Acoustic monopoles, dipoles, and quadrupoles: An experiment revisited

American Journal of Physics

Volumn 67, Issue 8, 1999, Pages 660-664

  Russell, Daniel A ^a   Titlow, Joseph P ^a   Bemmen, Ya Juan ^a  

^a KETTERING UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0033430557     PISSN: 00029505     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1119/1.19349     Document Type: Article

References (13)

1. A. D. Pierce, Acoustics, An Introduction to its Physical Principles and Applications (Acoustical Society of America, New York, 1989), pp. 159-171.
2. A. P. Dowling, "Steady-State Radiation From Sources," in Encyclopedia of Acoustics, edited by M. J. Crocker (Wiley, New York, 1997), Chap. 9, pp. 107-125.
3. M. H. Nayfeh and M. K. Brussel, Electricity and Magnetism (Wiley, New York, 1985), pp. 58-69.
4. J. B. Marion and M. A. Heald, Classical Electromagnetic Radiation (Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York, 1980). pp. 34-48.
5. E. Meyer and E. G. Neumann, Physical and Applied Acoustics: An Introduction (Academic, New York, 1972), pp. 154-160.
6. D. A. Russell, "Measuring the Directivity of a Loudspeaker with and without a Baffle," available on the WWW at: http://www.kettering.edu/ ≃drussell/anvlabs1.html.
7. L. L. Beranek, Acoustics (Acoustical Society of America, New York, 1986), pp. 91-115.
8. L. E. Kinsler, A. R. Frey, A. B. Coppens, and J. V. Sanders, Fundamentals of Acoustics (Wiley, New York, 1982), pp. 167-172.
9. M. P. Norton, Fundamentals of Noise and Vibration Analysis for Engineers (Cambridge U.P., Cambridge, 1989), pp. 125-145.
10. D. D. Reynolds, Engineering Principles of Acoustics: Noise and Vibration Control (Allyn and Bacon, Boston, 1981), pp. 531-594.
11. Optimus XTS 40 loudspeakers (4-in., 150-18 000 Hz) are available from Radio Shack (catalog No. 40-1991). They are quite often on sale for $14.99.
12. Digital Sound Level Meter 33-2055 is available from Radio Shack for $59.99. An analog meter 33-2050 is available for $29.99.
13. T. D. Rossing, Acoustics Laboratory Experiments (Northern Illinois U.P., DeKalb, IL, 1982), Experiment 41: Monopole, Dipole, and Quadrupole Sources.