In vitro testing of MDI spacers: A technique for measuring respirable dose output with actuation in-phase or out-of-phase with inhalation

Respiratory Care

Volumn 44, Issue 12, 1999, Pages 1474-1485

  Foss, Scott A ^a   Keppel, Jean W ^a  

^a Thayer Medical Corporation   (United States)

Author keywords

Aerosol delivery; Dose output; In vitro testing; Metered dose inhaler; Particle size; Patient education; Spacer device

Indexed keywords

SALBUTAMOL;

AEROSOL; ARTICLE; BREATHING; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEVICE; DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM; IN VITRO STUDY; INTERMETHOD COMPARISON; METERED DOSE INHALER; PARTICLE SIZE;

EID: 0033399064     PISSN: 00201324     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Thiel CG From Susie's question to CFC-free, an inventor's perspective on forty years of MDI development and regulation. In: Dalby RN, Byron PR, Farr SJ, editors, Respiratory drug delivery V. Buffalo Grove IL. Interpharm Press, 1996:115-123.
2. Newman SP, Pavia D, Clarke SW. How should a pressurized β-adrenergic bronchodilator be inhaled? Eur J Respir Dis 1981;62(1):3-21.
3. Sackner MA, Kim CS. Recent advances in the management of obstructive airways disease: auxiliary MDI aerosol delivery systems. Chest 1985;88(2 Suppl):161S-170S
4. Hindle M, Newton DAG, Chrystyn H. Investigations of an optimal inhaler technique with the use of urinary salbutamol excretion as a measure of relative bioavailability to the lung. Thorax 1993;48(6):607-610.
5. Ivanovich M, Kreamer JW, Gritzalis D, Moses J. Evaluation of an auditory feedback equipped metered dose inhaler. Am J Ther 1996;3(12):818-820.
6. Rau JL. Respiratory care pharmacology, 5th ed. St Louis. Mosby-Year Book, 1998:48,384
7. Newman SP, Newhouse MT. Effect of add-on devices for aerosol drug delivery deposition studies and clinical aspects. J Aerosol Med 1996;9(1):55-70.
8. Dolovich M, Ruffin R, Corr D, Newhouse MT. Clinical evaluation of a simple demand inhalation MDI aerosol delivery device. Chest 1983;84(1):36-41.
9. Rachelefsky GS, Rohr AS, Wo J, Gracey V, Spector SL, Siegel SC, et al. Use of a tube spacer to improve the efficacy of a metered-dose inhaler in asthmatic children. Am J Dis Child 1986;140(11):1191-1193.
10. American Association for Respiratory Care Aerosol Consensus Statement - 1991. Respir Care 1991.36(9):916-921
11. Newman, SP. Aerosol deposition considerations in inhalation therapy. Chest 1985;88(2 Suppl).152S-160S
12. Dennis JH, Hendrick DJ. Design characteristics for drug nebulizers J Med Eng Technol 1992;16(2):63-68.
13. Ganderton D, Byron PR. Harmonising inhaler testing across the pharmacopoeias. In: Dalby RN. Byron PR, Farr SJ, editors. Respiratory drug delivery V. Buffalo Grove IL: Interpharm Press; 1996: 283-292.
14. Ahrens R, Lux C, Bahl T, Han SH. Choosing the metered-dose inhaler spacer or holding chamber that matches the patient's need: evidence that the specific drug being delivered is an important consideration. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1995;96(2):288-294
15. Lix JN, Foss SA, Keppel JW. Simultaneous measurement of mass dose output and particle size distribution (abstract). In: AAAR '97 abstracts. Cincinnati: American Association for Aerosol Research; 1997:43.
16. Foss SA, Lix JL, Keppel JW, English RE. Testing MDI chamber design under variable flow rate conditions. In: Dalby RN, Byron PR, Farr SJ, editors. Respiratory drug delivery VI Buffalo Grove IL. Interpharm Press; 1998:341-344.
17. Spearman CB, Sheldon RL, Egan DF. Egan's fundamentals of respiratory therapy, 4th ed. St Louis: CV Mosby Co; 1982:165.
18. Newman SP. Variability in drug delivery from aerosol inhalers in vitro and in vivo. In: Dalby RN, Byron PR, Fair SJ, editors. Respiratory drug delivery V. Buffalo Grove IL: Interpharm Press; 1996:11-18.
19. Stanford Research Institute. Characteristics of particles and particle dispersoids (chart). Reprinted from Stanford Research Institute Journal 1961: third quarter.
20. Mitchell JP, Nagel MW, Archer A Mis-timing between actuation of a metered-dose inhaler (pMDI) and inhalation: experience with a valved holding chamber (VHC) compared with a spacer (abstract). Respir Care 1998;43(10):869.
21. Rau JL, Dunlevy CL, Hill RL. A comparison of inline MDI actuators for delivery of a beta agonist and a corticosteroid with a mechanically ventilated lung model. Respir Care 1998;43(9):705-712
22. Finlay WH. Inertial sizing of aerosol inhaled during pediatric tidal breathing from an MDI with attached holding chamber. Int J Pharm 1998;168:147-152.
23. Finlay WH, Zuberbuhler P. In vitro comparison of beclomethasone and salbutamol metered-dose inhaler aerosols inhaled during pediatric tidal breathing from four valved holding chambers. Chest 1998;114(6):1676-1680.
24. Burnell PKP, Malton A, Reavill K, Ball MHE. Design, validation and initial testing of the Electronic Lung™ device. J Aerosol Sci 1998;29(8):1011-1025.
25. National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Practical guide for the diagnosis and management of asthma. Bethesda MD: National Institutes of Health (NIH Publication No. 97-4053);1997:44.
26. Rau JL. Respiratory care pharmacology, 5th ed. St Louis: Mosby-Year Book; 1998:285, 287.
27. Burton GG. Practical physical diagnosis in respiratory care. In: Burton GG, Hodgkin JE, editors. Respiratory care, 2nd ed. Philadelphia: JB Lippincott; 1984:282-297.