Nature and distribution of heavy minerals in the Natal Group, South Africa

Geological Society Special Publication

Volumn 163, Issue , 1999, Pages 311-325

  Liu, K W ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF KWAZULU NATAL   (South Africa)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FACIES; FLOODPLAIN; FLUVIAL PROCESS; HEAVY MINERAL; ORDOVICIAN;

SOUTH AFRICA;

ARCHAEA;

EID: 0033394527     PISSN: 03058719     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1144/GSL.SP.1999.163.01.24     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. COLLINS, L. B. & BAXTER, J. L. 1984. Heavy mineral-bearing strandline deposits associated with high-energy beach environments, southern Perth Basin, Western Australia. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 31, 287-292.
2. DAI, D. L. & CHEN, R. X. 1978. Grain-size Analysis of Sediments (Rocks) and its Applications. Geological Publishing House, Beijing, 1-147.
3. DE WIT, M. J. 1998. On Archaean granites, greenstones, cratons and tectonics: does the evidence demand a verdict? Precambrian Research, 91, 181-226.
4. _, ROERING, C., HART, R. J. ET AL. 1992. Formation of an Archaean continent. Nature, 357, 553-562.
5. DU TOIT, A. L. 1931. The Geology of the Country Surrounding Nkandla, Natal. Explanation Sheet 109 (Nkandla), Geological Survey of South Africa, 1-111.
6. FOCKEMA, P. D. 1986. The heavy mineral deposits north of Richards Bay. In: ANHAEUSSER, C. R. (ed.) Mineral Deposits of Southern Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, Johannesburg, 2301-2307.
7. FORCE, E. R. 1991. Geology of Titanium-Mineral Deposits. Geological Society of America, Special Papers, 259, 1-112.
8. _ & STONE, B. D. 1990. Heavy mineral dispersal and deposition in sandy deltas of glacial Lake Quinebaug, Connecticut. US Geological Survey Bulletin, 1874, 1-21.
9. FRIEDMAN, G. M. 1958. Determination of sieve-size distribution from thin-section data for sedimentary petrological studies. Journal of Geology, 66, 394-416.
10. _ 1962. Comparison of moment measures for sieving and thin-section data for sedimentary petrological studies. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 32, 15-25.
11. GOLD, D. J. C. 1993. The geological evolution of a part of the Pongola Basin, South-eastern Kaapvaal Craton. PhD thesis, University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg.
12. HAMMERBECK, E. C. I. 1976. Titanium. In: COETZEE, C. B. (ed.) Mineral Resources of the Republic of South Africa. South African Geological Survey Handbook, 7, 221-226.
13. HILLIARD, P. 1997. Structural evolution and tectonostratigraphy of the Kheis Orogen and its relationship to the south-western margin of the Kaapvaal Craton. PhD thesis, University of Durban-Westville.
14. HOBDAY, D. K. & VON BRUNN, V. 1979. Fluvial sedimentation and paleogeography of an early Palaeozoic failed rift, southeastern margin of Africa. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 28, 169-184.
15. JOHNSON, M. R. 1994. Thin section grain size analysis revisited. Sedimentology, 41, 985-999.
16. KENT, L. E. 1938. The geology of a portion of Victoria County, Natal. Transactions of the Geological Society of South Africa, 41, 1-36.
17. KINGSLEY, C. S. 1975. A new stratigraphic classification implying a lithofacies change in the Table Mountain Sandstone in southern Natal. Transactions of the Geological Society of South Africa, 78. 43-55.
18. KOMAR, P. D. & WANG, C. 1984. Processes of selective grain transport and the formation of placers on beaches. Journal of Geology, 92, 637-655.
19. _, BABA, J. & CUI, B. Q. 1984. Grain-size analyses of mica within sediments and the hydraulic equivalence of mica and quartz. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 54, 1379-1391.
20. LIU, K. W. 1997. Stratigraphy and depositional environments of the Natal Group at Park Rynie Beach, KwaZulu-Natal Province. South African Journal of Geology, 100, 137-150.
21. _ & COOPER, M. R. 1998. Tidalites in the Natal Group. South African Journal of Geology, 101, 307-312.
22. _ & GREYLING, E. H. 1996. Grain-size distribution and cementation of the Cretaceous Mzamba Formation of Eastern Cape, South Africa: a case study of a storm-influenced sediment. Sedimentary Geology, 107, 83-97.
23. MARSHALL, C. G. A. 1988. Some aspects of the Natal Group between Durban and Eshowe. Geocongress '88, Extended Abstracts, Geological Society of South Africa, Durban, 379-383.
24. _ 1989. Stratigraphy and Sedimentology of the Natal Group in the Melmoth and Hlabisa Areas. Annual Technical Report of the Geological Survey of South Africa, 101-103.
25. _ 1994. The stratigraphy of the Natal Group. MSc thesis. University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg.
26. MATHEW, D. 1971. A palaeoenvironmental study of the basal zone Table Mountain Sandstone at Kloof Gorge. Petros, 3, 6-17.
27. MATTHEWS, P. E. 1961. Slump structures in the Table Mountain Series of Natal. Transactions of the Geological Society of South Africa, 64, 55-69.
28. MCKELLAR, J. B. 1975. The eastern Australia rutile province. In: KNIGHT, C. L. (ed.) Economic Geology of Australia and Papua New Guinea. Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy Monograph, 5, 1055-1061.
29. PIRKLE, E. C., PIRKLE, W. A. & YOHO, W. H. 1974. The Green Cove Springs and Boulougne heavy-mineral sand deposits of Florida. Economic Geology, 67, 1129-1137.
30. _, _ & _ 1977. The Highland Heavy-mineral Sand Deposit on Trial Ridge in Northern Peninsular Florida. Florida Bureau of Geology Report of Investigation, 84, 1-50.
31. RAUFUSS, W. 1973. Structur, Schwermineralfuhrung, Genese, and Bergbau der sedimentaren Rutil Lagerstatten in Sierra Leone (Westafrika). Geologische Jahrbuch, Reihe D, 5, 3-52.
32. RHODES, R. C. & LEITH, M. J. 1967. Lithostratigraphic zones in the Table Mountain Series of Natal. Transactions of the Geological Society of South Africa, 70, 15-28.
33. ROBERTS, D. L. 1981. The stratigraphy and sedimentology of the Natal Group in the Durban area. MSc thesis, University of Natal, Durban.
34. _ 1990. Marine incursions in the Natal Group, eustasy or tectonism? Extended Abstracts, Geocongress '90. Geological Society of South Africa, Cape Town, 467-470.
35. SACS (SOUTH AFRICAN COMMITTEE FOR STRATIGRAPHY) 1980. Stratigraphy of South Africa. Part I: Lithostratigraphy of the Republic of South Africa, South West Africa/Namibia, and the Republics of Bophuthatswana, Transkei, and Venda. Handbook of the Geological Survey of South Africa, 8, 1-690.
36. SLINGERLAND, R. L. 1977. The effects of entrainment on the hydraulic equivalence relationships of light and heavy minerals in sands. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 47, 753-770.
37. _ 1984. Role of hydraulic sorting in the origin of fluvial placers. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 54, 137-150.
38. _ & SMITH, N. D. 1986. Occurrence and formation of water-land placers. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Science, 14, 113-147.
39. STONE, B. D. & FORCE, E. R. 1980. The Port Leyden, New York, heavy mineral deposit. New York State Museum Bulletin, 436, 57-61.
40. TANKARD, A. J., JACKSON, M. P. A., ERIKSSON, K. A., HOBDAY, D. K., HUNTER, D. R. & MINTER, W. E. L. 1982. Crustal Evolution of Southern Africa. Springer, New York, 1-523.
41. THOMAS, R. J., CORNELL, D. H., MOORE, J. M. & JACOBS, J. 1994. Crustal evolution of the Namaqua-Natal Metamorphic Province, southern Africa. South African Journal of Geology, 97, 8-14.
42. 39 Ar dating of the Natal Group, Southeast Africa: a post Pan-African molasse? Journal of African Earth Science, 15, 453-471.
43. _, VON VEH, M. W. & MCCOURT, S. 1993b. The tectonic evolution of southern Africa: an overview. Journal of African Earth Science, 16, 5-24.
44. VISHER, G. S. 1969. Grain size distribution and depositional processes. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 39(3), 1074-1106.
45. VISSER, J. N. J. 1974. The Table Mountain Group: a study in the deposition of quartz arenites on a stable shelf. Transactions of the Geological Society of South Africa, 77, 229-237.
46. WHITWORTH, H. F. 1959. The Zircon-Rutile Deposits on the Beaches of the East Coast of Australia with Special Reference to their Mode of Occurrence and the Origin of the Minerals. New South Wales Department of Mines Technical Report, 4, 7-60.