The ethics of animal research: What are the prospects for agreement?

Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics

Volumn 8, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 23-34

  Degrazia, David ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL RIGHTS; ANIMAL TESTING ALTERNATIVE; ANIMAL WELFARE; ARTICLE; BIOMEDICAL AND BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH; CONFLICT; CONSENSUS; EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL; GROUP PROCESS; MEDICAL RESEARCH; MENTAL STRESS; MORALITY; PAIN; QUALITY OF LIFE; RESEARCH; RISK ASSESSMENT; SOCIAL CONTROL;

BIOMEDICAL AND BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENTATION; ANIMAL RIGHTS; ANIMAL TESTING ALTERNATIVES; ANIMAL WELFARE; ANIMALS; ANIMALS, LABORATORY; BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH; CONSENSUS; DISSENT AND DISPUTES; GROUP PROCESSES; MORAL OBLIGATIONS; PAIN; QUALITY OF LIFE; RESEARCH; RISK ASSESSMENT; SOCIAL CONTROL, FORMAL; STRESS, PSYCHOLOGICAL;

EID: 0033428439     PISSN: 09631801     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0963180199801054     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. American Medical Association. Animal Research Action Plan. (June 1989), p. 6. See also American Medical Association. White Paper (1988).
2. American Medical Association. Animal Research Action Plan. (June 1989), p. 6. See also American Medical Association. White Paper (1988).
3. See the Humane Society of the United States (HSUS). Farm Animals and Intensive Confinement. Washington, D.C.: HSUS, 1994; Animals in Biomedical Research. Washington, D.C.: HSUS, revised 1989; and Zoos: Information Packet. Washington, D.C.: HSUS, 1995.
4. See the Humane Society of the United States (HSUS). Farm Animals and Intensive Confinement. Washington, D.C.: HSUS, 1994; Animals in Biomedical Research. Washington, D.C.: HSUS, revised 1989; and Zoos: Information Packet. Washington, D.C.: HSUS, 1995.
5. See the Humane Society of the United States (HSUS). Farm Animals and Intensive Confinement. Washington, D.C.: HSUS, 1994; Animals in Biomedical Research. Washington, D.C.: HSUS, revised 1989; and Zoos: Information Packet. Washington, D.C.: HSUS, 1995.
6. Animal Liberation Front. Animal Liberation Frontline Information Service: the A.L.F. Primer, (website)
7. Regan T. The Case for Animal Rights. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1983; Pluhar E. Beyond Prejudice. Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press, 1995.
8. Regan T. The Case for Animal Rights. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1983; Pluhar E. Beyond Prejudice. Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press, 1995.
9. Frey RG. Interests and Rights. Oxford: Clarendon, 1980; Singer P. Animal Liberation, 2d ed. New York: New York Review of Books, 1990.
10. Frey RG. Interests and Rights. Oxford: Clarendon, 1980; Singer P. Animal Liberation, 2d ed. New York: New York Review of Books, 1990.
11. DeGrazia D. Taking Animals Seriously. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.
12. Sapontzis SF. Morals, Reason, and Animals. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1987; Rodd R. Biology, Ethics, and Animals. Oxford: Clarendon, 1990; and Rollin BE. Animal Rights and Human Morality, 2d ed. Buffalo, New York: Prometheus, 1992.
13. Sapontzis SF. Morals, Reason, and Animals. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1987; Rodd R. Biology, Ethics, and Animals. Oxford: Clarendon, 1990; and Rollin BE. Animal Rights and Human Morality, 2d ed. Buffalo, New York: Prometheus, 1992.
14. Sapontzis SF. Morals, Reason, and Animals. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1987; Rodd R. Biology, Ethics, and Animals. Oxford: Clarendon, 1990; and Rollin BE. Animal Rights and Human Morality, 2d ed. Buffalo, New York: Prometheus, 1992.
15. Midgley M. Animals and Why They Matter. Athens, Georgia: University of Georgia Press, 1983.
16. Carruthers P. The Animals Issue. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992.
17. In a letter to the editor, Robert White, a neurosurgeon well known for transplanting monkeys' heads, asserted that "[a]nimal usage is not a moral or ethical issue . . ." (White R. Animal ethics? [letter]. Hastings Center Report 1990;20(6):43). For a rebuttal to White, see my letter, Hastings Center Report 1991;21(5):45.
18. In a letter to the editor, Robert White, a neurosurgeon well known for transplanting monkeys' heads, asserted that "[a]nimal usage is not a moral or ethical issue . . ." (White R. Animal ethics? [letter]. Hastings Center Report 1990;20(6):43). For a rebuttal to White, see my letter, Hastings Center Report 1991;21(5):45.
19. See note 9, Carruthers 1992. For an attempt to undermine Carruthers' arguments, see note 6, DeGrazia 1996:53-6.
20. See Rose M, Adams D. Evidence for pain and suffering in other animals. In: Langley G, ed. Animal Experimentation. New York: Chapman and Hall, 1989:42-71; Smith JA, Boyd KM. Lives in the Balance. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1991:ch. 4. See also note 7 Rodd 1990:ch. 3; and DeGrazia D, Rowan A. Pain, suffering, and anxiety in animals and humans. Theoretical Medicine 1991;12:193-211.
21. See Rose M, Adams D. Evidence for pain and suffering in other animals. In: Langley G, ed. Animal Experimentation. New York: Chapman and Hall, 1989:42-71; Smith JA, Boyd KM. Lives in the Balance. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1991:ch. 4. See also note 7 Rodd 1990:ch. 3; and DeGrazia D, Rowan A. Pain, suffering, and anxiety in animals and humans. Theoretical Medicine 1991;12:193-211.
22. See Rose M, Adams D. Evidence for pain and suffering in other animals. In: Langley G, ed. Animal Experimentation. New York: Chapman and Hall, 1989:42-71; Smith JA, Boyd KM. Lives in the Balance. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1991:ch. 4. See also note 7 Rodd 1990:ch. 3; and DeGrazia D, Rowan A. Pain, suffering, and anxiety in animals and humans. Theoretical Medicine 1991;12:193-211.
23. See, e.g., U.S. Government Principles for the Utilization and Care of Vertebrate Animals Used in Testing, Research, and Training. In: National Research Council. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press, 1996:117-8; National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Principles for the Ethical Care and Use of Animals. NASA Policy Directive 8910.1, effective 23 March 1998; and Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences. International Guiding Principles for Biomedical Research Involving Animals. Geneva: CIOMS, 1985:18.
24. See, e.g., U.S. Government Principles for the Utilization and Care of Vertebrate Animals Used in Testing, Research, and Training. In: National Research Council. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press, 1996:117-8; National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Principles for the Ethical Care and Use of Animals. NASA Policy Directive 8910.1, effective 23 March 1998; and Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences. International Guiding Principles for Biomedical Research Involving Animals. Geneva: CIOMS, 1985:18.
25. See, e.g., U.S. Government Principles for the Utilization and Care of Vertebrate Animals Used in Testing, Research, and Training. In: National Research Council. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press, 1996:117-8; National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Principles for the Ethical Care and Use of Animals. NASA Policy Directive 8910.1, effective 23 March 1998; and Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences. International Guiding Principles for Biomedical Research Involving Animals. Geneva: CIOMS, 1985:18.