; Linda J. Long, "Question Negotiation in the Archival Setting: The Use of Interpersonal Communication Techniques in the Reference Interview," American Archivist 52 (Winter 1989): 39-57; Ethel Autster and S. B. Lawton, "Search Interview Techniques and Information Gains as Antecedents of User Satisfaction with Online Bibliographic Retrieval," Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 35 (March 1984): 90-103.
16. Barbara Doyle-Wilch and Marian Miller, "Mediation and Schemata Theory in Meaningful Learning," in The Reference Librarian and Implications of Mediation, ed. M. Keith Ewing and Robert Hauptman. (New York: Haworth, 1992), 121-27; Joan Durrance, "Factors That Influence Reference Success," in Library Users and Reference Services, ed. Jo Bell Whitlach (New York: Haworth, 1995), 243-65; Bryce L. Allen, "Text Structures and the User Intermediary Interaction," RQ 27 (Summer 1988): 535-41; Marilyn D. White, "Evaluation of the Reference Interview," RQ 25 (Fall 1985): 76-84; Allen, "Text Structures and the User Intermediary Interaction," 541; Patricia Dewdney, "The Effective Reference Interview," Canadian Library Journal 45 (June 1988): 183-84; Ibid., 183-84; White, "Evaluation of the Reference Interview," 76-34; Doyle-Wilch and Miller, "Mediation and Schemata Theory in Meaningful Learning," 121-27; Linda J. Long, "Question Negotiation in the Archival Setting: The Use of Interpersonal Communication Techniques in the Reference Interview," American Archivist 52 (Winter 1989): 39-57; Ethel Autster and S. B. Lawton, "Search Interview Techniques and Information Gains as Antecedents of User Satisfaction with Online Bibliographic Retrieval," Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 35 (March 1984): 90-103.
17. Barbara Doyle-Wilch and Marian Miller, "Mediation and Schemata Theory in Meaningful Learning," in The Reference Librarian and Implications of Mediation, ed. M. Keith Ewing and Robert Hauptman. (New York: Haworth, 1992), 121-27; Joan Durrance, "Factors That Influence Reference Success," in Library Users and Reference Services, ed. Jo Bell Whitlach (New York: Haworth, 1995), 243-65; Bryce L. Allen, "Text Structures and the User Intermediary Interaction," RQ 27 (Summer 1988): 535-41; Marilyn D. White, "Evaluation of the Reference Interview," RQ 25 (Fall 1985): 76-84; Allen, "Text Structures and the User Intermediary Interaction," 541; Patricia Dewdney, "The Effective Reference Interview," Canadian Library Journal 45 (June 1988): 183-84; Ibid., 183-84; White, "Evaluation of the Reference Interview," 76-34; Doyle-Wilch and Miller, "Mediation and Schemata Theory in Meaningful Learning," 121-27; Linda J. Long, "Question Negotiation in the Archival Setting: The Use of Interpersonal Communication Techniques in the Reference Interview," American Archivist 52 (Winter 1989): 39-57; Ethel Autster and S. B. Lawton, "Search Interview Techniques and Information Gains as Antecedents of User Satisfaction with Online Bibliographic Retrieval," Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 35 (March 1984): 90-103.
18. Barbara Doyle-Wilch and Marian Miller, "Mediation and Schemata Theory in Meaningful Learning," in The Reference Librarian and Implications of Mediation, ed. M. Keith Ewing and Robert Hauptman. (New York: Haworth, 1992), 121-27; Joan Durrance, "Factors That Influence Reference Success," in Library Users and Reference Services, ed. Jo Bell Whitlach (New York: Haworth, 1995), 243-65; Bryce L. Allen, "Text Structures and the User Intermediary Interaction," RQ 27 (Summer 1988): 535-41; Marilyn D. White, "Evaluation of the Reference Interview," RQ 25 (Fall 1985): 76-84; Allen, "Text Structures and the User Intermediary Interaction," 541; Patricia Dewdney, "The Effective Reference Interview," Canadian Library Journal 45 (June 1988): 183-84; Ibid., 183-84; White, "Evaluation of the Reference Interview," 76-34; Doyle-Wilch and Miller, "Mediation and Schemata Theory in Meaningful Learning," 121-27; Linda J. Long, "Question Negotiation in the Archival Setting: The Use of Interpersonal Communication Techniques in the Reference Interview," American Archivist 52 (Winter 1989): 39-57; Ethel Autster and S. B. Lawton, "Search Interview Techniques and Information Gains as Antecedents of User Satisfaction with Online Bibliographic Retrieval," Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 35 (March 1984): 90-103.
19. Barbara Doyle-Wilch and Marian Miller, "Mediation and Schemata Theory in Meaningful Learning," in The Reference Librarian and Implications of Mediation, ed. M. Keith Ewing and Robert Hauptman. (New York: Haworth, 1992), 121-27; Joan Durrance, "Factors That Influence Reference Success," in Library Users and Reference Services, ed. Jo Bell Whitlach (New York: Haworth, 1995), 243-65; Bryce L. Allen, "Text Structures and the User Intermediary Interaction," RQ 27 (Summer 1988): 535-41; Marilyn D. White, "Evaluation of the Reference Interview," RQ 25 (Fall 1985): 76-84; Allen, "Text Structures and the User Intermediary Interaction," 541; Patricia Dewdney, "The Effective Reference Interview," Canadian Library Journal 45 (June 1988): 183-84; Ibid., 183-84; White, "Evaluation of the Reference Interview," 76-34; Doyle-Wilch and Miller, "Mediation and Schemata Theory in Meaningful Learning," 121-27; Linda J. Long, "Question Negotiation in the Archival Setting: The Use of Interpersonal Communication Techniques in the Reference Interview," American Archivist 52 (Winter 1989): 39-57; Ethel Autster and S. B. Lawton, "Search Interview Techniques and Information Gains as Antecedents of User Satisfaction with Online Bibliographic Retrieval," Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 35 (March 1984): 90-103.
20. Randall B. Hensley, "Learning Style Theory and Learning Transfer Principles during Reference Interview Instruction," Library Trends 39, no. 2 (Winter 1991): 203-9.
21. Samuel D. Neill, "The Reference Process and Certain Types of Memory: Semantic, Episodic, and Schematic," RQ 23 (Summer 1984): 417-23.
22. Doyle-Wilch and Miller, "Mediation and Schemata Theory in Meaningful Learning," 121-27.
23. Neill, "The Reference Process and Certain Types of Memory: Semantic, Episodic, and Schematic," 417-23.
24. Marilyn D. White, "The Reference Encounter Model," Drexel Library Quarterly 19, no. 2 (1983): 38-55.
25. Ronald P. Fisher and R. Edward Geiselman, Memory Enhancing Techniques for Investigative Interviewing: The Cognitive Interview (Springfield, Ill.: Charles Thomas Pub., 1992), 87-98.
26. Ronald P. Fisher and Kathryn I. Quigley, "Applying Cognitive Theory in Public Health Investigations," in Questions about Questions: Inquiries into the Cognitive Bases of Surveys, ed. Judith M. Tanur (New York: Sage, 1992), 155.
27. Janette Moody, "An Empirical Evaluation of the Cognitive Interview for the Elicitation of Episodic Knowledge During Systems Development" (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of South Florida, Tampa, 1993).
28. John B. Best, Cognitive Psychology (St. Paul, Minn.: West Pub., 1989), 166.
29. D. R. Godden and A. D. Baddeley, "Context-dependent Memory in Two Natural Environments," British Journal of Psychology 66, no. 3 (Aug. 1975): 325-31; Steven M. Smith and others, "Environmental Context and Human Memory," Memory and Cognition 6, no. 4 (July 1978): 342-53.
30. D. R. Godden and A. D. Baddeley, "Context-dependent Memory in Two Natural Environments," British Journal of Psychology 66, no. 3 (Aug. 1975): 325-31; Steven M. Smith and others, "Environmental Context and Human Memory," Memory and Cognition 6, no. 4 (July 1978): 342-53.
31. Godden and Baddeley, "Context-dependent Memory in Two Natural Environments," 328.
32. John B. Best, Cognitive Psychology, 168.
33. Smith and others, "Environmental Context and Human Memory," 342-53.
34. Gordon H. Bower, "Mood and Memory," American Psychologist 36, no. 2 (Feb. 1981): 129-48.
35. Ibid., 129.
36. Gordon H. Bower and others, "Emotional Mood as a Context for Learning and Recall," Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior 17, no. 5 (Oct. 1978): 573-85; Gordon H. Bower and Stephen G. Gilligan, "Remembering Information Related to One's Self," Journal of Research in Personality 13, no. 4 (Dec. 1979): 420-32.
37. Gordon H. Bower and others, "Emotional Mood as a Context for Learning and Recall," Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior 17, no. 5 (Oct. 1978): 573-85; Gordon H. Bower and Stephen G. Gilligan, "Remembering Information Related to One's Self," Journal of Research in Personality 13, no. 4 (Dec. 1979): 420-32.
38. Daniel Kahneman, Attention and Effort (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 1973); Best, Cognitive Psychology, 50.
39. Daniel Kahneman, Attention and Effort (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 1973); Best, Cognitive Psychology, 50.
40. Michael I. Posner and Stephen J. Boies, "Components of Attention," Psychological Review 78, no. 5 (Sept. 1971): 391-408.
41. Henry L. Roediger and David G. Payne, "Hypermnesia: The Role of Repeated Testing," Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 8, no. 1, (Jan. 1982): 66-72.
42. Ibid., 71.
43. Fisher and Quigley, Questions about Questions: Inquiries into the Cognitive Bases of Surveys, 155.
44. Ibid., 107.
45. Richard C. Anderson and James W. Pichert, "Recall of Previously Unrecallable Information Following a Shift in Perspective," Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior 17, no. 1 (Feb. 1978): 1-12.
46. Ibid., 1.
47. Ibid., 1-12.
48. Ronald P. Fisher, and Carla C. Chandler, "Associations between Temporally Cued and Thematically Cued Recall," Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 22, no. 5 (1984): 395-97.
49. Ibid., 396.
50. Fisher and Geiselman, Memory Enhancing Techniques for Investigative Interviewing: The Cognitive Interview, 1-150; Fisher and Quigley, Questions about Questions: Inquiries into the Cognitive Bases of Surveys, 154-55.
51. Fisher and Geiselman, Memory Enhancing Techniques for Investigative Interviewing: The Cognitive Interview, 1-150; Fisher and Quigley, Questions about Questions: Inquiries into the Cognitive Bases of Surveys, 154-55.
52. Janette Moody and others, "Enhancing Knowledge Elicitation Using the Cognitive Interview," Expert Systems with Applications 10, no. 1, (1996): 127-33.
53. William Katz, Introduction to Reference Work, vol. II (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1987), 39-58.
54. Ibid., 39.