Viral subtype and heterosexual acquisition of HIV infections diagnosed in Scotland

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Volumn 75, Issue 6, 1999, Pages 392-395

  Yirrell, D L ^a   Goldberg, D J ^b   Whitelaw, J ^c   McSharry, C ^d   Raeside, F ^b   Codere, G ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH   (United Kingdom)

^b Scottish Centre for Infection and Environmental Health   (United Kingdom)

^c ROYAL INFIRMARY OF EDINBURGH   (United Kingdom)

^d WESTERN INFIRMARY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

DNA sequencing; Genotyping; Heterosexual transmission; HIV 1 subtypes; Scotland

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; DNA SEQUENCE; GENOTYPE; HETEROSEXUALITY; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; STRAIN DIFFERENCE; UNITED KINGDOM; VIRUS DIAGNOSIS; VIRUS TRANSMISSION;

EID: 0033401529     PISSN: 13684973     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/sti.75.6.392     Document Type: Article

References (22)

1. 1 UNAIDS. Global summary of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, December 1998. Geneva: Joint United Nations Programme on AIDS, 1998.
2. 2 Workshop report from the European Commission (DGXII, INCO-DC) and the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS. AIDS 1997;11:UNAIDS 17-36.
3. 3 Simon F, Mauclere P, Roques P, et al. Identification of a new human immunodeficiency virus type 1 distinct from group M and O. Nat Med 1998;4:1032-7.
4. 4 Korber BTM, Foley B, Kuiken C, et al. Human retroviruses and AIDS: a compliation and analysis of nucleic acid and amino acid sequences. Los Alamos, NM: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, 1997.
5. 5 Expert Group of the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS. Implications of HIV variability for transmission: scientific and policy issues. AIDS 1997;11: UNAIDS1-15.
6. 6 Arnold C, Barlow KL, Parry JV, et al. At least five HIV-1 sequence subtypes (A,B,C,D,A/E) occur in England. AIDS Res Hum Ret 1995;11:427-9.
7. 7 Clewley JP, Arnold C, Barlow KL, et al. Diverse HIV-1 genetic subtypes in UK. Lancet 1996;347:1487.
8. M serotypes in French blood donors overa 10-year period (1985-1995). AIDS 1997;11: 1503-8.
9. 9 Alaeus A, Leitner T, Lidman K, et al. Most HIV-1 genetic subtypes have entered Sweden. AIDS. 1997;11:199-202.
10. 10 Mastro TD, Kunanusont C, Dondero TJ, et al. Why do sub-types segregate among persons with different risk behaviours in South Africa and Thailand? AIDS 1997;11:113-16.
11. 11 Goldberg D, Allardice G, McMenamin J, et al. Monitoring HIV infection and HIV disease progression in Scotland. Health Bull 1998;56:645-7.
12. 12 Balfe P. The changing face of the HIV epidemic: new rules and new problems. SGM Quarterly 1998;25:54-5.
13. 13 Scott G, Goldberg D, Weir M, et al. HIV prevalence among heterosexuals attending genitourinary clinics in Scotland -the African connection. BMJ 1997;315:1281-2.
14. 14 Leigh-Brown AJ, Lobidel D, Wade CM, et al. The molecular epidemiology of HIV type 1 in six cities in Britain and Ireland. J Virol 1997;235:166-77.
15. 15 Goldberg DJ, Emslie JA, Smyth W, et al and collaborating microbiologist. A system for surveillance of voluntary HIV testing; results of the first 2 years, 1989-1990. AIDS 1992; 6:495-500.
16. 16 Yirrell DL, Robertson P, Goldberg DJ, et al. Molecular investigation into outbreak of HIV in a Scottish prison. BMJ 1997;314:1446-50.
17. 17 Yirrell DL, Pickering H, Palmarini G, et al. Molecular eidemiological analysis of HIV in sexual networks in Uganda. AIDS 1998;12:285-90.
18. 18 McCutchan FR, Salminen MO, Carr JK, et al. HIV-1 genetic diversity. AIDS 1996;10(suppl 3):S13-20.
19. 19 CD4 Collaborative Group. CD4 surveillance in Scotland: perspectives on severe HIV-related immunodeficiency. AIDS 1997;11:1509-17.
20. 20 Frischer M, Elliott L, Taylor A, et al. Do needle exchanges help to control the spread of HIV among injecting drug users? AIDS 1993;7:1677-8.
21. 21 Taylor A, Frischer M, Green ST, et al. Low and stable prevalence of HIV among Glasgow drug injectors. Int J STD AIDS 1994;5:105-7.
22. 22 Des Jarlais D, Hagan H, Friedman SR, et al. Maintaining low HIV seroprevalence in populations of injecting drug users. JAMA 1995;274 :1226-31.