Neurotoxicity in single photon emission computed tomography brain scans of patients reporting chemical sensitivities†

Toxicology and Industrial Health

Volumn 15, Issue 4, 1999, Pages 415-420

  Ross, Gerald H ^a   Rea, William J ^a   Johnson, Alfred R ^a   Hickey, David C ^b   Simon, Theodore R ^b  

^a Environmental Health Center   (United States)

^b Advanced Metabolic Imaging North Dallas   (United States)

Author keywords

chemical sensitivity; neurotoxicity; toxic encephalopathy

Indexed keywords

BASAL GANGLION; BRAIN CORTEX; BRAIN SCINTISCANNING; COGNITIVE DEFECT; HUMAN; IMAGE ANALYSIS; MULTIPLE CHEMICAL SENSITIVITY; NEUROTOXICITY; REVIEW; SINGLE PHOTON EMISSION COMPUTER TOMOGRAPHY;

BRAIN; BREAST IMPLANTS; COGNITION DISORDERS; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; MULTIPLE CHEMICAL SENSITIVITY; NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; TIME FACTORS; TOMOGRAPHY, EMISSION-COMPUTED, SINGLE-PHOTON;

EID: 0033427198     PISSN: 07482337     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/074823379901500316     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. Baker E. L., Smith T. J., and Landragan P. J. The neurotoxicity of industrial solvents: a review of the literature. Am. J. Ind. Med. 1985: 8: 207-217.
2. Black D. W., Rathe A., and Goldstein R. B. Environmental illness, a controlled study of 26 patients with ‘20th Century Disease’. JAMA 1990: 264: 3199-3170.
3. Brodsky C. M. Allergic to everything: a medical subculture. Psychosomatics 1983: 24: 731-742.
4. Callender T. J., Morrow L., and Submaranian K. Evaluation of chronic neurological sequelae after acute pesticide exposure using brain SPECT scans. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 1994: 41: 275-284.
5. Dager S. et al. Panic disorder precipitated by exposure to organic solvents in the workplace. Am. J. Psychiatry 1987: 144 (8): 1056-1058.
6. Davidoff A. L., and Fogarty L. Psychogenic origins of Multiple Chemical Sensitivities Syndrome: a critical review of the research literature. Archives of Environmental Health 1994: 49 (5): 316-325.
7. Fincher E. F., Chang T. S., Harrell E. H., Kettlekutt M. C., Rea W. J., Johnson A. R., Hickey D. C., and Simon T. R. Comparison of single photon emission computed tomography findings in cases of healthy adults and solvent exposed adults. Am. J. Ind. Med. 1997: 31: 4-14.
8. Frazen G. D. Abnormal distribution of cerebral activity in chronic schizophrenia. J. Psychiatr. Res. 1975: 12: 199-214.
9. Gemmell H., Evans N., Besson J. et al. Differential diagnosis in dementia using the cerebral blood flow agent 99m-HMPAO: a SPECT study. J. Comput. Assisted Tomogr. 1987: 11: 398-402.
10. Heuser G., Mena I., and Alamos F. Neurospect findings in patients exposed to neurotoxic chemicals. Toxicology and Industrial Health 1994: 10 (4/5): 561-571.
11. Holman B. et al. Brain perfusion is abnormal in cocaine-dependent polydrug users: a study using Technetium-99m-HMPaO and ASPECT. J. Nucl. Med. 1991: 32: 1206-1210.
12. Lorig T. S. EEG and ERP studies of low-level odor exposure in normal subjects. Toxicology and Industrial Health 1994: 10 (4/5): 579-586.
13. Lorig T. S., Herman K., and Schwartz G. E. EEG activity during administration of low concentration odors. Bulletin of the Psychosomatic Society 1990: 28 (5): 405-408.
14. Lorig T. S., Huffman E., DeMartino A., and DeMarco J. The effects of low concentration odors on EEG activity and behavior. Journal of Psychophysiology 1991: 5: 67-77.
15. Mathew R., Meyer J., Francis D. et al. Cerebral blood flow in depression. Am. J. Psychiatry 1980: 137: 1449-1450.
16. Molhave L. et al. Human reactions to low concentrations of volatile organic compounds. Environment International 1986: 12: 167-175.
17. Odkvist L. M. et al. Solvent-induced central nervous system disturbances appearing in hearing and vestibulo-oculomotor tests. Clinical Ecology 1995: 3 (3): 149-153.
18. Otto D. et al. Neurobehavioral and sensory irritant effects of controlled exposures to a complex mixture of volatile organic compounds. Neurotoxicity and Teratology 1990: 12 (6): 649-652.
19. Rea W. J. et al. Toxic volatile organic hydrocarbons in chemically sensitive patients. Clinical Ecology 1987: 5 (2): 70-74.
20. Rea W. J., Ross G. H., Johnson A. R. et al. Confirmation of chemical sensitivity by means of double blind inhalant challenge of toxic volatile chemicals. Clinical Ecology 1992: 6 (3): 113-118.
21. Rea W. J., Pan Y., Johnson A. R., Ross G. H. et al. Reduction of chemical sensitivity by means of heat depuration, physical therapy and nutritional supplementation in a controlled environment. J. Nutr. Environ. Med. 1996: 6: 141-148.
22. Simon T. J. Nucl. Med. 1987.
23. Simon G. E., Katon W. J., and Sparks P. J. Allergic to life: psychological factors in environmental illness. Am. J. Psychiatry 1990: 147: 901-906.
24. Simon T. R., Hickey D. C., Rea W. J., Johnson A. R., and Ross G. H. Breast implant and organic solvent exposure can be associated with abnormal cerebral SPECT scans in clinically impaired patients. Radiology 1992: 185: 234-234.
25. Simon T. R., Hickey D. C., Fincher C. E., Johnson A. R., Ross G. H., and Rea W. J. Single photon emission computed tomography of the brain in patients with chemical sensitivities. Toxicology and Industrial Health 1994: 10 (4/5): 573-577.
26. Stewart D. E., and Raskin J. Psychiatric assessment of patients with ‘20th Century Disease’ (‘total allergy syndrome’). Can. Med. Assoc. J. 1985: 133: 1001-1006.