메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 19, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 517-534

Floristic comparison of freshwater wetlands in an urbanizing environment

Author keywords

Biodiversity; Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA); Hydrogeomorphic classes (HGM); Introduced species; Mean similarity dendrograms; Multiple response permutation procedures (MRPP); Native species; Oregon; TWINSPAN; Urban ecosystems; USA; Wetland mitigation

Indexed keywords

FLORISTICS; SPECIES RICHNESS; URBAN AREA; WETLAND;

EID: 0033385899     PISSN: 02775212     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/BF03161690     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (66)

References (84)
  • 1
    • 85038060830 scopus 로고
    • State of Oregon, Division of State Lands, Salem, OR, USA. OAR 141-85-005 to 141-85-090
    • Administrative Rules for Oregon's Removal-Fill Permit Program. 1986. Rules for issuance and enforcement of removal and fill permits. State of Oregon, Division of State Lands, Salem, OR, USA. OAR 141-85-005 to 141-85-090.
    • (1986) Rules for Issuance and Enforcement of Removal and Fill Permits
  • 2
    • 0003763988 scopus 로고
    • Floristic index for establishing assessment standards: A case study for Northern Ohio
    • U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS, USA
    • Andreas, B. K. and R. W. Lichvar. 1995. Floristic index for establishing assessment standards: a case study for Northern Ohio. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS, USA. Wetlands Research Program Technical Report WRP-DE-8.
    • (1995) Wetlands Research Program Technical Report WRP-DE-8
    • Andreas, B.K.1    Lichvar, R.W.2
  • 4
    • 0001890748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The need to define hydrologic equivalence at the landscape scale for freshwater wetland mitigation
    • Bedford, B. L. 1996. The need to define hydrologic equivalence at the landscape scale for freshwater wetland mitigation. Ecological Applications 6:57-68.
    • (1996) Ecological Applications , vol.6 , pp. 57-68
    • Bedford, B.L.1
  • 5
    • 0001179272 scopus 로고
    • Permutation techniques based on euclidean analysis spaces: A new and powerful statistical method for ecological research
    • Biondini, M. E., P. W. Mielke, and E. F. Redente. 1988. Permutation techniques based on euclidean analysis spaces: A new and powerful statistical method for ecological research. Coenoses 3:155-174.
    • (1988) Coenoses , vol.3 , pp. 155-174
    • Biondini, M.E.1    Mielke, P.W.2    Redente, E.F.3
  • 6
    • 0030404264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Land use and avian species diversity along an urban gradient
    • Blair, R. B. 1996. Land use and avian species diversity along an urban gradient. Ecological Applications 6:506-519.
    • (1996) Ecological Applications , vol.6 , pp. 506-519
    • Blair, R.B.1
  • 8
    • 0026302127 scopus 로고
    • Urbanization and the natural drainage system: Impacts, solutions, and prognoses
    • Booth, D. B. 1991. Urbanization and the natural drainage system: impacts, solutions, and prognoses. Northwest Environmental Journal 7:93-118.
    • (1991) Northwest Environmental Journal , vol.7 , pp. 93-118
    • Booth, D.B.1
  • 9
    • 1842358041 scopus 로고
    • Urbanization of aquatic systems: Degradation thresholds and the limits of mitigation
    • R. A. Marsten and Hasfurther (eds.) Effects of Human-induced Changes on Hydrologic Systems. Jackson Hole, WY, USA
    • Booth, D. B. and C. R. Jackson 1994. Urbanization of aquatic systems: degradation thresholds and the limits of mitigation. p. 425-433. In R. A. Marsten and Hasfurther (eds.) Effects of Human-induced Changes on Hydrologic Systems. Proceedings: Annual Summer Symposium of American Water Resources Association. Jackson Hole, WY, USA.
    • (1994) Proceedings: Annual Summer Symposium of American Water Resources Association , pp. 425-433
    • Booth, D.B.1    Jackson, C.R.2
  • 10
    • 0027805641 scopus 로고
    • A functional classification of wetland plants
    • Boutin, C. and P. A. Keddy. 1993. A functional classification of wetland plants. Journal of Vegetation Science 4:591-600.
    • (1993) Journal of Vegetation Science , vol.4 , pp. 591-600
    • Boutin, C.1    Keddy, P.A.2
  • 11
    • 0030441821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Constrained indicator species analysis (COINSPAN): An extension of TWINSPAN
    • Carleton, T. J., R. H. Stitt, and J. Nieppola. 1996. Constrained indicator species analysis (COINSPAN): an extension of TWINSPAN. Journal of Vegetation Science 7:125-130.
    • (1996) Journal of Vegetation Science , vol.7 , pp. 125-130
    • Carleton, T.J.1    Stitt, R.H.2    Nieppola, J.3
  • 13
    • 0026358787 scopus 로고
    • Oregon ecological regions and subregions for water quality management
    • Clarke, S. E., D. White, and A. L. Schaedel. 1991. Oregon ecological regions and subregions for water quality management. Environmental Management 15:847-856.
    • (1991) Environmental Management , vol.15 , pp. 847-856
    • Clarke, S.E.1    White, D.2    Schaedel, A.L.3
  • 14
    • 0027036582 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of created and natural freshwater emergent wetlands in Connecticut (USA)
    • Confer, S. R. and W. A. Niering. 1992. Comparison of created and natural freshwater emergent wetlands in Connecticut (USA). Wetlands Ecology and Management 3:143-156.
    • (1992) Wetlands Ecology and Management , vol.3 , pp. 143-156
    • Confer, S.R.1    Niering, W.A.2
  • 15
    • 0011388614 scopus 로고
    • Puget Sound Wetlands and Stormwater Management Research Program. Center for Urban Water Resources Management. University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
    • Cooke, S. S. and A. Azous. 1993. Effects of Urban Stormwater Runoff and Urbanization on Palustrine Wetland Vegetation. Puget Sound Wetlands and Stormwater Management Research Program. Center for Urban Water Resources Management. University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
    • (1993) Effects of Urban Stormwater Runoff and Urbanization on Palustrine Wetland Vegetation
    • Cooke, S.S.1    Azous, A.2
  • 17
    • 12944270493 scopus 로고
    • Endemic wetlands of the Willamette Valley, Oregon
    • U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS, USA. Technical Report WRP-RE-13
    • Davis, M. M. 1995. Endemic wetlands of the Willamette Valley, Oregon. p. 1-8. In Studies of Plant Establishment Limitations in Wetlands of the Willamette Valley, Oregon. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS, USA. Technical Report WRP-RE-13.
    • (1995) Studies of Plant Establishment Limitations in Wetlands of the Willamette Valley, Oregon , pp. 1-8
    • Davis, M.M.1
  • 18
    • 0343710381 scopus 로고
    • Oregon Department of Land Conservation and Development, Salem, OR, USA
    • DLCD. 1992. What is an urban growth boundary? Oregon Department of Land Conservation and Development, Salem, OR, USA.
    • (1992) What Is An Urban Growth Boundary?
  • 19
    • 0026282359 scopus 로고
    • Chamaecyparis thyoides wetlands and suburbanization: Effects on hydrology, water quality and plant community composition
    • Ehrenfeld, J. G. and J. P. Schneider. 1991. Chamaecyparis thyoides wetlands and suburbanization: effects on hydrology, water quality and plant community composition. Journal of Applied Ecology 28:467-490.
    • (1991) Journal of Applied Ecology , vol.28 , pp. 467-490
    • Ehrenfeld, J.G.1    Schneider, J.P.2
  • 20
    • 0038703838 scopus 로고
    • Response of forested wetland vegetation to perturbations of water chemistry and hydrology
    • Ehrenfeld, J. G. and J. P. Schneider. 1993. Response of forested wetland vegetation to perturbations of water chemistry and hydrology. Wetlands 13:122-129.
    • (1993) Wetlands , vol.13 , pp. 122-129
    • Ehrenfeld, J.G.1    Schneider, J.P.2
  • 22
  • 24
    • 0028976942 scopus 로고
    • Competitive performance and species distribution in shoreline plant communities: A comparative approach
    • Gaudet, C. L. and P. A. Keddy. 1995. Competitive performance and species distribution in shoreline plant communities: a comparative approach. Ecology 76:280-291.
    • (1995) Ecology , vol.76 , pp. 280-291
    • Gaudet, C.L.1    Keddy, P.A.2
  • 26
    • 0033384830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluating the effects of wetland regulation through hydrogeomorphic classification and landscape profiles
    • Gwin, S. E., M. E. Kentula, and P. W. Shaffer. 1999. Evaluating the effects of wetland regulation through hydrogeomorphic classification and landscape profiles. Wetlands 19: (477-489).
    • (1999) Wetlands , vol.19 , pp. 477-489
    • Gwin, S.E.1    Kentula, M.E.2    Shaffer, P.W.3
  • 27
    • 12944291517 scopus 로고
    • Oregon State Department of Agriculture and Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
    • Hawkes, R. B., L. Burrill, and L. J. Dennis. 1989. A Guide to Selected Weeds of Oregon (supplement). Oregon State Department of Agriculture and Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.
    • (1989) A Guide to Selected Weeds of Oregon , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Hawkes, R.B.1    Burrill, L.2    Dennis, L.J.3
  • 31
    • 0029197776 scopus 로고
    • Wetland degradation and loss in the rapidly urbanizing area of Portland, Oregon
    • Holland, C. C., J. E. Honea, S. E. Gwin, and M. E. Kentula. 1995. Wetland degradation and loss in the rapidly urbanizing area of Portland, Oregon. Wetlands 15:336-345.
    • (1995) Wetlands , vol.15 , pp. 336-345
    • Holland, C.C.1    Honea, J.E.2    Gwin, S.E.3    Kentula, M.E.4
  • 32
    • 0027084592 scopus 로고
    • Impacts of Section 404 permits requiring compensatory mitigation on wetlands in California (USA)
    • Holland, C. C. and M. E. Kentula. 1992. Impacts of Section 404 permits requiring compensatory mitigation on wetlands in California (USA). Wetlands Ecology and Management 2:157-169.
    • (1992) Wetlands Ecology and Management , vol.2 , pp. 157-169
    • Holland, C.C.1    Kentula, M.E.2
  • 34
    • 0002498631 scopus 로고
    • Choosing indicators of ecosystem integrity: Wetlands as a model system
    • S. Woodley, J. Kay, G. Francis (eds.) St. Lucie Press, Boca Raton, FL, USA
    • Keddy, P. A., H. T. Lee, and I. C. Wisheu. 1993. Choosing indicators of ecosystem integrity: wetlands as a model system. p. 61-79. In S. Woodley, J. Kay, G. Francis (eds.) Ecological Integrity and the Management of Ecosystems. St. Lucie Press, Boca Raton, FL, USA.
    • (1993) Ecological Integrity and the Management of Ecosystems , pp. 61-79
    • Keddy, P.A.1    Lee, H.T.2    Wisheu, I.C.3
  • 35
    • 0026525305 scopus 로고
    • Trends and patterns in Section 404 permitting requiring compensatory mitigation in Oregon and Washington, USA
    • Kentula, M. E., J. C. Sifneos, J. W. Good, M. Rylko, and K. Kunz. 1992a. Trends and patterns in Section 404 permitting requiring compensatory mitigation in Oregon and Washington, USA. Environmental Management 16:109-119.
    • (1992) Environmental Management , vol.16 , pp. 109-119
    • Kentula, M.E.1    Sifneos, J.C.2    Good, J.W.3    Rylko, M.4    Kunz, K.5
  • 37
    • 0006524186 scopus 로고
    • Options to be considered in preparation and evaluation of mitigation plans
    • J. A. Kusler and M. E. Kentula (eds.) Island Press, Washington, DC, USA
    • Kruczynski, W. L. 1990. Options to be considered in preparation and evaluation of mitigation plans. p. 555-570. In J. A. Kusler and M. E. Kentula (eds.) Wetland Creation and Restoration: The Status of the Science. Island Press, Washington, DC, USA.
    • (1990) Wetland Creation and Restoration: The Status of the Science , pp. 555-570
    • Kruczynski, W.L.1
  • 38
    • 1242316433 scopus 로고
    • Urban wetlands and urban riparian habitat: Battleground or creative challenge for the 1990's?
    • J. A. Kusler, S. Daly, and G. Brooks (eds.) Association of Wetland Managers, Berne, NY, USA
    • Kusler, J. A. 1988. Urban wetlands and urban riparian habitat: battleground or creative challenge for the 1990's? p. 2-7. In J. A. Kusler, S. Daly, and G. Brooks (eds.) Proceedings of the National Wetland Symposium: Urban Wetlands. Association of Wetland Managers, Berne, NY, USA.
    • (1988) Proceedings of the National Wetland Symposium: Urban Wetlands , pp. 2-7
    • Kusler, J.A.1
  • 39
    • 0025680610 scopus 로고
    • Patterns of fish spawning in Hudson River tributaries: Response to an urban gradient?
    • Limburg, K. E. and R. E. Schmidt. 1990. Patterns of fish spawning in Hudson River tributaries: response to an urban gradient? Ecology 71:1238-1245.
    • (1990) Ecology , vol.71 , pp. 1238-1245
    • Limburg, K.E.1    Schmidt, R.E.2
  • 42
    • 0000873111 scopus 로고
    • Reed canarygrass
    • M. E. Heath, R. F. Barnes, and D. S. Metcalfe (eds.) Iowa State University Press, Ames, IA, USA
    • Marten, G. C. 1985. Reed canarygrass. p. 207-216. In M. E. Heath, R. F. Barnes, and D. S. Metcalfe (eds.) Forages: the Science of Grassland Agriculture. Iowa State University Press, Ames, IA, USA.
    • (1985) Forages: The Science of Grassland Agriculture , pp. 207-216
    • Marten, G.C.1
  • 43
    • 0000169028 scopus 로고
    • The use of urban gradients in ecological studies
    • Matson, P. 1990. The use of urban gradients in ecological studies. Ecology 71:1231.
    • (1990) Ecology , vol.71 , pp. 1231
    • Matson, P.1
  • 44
    • 12944257356 scopus 로고
    • Exotic plants that occur in New Jersey wetlands
    • J. A. Kusler, S. Daly, and G. Brooks (eds.) Association of Wetland Managers, Berne, NY, USA
    • McColligan, E. T. and M. L. Kraus. 1988. Exotic plants that occur in New Jersey wetlands. p. 31-37. In J. A. Kusler, S. Daly, and G. Brooks (eds.) Proceedings of the National Wetland Symposium: Urban Wetlands. Association of Wetland Managers, Berne, NY, USA.
    • (1988) Proceedings of the National Wetland Symposium: Urban Wetlands , pp. 31-37
    • McColligan, E.T.1    Kraus, M.L.2
  • 46
    • 0025693363 scopus 로고
    • Ecosystem structure and function along urban-rural gradients: An unexploited opportunity for ecology
    • McDonnell, M. J. and S. T. A. Pickett. 1990. Ecosystem structure and function along urban-rural gradients: an unexploited opportunity for ecology. Ecology 71:1232-1237.
    • (1990) Ecology , vol.71 , pp. 1232-1237
    • McDonnell, M.J.1    Pickett, S.T.A.2
  • 47
    • 0024197263 scopus 로고
    • Plant species-richness and invasion by exotics in relation to disturbance of wetland communities on the Riverine Plain, NSW
    • McIntyre, S., P. Y. Ladiges, and G. Adams. 1988. Plant species-richness and invasion by exotics in relation to disturbance of wetland communities on the Riverine Plain, NSW. Australian Journal of Ecology 113:361-373.
    • (1988) Australian Journal of Ecology , vol.113 , pp. 361-373
    • McIntyre, S.1    Ladiges, P.Y.2    Adams, G.3
  • 48
  • 49
    • 12944327923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth concept map
    • Portland, OR, USA. Fall 1996/Winter 1997
    • Metro. 1997. Growth concept map. Metro 2040 Framework Update, Portland, OR, USA. Fall 1996/Winter 1997:8.
    • (1997) Metro 2040 Framework Update , pp. 8
  • 50
    • 0002738231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improving the success of wetland creation and restoration with know-how, time, and self-design
    • Mitsch, W. J. and R. F. Wilson. 1996. Improving the success of wetland creation and restoration with know-how, time, and self-design. Ecological Applications 6:177-183.
    • (1996) Ecological Applications , vol.6 , pp. 177-183
    • Mitsch, W.J.1    Wilson, R.F.2
  • 51
    • 85038058388 scopus 로고
    • Wildlife and urban wetlands
    • J. A. Kusler, S. Daly, and G. Brooks (eds.) Association of Wetland Managers, Berne, NY, USA
    • Myers, J. P. 1988. Wildlife and urban wetlands. p. 28-30. In J. A. Kusler, S. Daly, and G. Brooks (eds.) Proceedings of the National Wetland Symposium: Urban Wetlands. Association of Wetland Managers, Berne, NY, USA.
    • (1988) Proceedings of the National Wetland Symposium: Urban Wetlands , pp. 28-30
    • Myers, J.P.1
  • 55
    • 0003446330 scopus 로고
    • National Research Council. National Academy Press, Washington, DC, USA
    • NRC. 1995. Wetlands: Characteristics and Boundaries. National Research Council. National Academy Press, Washington, DC, USA.
    • (1995) Wetlands: Characteristics and Boundaries
  • 56
    • 85038062011 scopus 로고
    • Noxious Weed Control Program, Oregon State Department of Agriculture, Salem, OR, USA
    • Oregon State Department of Agriculture. 1994. Noxious weed policy and classification system. Noxious Weed Control Program, Oregon State Department of Agriculture, Salem, OR, USA.
    • (1994) Noxious Weed Policy and Classification System
  • 57
    • 85038068518 scopus 로고
    • Environmental Permits Section, State of Oregon, Division of State Lands, Salem, OR, USA. O.R.S. 541.606-541.695 and 541.990
    • Oregon Statutes. 1989. Removal-fill law. Environmental Permits Section, State of Oregon, Division of State Lands, Salem, OR, USA. O.R.S. 541.606-541.695 and 541.990.
    • (1989) Removal-fill Law
  • 58
    • 0027332774 scopus 로고
    • Putting things in even better order: The advantages of canonical correspondence analysis
    • Palmer, M. W. 1993. Putting things in even better order: the advantages of canonical correspondence analysis. Ecology 74:2215-2230.
    • (1993) Ecology , vol.74 , pp. 2215-2230
    • Palmer, M.W.1
  • 59
    • 0028160472 scopus 로고
    • Environmental effects of forest soil-invertebrate and fungal densities in oak stands along an urban-rural land use gradient
    • Pouyat, R. V., R. W. Parmelee, and M. M. Carreiro. 1994. Environmental effects of forest soil-invertebrate and fungal densities in oak stands along an urban-rural land use gradient. Pedobiologia 38:385-399.
    • (1994) Pedobiologia , vol.38 , pp. 385-399
    • Pouyat, R.V.1    Parmelee, R.W.2    Carreiro, M.M.3
  • 60
    • 0003903764 scopus 로고
    • U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, National Wetlands Inventory. St. Petersburg, FL, USA. Biological Report NERC-88/18.37
    • Reed, P. B., Jr. 1988. National List of Plant Species that Occur in Wetlands: Oregon. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, National Wetlands Inventory. St. Petersburg, FL, USA. Biological Report NERC-88/18.37.
    • (1988) National List of Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands: Oregon
    • Reed Jr., P.B.1
  • 63
    • 0028888471 scopus 로고
    • Amphibian occurrence and wetland characteristics in the Puget Sound Basin
    • Richter, K. O. and A. L. Azous. 1995. Amphibian occurrence and wetland characteristics in the Puget Sound Basin. Wetlands 15: 305-312.
    • (1995) Wetlands , vol.15 , pp. 305-312
    • Richter, K.O.1    Azous, A.L.2
  • 64
    • 0001914836 scopus 로고
    • Forty-eight years of canopy change in a hardwood-hemlock forest in New York City
    • Rudnicky, J. L. and M. J. McDonnell. 1989. Forty-eight years of canopy change in a hardwood-hemlock forest in New York City. Bulletin of the Torrey Botany Club 116:52-64.
    • (1989) Bulletin of the Torrey Botany Club , vol.116 , pp. 52-64
    • Rudnicky, J.L.1    McDonnell, M.J.2
  • 66
    • 0033385127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of wetland hydrology using hydrogeomorphic classification
    • Shaffer, P. W., M. E. Kentula, and S. E. Gwin. 1999. Characterization of wetland hydrology using hydrogeomorphic classification. Wetlands 19:(490-504).
    • (1999) Wetlands , vol.19 , pp. 490-504
    • Shaffer, P.W.1    Kentula, M.E.2    Gwin, S.E.3
  • 67
    • 0001802594 scopus 로고
    • Effects of Section 404 permitting on freshwater wetlands in Louisiana, Alabama, and Mississippi
    • Sifneos, J. C., E. W. Cake, Jr., and M. E. Kentula. 1992a. Effects of Section 404 permitting on freshwater wetlands in Louisiana, Alabama, and Mississippi. Wetlands 12:28-36.
    • (1992) Wetlands , vol.12 , pp. 28-36
    • Sifneos, J.C.1    Cake Jr., E.W.2    Kentula, M.E.3
  • 68
    • 0008027450 scopus 로고
    • Impacts of Section 404 permits requiring compensatory mitigation of freshwater wetlands in Texas and Arkansas
    • Sifneos, J. C., M. E. Kentula, and P. Price. 1992b. Impacts of Section 404 permits requiring compensatory mitigation of freshwater wetlands in Texas and Arkansas. Texas Journal of Science 44:475-485.
    • (1992) Texas Journal of Science , vol.44 , pp. 475-485
    • Sifneos, J.C.1    Kentula, M.E.2    Price, P.3
  • 69
    • 0002470782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional equivalency trajectories of the restored Gog-Le-Hi-Te estuarine wetland
    • Simenstad, C. A. and R. M. Thom. 1996. Functional equivalency trajectories of the restored Gog-Le-Hi-Te estuarine wetland. Ecological Applications 6:38-56.
    • (1996) Ecological Applications , vol.6 , pp. 38-56
    • Simenstad, C.A.1    Thom, R.M.2
  • 72
    • 0022843649 scopus 로고
    • Canonical correspondence analysis: A new eigenvector technique for multivariate direct gradient analysis
    • ter Braak, C. J. F. 1986. Canonical correspondence analysis: a new eigenvector technique for multivariate direct gradient analysis. Ecology 67:1167-1179.
    • (1986) Ecology , vol.67 , pp. 1167-1179
    • Ter Braak, C.J.F.1
  • 73
    • 0023482416 scopus 로고
    • The analysis of vegetation-environment relationships by canonical correspondence analysis
    • ter Braak, C. J. E 1987. The analysis of vegetation-environment relationships by canonical correspondence analysis. Vegetatio 69: 69-70.
    • (1987) Vegetatio , vol.69 , pp. 69-70
    • Ter Braak, C.J.E.1
  • 76
    • 0028995014 scopus 로고
    • Canonical correspondence analysis and related multivariate methods in aquatic ecology
    • ter Braak, C. J. F. and P. F. M. Verdonschot. 1995. Canonical correspondence analysis and related multivariate methods in aquatic ecology. Aquatic Science 57:255-289.
    • (1995) Aquatic Science , vol.57 , pp. 255-289
    • Ter Braak, C.J.F.1    Verdonschot, P.F.M.2
  • 77
    • 0003424902 scopus 로고
    • U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, USA. OTA-F-565
    • U.S. Congress, Office of Technology Assessment. 1993. Harmful Non-indigenous Species in the United States. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, USA. OTA-F-565.
    • (1993) Harmful Non-indigenous Species in the United States
  • 78
    • 85038070470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Department of the Army and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1990. Unpublished memorandum of agreement concerning the determination of mitigation under the Clean Water Act Section 404(b) (1) guidelines, p. 5-6. Washington, DC, USA
    • U.S. Department of the Army and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1990. Unpublished memorandum of agreement concerning the determination of mitigation under the Clean Water Act Section 404(b) (1) guidelines, p. 5-6. Washington, DC, USA.
  • 80
    • 85038055668 scopus 로고
    • Plant Sciences Division, Washington State Department of Agriculture, Seattle, WA, USA
    • Washington State Department of Agriculture. 1992. Plant Quarantine Manual. Plant Sciences Division, Washington State Department of Agriculture, Seattle, WA, USA.
    • (1992) Plant Quarantine Manual
  • 83
    • 0342413336 scopus 로고
    • Pest plant and seed bank reduction
    • Wetlands Research Program. U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Vicksburg, MS, USA. Technical Report WRP-RE-13
    • Wilson, M. V., C. A. Ingersoll, and M. G. Wilson. 1995. Pest plant and seed bank reduction, p. 9-24. In Studies of Plant Establishment Limitations in Wetlands of the Willamette Valley, Oregon. Wetlands Research Program. U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Vicksburg, MS, USA. Technical Report WRP-RE-13.
    • (1995) Studies of Plant Establishment Limitations in Wetlands of the Willamette Valley, Oregon , pp. 9-24
    • Wilson, M.V.1    Ingersoll, C.A.2    Wilson, M.G.3
  • 84
    • 0000856509 scopus 로고
    • Use of an improved statistical method for group comparisons to study effects of prairie fire
    • Zimmerman, G. M., H. Goetz, and P. W. Mielke, Jr. 1985. Use of an improved statistical method for group comparisons to study effects of prairie fire. Ecology 66:606-611.
    • (1985) Ecology , vol.66 , pp. 606-611
    • Zimmerman, G.M.1    Goetz, H.2    Mielke Jr., P.W.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.