Two-dimensional gas chromatography. Concepts, instrumentation, and applications - Part 1: Fundamentals, conventional two-dimensional gas chromatography, selected applications

HRC Journal of High Resolution Chromatography

Volumn 22, Issue 12, 1999, Pages 647-665

  Bertsch, Wolfgang ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA   (United States)

Author keywords

Aromas; Environmental samples; Flavors; Foods; Fuels; Organochlorine compounds; Petroleum; Statistical method of overlap; Two dimensional GC

Indexed keywords

FUEL; ORGANOCHLORINE DERIVATIVE; PETROLEUM;

CHEMISTRY; FLAVOR; FOOD; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY; INSTRUMENTATION; ODOR; REVIEW; SAMPLE; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS;

EID: 0033395641     PISSN: 09356304     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1521-4168(19991201)22:12<647::AID-JHRC647>3.0.CO;2-V     Document Type: Review

References (142)

1. W. Bertsch, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. Chrom. Comm. 1978, 1, 1 and 85 and 289.
2. Z. Liu, J.B. Phillips, J. Chromatogr. Sci. 1991, 29, 227.
3. R. Consden, A.H. Gordon, A.J.P. Martin, Biochem. J. 1944, 38, 244.
4. J.M. Davis, J.C. Giddings, Anal. Chem. 1983, 55, 418.
5. J.M. Davis. Statistical Theories of Peak Overlap in Chromatography. P.R. Brown, E. Grushka edit., Chromatogr. Sci. Series, Vol. 34, M. Dekker, NY, 1974.
6. K. Rowe, J.M. Davis, Anal. Chem. 1995, 67, 2981.
7. K. Rowe, D. Bowlin, M. Zou, J.M. Davis, Anal. Chem. 1995, 67, 2994.
8. J.M. Davis, J. Chromatogr. 1999, 831, 37.
9. C. Samuel, J.M. Davis, J. Chromatogr. 1999, 842, 65.
10. P.J. Slonecker, X. Li, T.H. Ridgway, J.G. Dorsey, Anal. Chem. 1996, 68, 682.
11. F. Dondi, A. Bassi, A. Cavazzini, M. C. Pietrogrande, Anal. Chem. 1998, 70, 766.
12. J.C. Giddings. Use of Multiple Dimensions in Analytical Separations. H.J. Cortes edit., Chromatogr. Sci. Series, Vol. 50, M. Dekker, NY, 1990.
13. J.C. Giddings, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. Chrom. Comm. 1987,10, 319.
14. J.C. Giddings, Anal. Chem. 1967, 39, 1027.
15. R.E. Kaiser, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1978, 1, 321.
16. J.C. Giddings, Dynamics of Chromatography, M. Dekker, NY, 1965.
17. R E. Kaiser, R.I. Rieder, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1979, 2, 416.
18. T.S. Buys, T.W. Smuts, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1981, 4, 102 and 317.
19. J.V. Hinshaw, L.S. Ettre, Chromatographia 1986, 21, 561 and 669.
20. D.R. Deans, I. Scott, Anal. Chem. 1973, 45, 1137.
21. R. Annino, R. Villalobos, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1999, 22, 589.
22. H. Smith, R. Sacks, Anal. Chem. 1997, 69, 145.
23. T.A. Berger, Chromatographia 1996, 42, 63.
24. M. Proot, F, David, P. Sandra, M. Verzele, M.D. Dristeme, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. Chrom. Comm. 1985, 8, 426.
25. W. Jennings, J.A. Settlage, R. J. Miller, O. G. Raabe, J. Chromatogr. 1979, 186, 189.
26. D. Roberts, W. Bertsch, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. Chrom. Comm. 1988, 11, 783.
27. J.C. Giddings, J.M. Davis. Test of the Statistical Model of Component Overlap by Computer-Generated Chromatograms. Ultrahigh Resolution Chromatography, American Chemical Society Symposium, Anal Chem. Div., March 20-25, Seattle, WA (1983).
28. J.M. Davis, J.C. Giddings, Anal. Chem. 1985, 57, 2178.
29. J. M. Davis, J. Chromatogr. 1988, 449, 41.
30. E.Grushka, Anal. Chem. 1970, 42, 1142.
31. J. Krupcik, J. Garaj, P. Cellar, G. Guiochon, J. Chromatogr. 1984, 312, 1.
32. J.C. Giddings J. Chromatogr. 1995, 703, 3.
33. J.C. Giddings, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. Chrom. Comm. 1987, 10, 319.
34. M. Peters, J.M. Davis, American Lab. 9, 1998, 32C.
35. A.J. J. van Es, J.A. Rijks, C.A. Cramers, J. Chromatogr. 1988, 477, 39.
36. T. Kotiaho, F.R. Lauritsen, T.K. Choudhury, R.G. Cooks, G. T. Tsao, Anal. Chem. 1991, 63, 875.
37. S. Kitson, F.G. Larsen, B.S., McEwen, C.N, Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry: A Practical Guide, Academic Press, San Diego, 1996.
38. W.E. Wentworth, N. Helias, A. Zlatkis, E.C.M. Chen, S.D. Stearns, J. Chromatogr. 1998, 795, 319.
39. C.M. Henry, Anal. Chem. 1999, 70, 401.
40. F. Wach, Anal. Chem., 1994, 66, 927 A.
41. D.R. Deans, Chromatographia 1968, 1, 18.
42. F.I. Onuska, F.W. Karasek, Open Tubular Column Gas Chromatography in Environmental Sciences, Plenum Press, NY, 1984.
43. R. Annino, R. Villalobos, Chapter 3 in Process Gas Chromatography, Instrument Society of America, NY, 1994.
44. W.V. Ligon, Gas Chromatography, Chapter 3 in Gas Chromatography: Biomedical and Clincial Applications, R.E. Clement edit., Wiley, NY, 1990.
45. G. Schomburg, 12 Multidimensional Gas Chromatography as Sampling Technique. Sample Introduction in Capillary Gas Chromatography Editors: W. Bertsch, W.G. Jennings, R.E. Kaiser edit., Hüthig, Heidelberg, Vol. 1, 236 1985.
46. W. Bertsch, Multidimensional GC, Chapter 3 in Multidimensional Chromatography, H.J. Cortes edit. Vol. 50, Chromatogr. Sci. Series, M. Dekker, NY, 1990.
47. K. Himberg, E, Sippola, M.L. Riekkola, J. Microcol. Sep. 1989, 1, 271.
48. G. Schomburg, J. Chromatogr. 1995, 703, 309.
49. K. Grob, Split and Splitless Injection in Capillary GC, Hüthig, Heidelberg, Germany, 1991.
50. E. Boselli, B. Grolimund, K. Grob, G. Lercker, R. Amad, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1998, 21, 355.
51. L. Mondello, M. Catalfamo, A. Controneo, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1999, 22, 350.
52. G. Schomburg, F. Weeke, F. Müller, M. Oréans, Chromatographia 1982, 16, 87.
53. W. Bertsch, F. Hsu, A. Zlatkis, Anal. Chem. 1976, 48, 928.
54. B.M. Gordon, C.E. Rix, M.F. Borgerding. J. Chromatogr. Sci. 1985, 23, 1.
55. P.I. Mills, W.E. Guise, Jr, J. Chromatogr. Sci. 1996, 14, 431.
56. K. Shiomi, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. Chrom. Comm. 1991, 14, 136.
57. S.T. Adam, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. Chrom. Comm. 1988, 11, 85.
58. D. Häring, T. König, B. Withopf, M. Herderich, P. Schreier, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1997, 20, 351.
59. B.M. Gordon, M.S. Uhrig, M.F. Borgerding, H.L. Chung, W. M. Coleman, J.F. Elder, J.A. Giles, D.S. Moore, C.E. Rix, E.L. White, J. Chromatogr. Sci. 1988, 26, 174.
60. C.L. Wilkins, Anal. Chem. 1994, 66, 295A.
61. S. Nitz, F. Drawert, M. Albrecht, U. Gellert, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1988, 11, 322.
62. 1990 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Volume 05.01, D1319-89.
63. H-J. Neumann, B. Paczynska-Lahme, D. Severin. Composition and Properties of Petroleum, Ferdinand Enke Publ., Stuttgart, Germany 1981.
64. H. Boer, P. van Arkel, Chromatographia 1971, 4, 300.
65. P. Van Arkel, J. Beens, J. Spaans, D. Grutterink, R. Verbeek, J. Chromatogr. Sci. 1988, 26, 267.
66. T.J. Lechner-Fish, S.L. Ryder, American Lab. 1997, 2, 33X.
67. J. Chromatogr. Sci. 1988, 26, 206 and 258 and 267 and 271.
68. J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1994, 17, April and June issues.
69. J.J. Szakasits, R.E. Robinson, Anal. Chem. 1991, 63, 114.
70. H. Tani, M. Furuno, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. Chrom. Comm. 1986, 9, 712.
71. P. Coleman, L.S. Ettre, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. Chrom. Comm. 1985, 8, 112.
72. S. Wu, W.H. Chatham, S.O. Farwell, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1990, 13, 229.
73. S.T. Teng, A.D. Williams, K. Urdal, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1994, 17, 469.
74. H.J.W. Henderickx, J.J.M. Ramaekers, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1994, 77, 407.
75. M. Radke, in Brooks, D.H. Welte, Advances in Petroleum Geochemistry, Vol. 2, Academic Press, London, 1987.
76. R.G. Schäfer, J. Höltkemeir, Anal. Chim. Acta 1992, 260, 107.
77. J.E. Lovelock, Anal. Chem. 1961, 33, 162.
78. M.D. Erickson, Analytical Chemistry of PCBs, 2nd ed; CRC Lewis Publishers, Roca Raton, FL, 1997.
79. G. Frame, Anal. Chem. 1997, 70, 468A.
80. P. Hess, J. de Boer, W.P. Cofino, P.E.G. Leonards, D.E. Wells, J. Chromatogr. 1995, 703, 417.
81. B.R. Larsen, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1995, 18, 141.
82. G.M. Frame, Fresenius Z. Anal. Chem. 1997, 357, 701.
83. G.M. Frame, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1999, 22, 533.
84. D.E. Schulz, G. Petrick, J.C. Duinker, Environ. Sci. Technol. 1989, 23, 852.
85. R.M. Kinghorn, P. Marriott, M. Cumbers, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1996, 19, 622.
86. J. de Boer, Q.T. Dao, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1991, 14, 593.
87. J. de Boer, Q.T. Dao, Internat. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. 1990, 43, 245
88. K.L.E. Kaiser, Environ. Poll. 1974, 7, 93.
89. W. A. König, Gas Chromatographic Enantiomer Separation With Modified Cyclodextrins, Hüthig, Heidelberg, Germany, 1992.
90. E. Benik, R. Novakovsky, J. Hrouzek, J. Krupcik, P. Sandra, J. de Zeeuw, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1996, 19, 95.
91. G.P. Blanch, A. Glausch, V. Schurig, R. Serrano, M.J. Gonzalez, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1996, 19, 392.
92. D. Hainzl, J. Burhenne, H. Parlar, Chemosphere, 1994, 28, 245.
93. H.-J. de Geus, R. Baycan-Keller, M. Oehme, J. de Boer, U.A. T. Brinkman, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1998, 21, 39.
94. G. Schomburg, H. Husmann, B. Hübinger, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. Chrom. Comm. 1985, 8, 395.
95. E. Sippola, K. Himberg, F. David, P. Sandra, J. Chromatogr. 1994, 45., 683.
96. L.D. Sivils, S. Kapila, Q. Yan, A.A. Elseewi, J. Chromatogr. 1994, 688, 221.
97. W.V. Ligon, Jr. R.J. May, J. Chromatogr. 1984, 294, 87.
98. W.V. Ligon, Jr. R.J. May, J. Chromatogr. 1986, 24, 2.
99. J. Iida, T. Takeda, T. Takasuga, J. Moncur, P. Ireland, B. Wright, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1991, 14, 103.
100. H.-J. Stan, Chromatographia 1977, 10, 233
101. P. Klaffenbach, H-J. Stan, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1991, 14, 754.
102. H.-J. Stan, S. Heil, Fresenius Z. Anal. Chem. 1991, 339, 34.
103. C. Bicchi, A. D'Amato, A. Binello, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1996, 19, 80.
104. I. de Cruz, G. Lacroix, C. Moughin, G. Grolleau, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1996, 19, 62.
105. S. Blomberg, J. Roeraade, J. Chromatogr. 1987, 394, 443.
106. J.P.E.M. Rijks, J.A. Rijks, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1990, 13, 261.
107. O. Nishimura, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1995, 18, 699.
108. C. Bicchi, A. D'Amato, C. Frattini, G. M. Nano, A. Pisciotta, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1989, 12, 705.
109. M.M. Coleman, B.M. Gordon, Appl. Spectroscopy, 1987, 41, 1163.
110. K.D. Kempfert, J. Chromatogr. Sci. 1989, 27, 63.
111. P.A. Rodriguez, C.L. Eddy, S. Nitz, J. Chromatogr. Sci. 1986, 24, 18.
112. D.W. Wright, K.O. Mahler, I.B. Ballard, J. Chromatogr. Sci. 1986, 24, 60.
113. M. Herraiz, G. Reglero, T. Herraiz, E. Loyola, J. Agric. Food Chem. 1990, 38, 1540.
114. R.H.M. van Ingen, L.M. Nijssen, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1989, 12, 484
115. M.C. Tomlinson, C.L. Wilkins, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1998, 21, 347
116. S. Nitz, H. Kollmannsberger, F. Drawert, J. Chromatogr. 1989, 471, 173.
117. G. Schomburg, H. Husmann, E. Hubinger, W. A. König, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1984, 7, 404.
118. H. Frank, G.I. Nicholson, E. Bayer, J. Chromatogr. Sci. 1977, 75, 174.
119. C. Wang, H. Frank, G. Wang, L. Zhou, E. Bayer, P. Lu, J. Chromatogr. 1983, 262, 352.
120. X. Wang, C. Jio, H. Wan, J. Chromatogr. Sci. 1995, 33, 22.
121. L. Mondello, M. Catalfamo, G. Dugo, P. Dugo, J. Microcol. Sep. 1998, 10, 203.
122. L. Mondello, M. Catalgamo, A.R. Proteggente, I. Bonaccorsi, G. J. Dugo, J. Agric. Food Chem. 1998, 43, 54.
123. A. Mosandl, K. Fischer, U. Hener, P. Kreis, K. Rettinger, V. Schubert, H. . Schmarr, J. Agric. Food Chem. 1991, 39, 1131.
124. R.G. Lageveen, G.W. Hussman, H. Preusting, P. Ketelaar, G. Eggink, B. Witholt, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 1988, 54, 2924.
125. A. Kaunzinger, F. Podebrad, R. Liske, B. Maas, A. Dietrich, A. Mosandl, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1995, 18, 45.
126. A. Mosandl, H. Hener, U. Hagerauer-Hener, A. Kusterman, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1989, 12, 532.
127. C. Bicchi, A. Pisciotta, J. Chromatogr. 1990, 508, 341.
128. W.A. König, B. Gehrke, D. Ischeln, P. Evers, I. Donnecke, W. Wang, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1992, 15, 367.
129. C. Askari, U. Hener, H.G. Schmarr, H.G. Rapp, A. Mosandl, Fresenius Z. Anal. Chem. 1991, 340, 768.
130. V. Karl, H.G. Schmarr, A. Mosandl, J. Chromatogr. 1991, 587, 347.
131. B. Martin, P. Etievant, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1991, 14, 133.
132. W. Bretschneider, P. Werkhoff, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1988, 11, 543.
133. R.E. Kaiser, R.L. Rieder, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1987, 10, 240.
134. W. Meier-Augenstein, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1995, 18, 28.
135. G. Full, P. Winterhalter, G. Schmidt, P. Herion, P. Schreier, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1993, 16, 642.
136. W. Jennings, T. Shibamoto, Qualitative Analysis of Flavor and Fragance Volatiles by Glass Capillary Column Gas Chromatography, Academic Press, New York, 1980.
137. R.P. Adams, Identification of Essential Oils by Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry, Academic Press, New York, 1989.
138. W. Meier-Augenstein, J. Chromatogr. 1999, 842, 351.
139. S. Nitz, B. Weinreich, F. Drawert, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1992, 15, 387.
140. D. Juchelka, T. Beck, U. Hener, F. Dettmar, A. Mosandl, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1998, 21, 145.
141. T. König, C. Ruff, M. Kleinschnitz, P. Schreier, J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 1998, 21, 371.
142. A. Mosandl, Food Rev. Int. 1995, 11(4) 597.