Kosovo: The war of NATO expansion

New Left Review

Volumn , Issue 235, 1999, Pages 107-123

  Blackburn, Robin ^a  

^a NONE

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EID: 0033439132     PISSN: 00286060     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Jonathan Steele, who has covered the Kosovo story for a long time, argues that: 'NATO has achieved its aims in Yugloslavia but the war need never have been. The deal extracted from Slobodan Milosevic last week could probably have been obtained 12 months ago without the horror of bombing at all.' 'NATO's Russian Roulette: The West's contempt for its former cold war enemy caused estrangement during the Kosovo crisis - just when they needed to work together', The Guardian, 9 June 1999.
2. This emerges even from an account written by the legal adviser to the Kosovan delegation Marc Weller, see 'The Rambouillet Conference', International Affairs, vol. 75, April 1999.
3. Zlamy Khalilzad and David Ochmanek, 'Rethinking US Defense Planning', Survival, vol. 39, no. I, Spring 1997, p. 49, quoted in Gilbert Achcar, 'The Strategic Triad: the United States, Russia and China', NLR 228, March-April 1998, pp. 102-3.
4. Zlamy Khalilzad and David Ochmanek, 'Rethinking US Defense Planning', Survival, vol. 39, no. I, Spring 1997, p. 49, quoted in Gilbert Achcar, 'The Strategic Triad: the United States, Russia and China', NLR 228, March-April 1998, pp. 102-3.
5. Lawrence Freedman, 'On the C List', Times Literary Supplement, 30 April 1999. This is a review of Ashton B. Carter and William J. Perry, Preventive Defense: a New Security Strategy for America, Washington, DC 1999.
6. Lawrence Freedman, 'On the C List', Times Literary Supplement, 30 April 1999. This is a review of Ashton B. Carter and William J. Perry, Preventive Defense: a New Security Strategy for America, Washington, DC 1999.
7. Michael Mandelbaum, The Dawn of Peace in Europe, New York 1996. cite this work and that by Carter and Perry because it shows that the recklessness of current US policy arouses disquiet even within the political establishment. For an informative critique of NATO enlargement see 'The Expansion of NATO', Campaign Against the Arms Trade, London 1999, available from 11 Goodwin St, London N4 3HQ.
8. Michael Mandelbaum, The Dawn of Peace in Europe, New York 1996. cite this work and that by Carter and Perry because it shows that the recklessness of current US policy arouses disquiet even within the political establishment. For an informative critique of NATO enlargement see 'The Expansion of NATO', Campaign Against the Arms Trade, London 1999, available from 11 Goodwin St, London N4 3HQ.
9. Transition, 15 November 1996. Brzezinski expanded on these ideas in 'Russia and Asian Geopolitics', Foreign Affairs, November-December 1997.
10. Transition, 15 November 1996. Brzezinski expanded on these ideas in 'Russia and Asian Geopolitics', Foreign Affairs, November-December 1997.
11. Zbigniew Brzezinski, 'A Geostrategy for Asia', Foreign Affairs, November-December 1997.
12. Interview, CNBC, 'Power Lunch', 27 August 1998. Sternly critical of Russia's democracy, Brzezinski is, however, known for favouring close links to Azerbaijan. He is a consultant to Amoco and the Azerbaijan International Operating Company, a cartel whose projected oil pipe-lines and agreements help to cement the GUUAM alliance. Freedom House, of which Brzezinski is a board member, recently pronounced that political conditions in Geidar Aliev's Azerbaijan were improving. (Aliev was a member of Brezhnev's Politburo and responsible for the ethnic cleansing of Armenians from Nagorno-Kabarak.) For material on Brzezinski and Azerbaijan, see the web site of counterpunch.org and the article by Christopher Hitchens in web magazine Salon, 29 September 1997. While Brzezinski's links with the oil companies are evidently close, it is not necessarily the case that he is doing their bidding; some observers believe that the oil concerns are being dragged into Brzezinski's politically inspired machinations through a combination of naïveté and greed.
13. Interview, CNBC, 'Power Lunch', 27 August 1998. Sternly critical of Russia's democracy, Brzezinski is, however, known for favouring close links to Azerbaijan. He is a consultant to Amoco and the Azerbaijan International Operating Company, a cartel whose projected oil pipe-lines and agreements help to cement the GUUAM alliance. Freedom House, of which Brzezinski is a board member, recently pronounced that political conditions in Geidar Aliev's Azerbaijan were improving. (Aliev was a member of Brezhnev's Politburo and responsible for the ethnic cleansing of Armenians from Nagorno-Kabarak.) For material on Brzezinski and Azerbaijan, see the web site of counterpunch.org and the article by Christopher Hitchens in web magazine Salon, 29 September 1997. While Brzezinski's links with the oil companies are evidently close, it is not necessarily the case that he is doing their bidding; some observers believe that the oil concerns are being dragged into Brzezinski's politically inspired machinations through a combination of naïveté and greed.
14. Madeleine Albright, 'The Testing of American Foreign Policy', Foreign Affairs, November-December 1998, pp.50-68.
15. Garry Wills, 'Bully of the Free World', Foreign Affairs, March-April 1999, pp. 50-60; and Samuel P. Huntindon, 'The Lonely Superpower', ibid., pp. 35-49.
16. Garry Wills, 'Bully of the Free World', Foreign Affairs, March-April 1999, pp. 50-60; and Samuel P. Huntindon, 'The Lonely Superpower', ibid., pp. 35-49.
17. Tariq Ali, 'Springtime for NATO', NLR 234, March-April 1999. The text of this speech will be found on the website Kosova.newsroom.
18. As was recently established in these pages 'The US was in charge in Somalia all along'; see Alex de Waal, 'US War Crimes in Somalia', NLR 230, July-August 1998, p. 135.
19. As was recently established in these pages 'The US was in charge in Somalia all along'; see Alex de Waal, 'US War Crimes in Somalia', NLR 230, July-August 1998, p. 135.
20. Robin Blackburn, 'The Break-Up of Yugoslavia', NLR 199, May-June 1993, pp. 100-119. For the role of economic 'landslides' in precipitating ethnic violence, see Tom Nairn, 'Reflections on Nationalist Disasters', NLR 230, July-August 1998, pp. 145-152.
21. Robin Blackburn, 'The Break-Up of Yugoslavia', NLR 199, May-June 1993, pp. 100-119. For the role of economic 'landslides' in precipitating ethnic violence, see Tom Nairn, 'Reflections on Nationalist Disasters', NLR 230, July-August 1998, pp. 145-152.
22. See Branka Magas, 'The Balkanization of Yugoslavia', NLR 174, March-April 1989, pp. 3-33.
23. See Michael Mann, 'The Dark Side of Democracy: the Modern Tradition of Ethnic and Political Cleansing', in this issue.
24. Philippa Fletcher from Belgrade, Reuters, 30 May.
25. John Lloyd, 'Russians Doubt Chernomyrdin's Kosovo Chances', The Financial Times 27 May 1999.
26. Charles Pretzlik 'UK Plans Company Task Force', The Financial Times, 5/6 June 1999.
27. Hugo Young, 'All Passions Spent', The Guardian, 8 June 1999.