The effect of diffusion kinetics on the supersaturation in clouds

Atmospheric Research

Volumn 52, Issue 1-2, 1999, Pages 115-141

  Zou, You Suo ^a   Fukuta, Norihiko ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF UTAH   (United States)

Author keywords

Clouds; Diffusion kinetics; Nucleation growth interaction; Supersaturation

Indexed keywords

CLOUD DROPLET; CLOUD MICROPHYSICS; DIFFUSION; HAZE; NUCLEATION;

EID: 0033429001     PISSN: 01698095     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0169-8095(99)00025-3     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Arnason G., Brown P.S. Jr. Growth of cloud droplets by condensation: a problem in computational stability. J. Atmos. Sci. 28:1971;72-77.
2. Chapman, S., Cowling, T.G., 1970. The Mathematical Theory of Non-Uniform Gases. Cambridge Univ. Press, 422 pp.
3. Chen J.-P. Predictions of saturation ratio for cloud microphysical models. J. Atmos. Sci. 51:1994;1332-1338.
4. Chen J.-P. Theory of deliquescence and modified Köhler curves. J. Atmos. Sci. 51:1994;3505-3516.
5. Clark T.L. On the modeling nucleation and condensation theory in Eulerian spatial domain. J. Atmos. Sci. 31:1974;2099-2117.
6. Clark T.L., Hall W.D. A numerical experiment on stochastic condensation theory. J. Atmos. Sci. 36:1979;470-483.
7. Fitzgerald, J.W., 1972. A study of the initial phase of cloud droplet growth by condensation: comparison between theory and observation. PhD Dissertation. Dept. of Geophys. University of Chicago, 144 pp.
8. Fitzgerald J.W. A numerical model of the formation of droplet spectra in advection fogs at sea and its applicability to fogs off Nova Scotia. J. Atmos. Sci. 35:1978;1522-1535.
9. Fuchs, N.A., 1959. Evaporation and Droplet Growth in Gaseous Media. Pergamon, 72 pp.
10. Fukuta N. Water supersaturation in convective cloud. Atmos. Res. 30:1993;105-126.
11. Fukuta N., Walter L.A. Kinetics of hydrometer growth from a vapor-spherical mode. J. Atmos. Sci. 27:1970;1160-1172.
12. Fukuta N., Xu N. Nucleation-droplet growth interactions and microphysical property development in convective clouds. Atmos. Res. 41:1996;1-22.
13. Grabowski W.W. Numerical experiments on the dynamics of the cloud-environment interface: small cumulus in a shear-free environment. J. Atmos. Sci. 46:1989;3513-3541.
14. Hagen D.E., Schmitt J., Trueblood M., Carstens J., White D.R., Alofs D.J. Condensation coefficient measurement for water in the UMR cloud simulation chamber. J. Atmos. Sci. 46:1989;803-816.
15. Hobbs, P.V. (Ed.), 1993. Aerosol-Cloud-Climate Interactions. Academic Press, San Diego, 233 pp.
16. Howell W.E. The growth of cloud droplets in uniformly cooled air. J. Meteorol. 6:1949;134-149.
17. Hudson J.G. Cloud condensation nuclei. J. Appl. Meteorol. 12:1993;596-607.
18. IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change), 1995. Radiative forcing of climate change. In: Houghton, J.T., Meira Filho, L.G., Bruce, J., Lee, H., Callander, B.A., Haites, E., Harris, N., Maskell, K. (Eds.), Climate Change 1994. Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 1-231.
19. Jaenicke, R., 1993. Tropospheric aerosols. In: Hobbs, P.V. (Ed.), Aerosol-Cloud-Climate Interactions. Academic Press, San Diego, 235 pp.
20. Köhler H. Zur Kondensation des Wasserdämpfes in der Atmosphäre, zerste Mitteilung. Geofys. Publ. 2:1921;3-5.
21. Korolov A.V. The influence of supersaturation fluctuations on droplet size spectra formation. J. Atmos. Sci. 52:1995;3620-3634.
22. Leaitch W.R., Strapp J.W., Isaac G.A., Hudson J.G. Cloud droplet nucleation and scavenging of aerosol sulphate in polluted atmosphere. Tellus. 388:1986;328-344.
23. Low R.D.H. A generalized equation for the solution effect in droplet growth. J. Atmos. Sci. 26:1969;608-611.
24. Mason, B.J., 1971. The Physics of Clouds, 2nd edn. Oxford Univ. Press, London, 671 pp.
25. Mason B.J., Chien C.W. Cloud-droplet growth by condensation in cumulus. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 88:1962;136-142.
26. Mason B.J., Jonas P.R. The evolution of droplet spectra and large drops by condensation in cumulus clouds. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 100:1974;23-38.
27. Mazin I.P. Mechanism for droplet spectra formation. Izv. Atmos. Ocean. Phys. 10(4):1974;379-386.
28. Mordy W. Computations of the growth by condensation of a population of cloud droplets. Tellus. 11:1959;16-44.
29. Ochs H.T. Moment-conserving techniques for warm cloud microphysical computations: Part II. Model testing and results. J. Atmos. Sci. 35:1978;1959-1973.
30. Politovich M.K., Cooper W.A. Variability of the supersaturation in cumulus clouds. J. Atmos. Sci. 45:1988;1651-1664.
31. Pruppacher, H.R., Klett, J.D., 1978. Microphysics of Clouds and Precipitation. Reidel, Boston, 714 pp.
32. Robinson N.F. The efficient numerical calculation of condensational cloud droplet growth. J. Atmos. Sci. 28:1984;72-77.
33. Rogers, R.R., Yau, M.K., 1989. A Short Course in Cloud Physics, 3rd edn. Pergamon, 293 pp.
34. Saxena V.K., Fukuta N. The supersaturation in fogs. J. Rech. Atmos. 16:1982;327-335.
35. Soong S.T. Numerical simulation of warm rain development in an axisymmetric cloud model. J. Atmos. Sci. 31:1974;1262-1285.
36. Squires P. The growth of cloud drops by condensation: I. General characteristics. Aust. J. Sci. Res., Ser. A. 5:1952;66-68.
37. Twomey S. The nuclei of natural cloud formation: Part II. The supersaturation in natural clouds and the variation of cloud droplet concentration. Geofis. Pura Appl. 43:1959;243-249.
38. Twomey, S., 1977. Atmospheric Aerosols. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 302 pp.
39. Twomey S. Aerosols, clouds and radiation. Atmos. Environ. 25A:1991;2435-2442.
40. Twomey S., Wojciechowski T. Observations of the geographical variation of cloud nuclei. J. Atmos. Sci. 26:1969;684-688.
41. Warner J. The microstructure of cumulus cloud: Part II. The effect on droplet size distribution of the cloud nucleus spectrum and updraft velocity. J. Atmos. Sci. 2:1969;1272-1284.
42. Xu, N., 1994. A study of maximum supersaturation in convective cloud with Maxwellian and diffusion-kinetic droplet growth theory. MS Thesis. Department of Meteorology, University of Utah.
43. Young K.C. Effects of simplifications of the Köhler equation on the activation of CCN in an updraft. J. Atmos. Sci. 50:1993;2314-2317.
44. Young K.C., Warren A.J. A reexamination of the derivation of the equilibrium supersaturation curve for soluble particles. J. Atmos. Sci. 49:1992;1138-1143.
45. Zou Y.S., Hong Z.X., Zhou L.Y., Shen J.Q. Characteristics of spatial and temporal distribution of sulfur dioxide in Shanghai area. Chin. J. Atmos. Sci. 15:1992;205-211.