Cholesterol paradox in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation

Cardiology

Volumn 92, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 21-27

  Annoura, Miyuki ^a   Ogawa, Masahiro ^a   Kumagai, Koichiro ^a   Zhang, Bo ^a   Saku, Keijiro ^a   Arakawa, Kikuo ^a  

^a FUKUOKA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (Japan)

Author keywords

Cholesterol; High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL C); Lipids; Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF)

Indexed keywords

CHOLESTEROL; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; LIPID; TRIACYLGLYCEROL;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; CONTROLLED STUDY; COVARIANCE; ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY; FEMALE; HEART ATRIUM FIBRILLATION; HUMAN; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; RISK FACTOR; TRIACYLGLYCEROL BLOOD LEVEL;

EID: 0033382321     PISSN: 00086312     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1159/000006942     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Lipid Research Clinics Program: The lipid research clinics coronary primary prevention trial results I. Reduction in incidence of coronary heart disease. JAMA 1984;251:351-364.
2. Lipid Research Clinics Program: The lipid research clinics coronary primary prevention trial results II. The relationship of reduction in incidence of coronary heart disease to cholesterol lowering. JAMA 1984;251:365-374.
3. Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study Group: Randomised trial of cholesterol lowering in 4444 patients with coronary heart disease: the Scandinavian simvastatin survival study (4S). Lancet 1994;344:1383-1389.
4. Shepherd J, Cobbe SM, Ford I, Isles CG, Lorimer AR, MacFarlane PW, McKillop JH, Packard CJ: Prevention of coronary heart disease with pravastatin in men with hypercholesterolemia. N Engl J Med 1995;333:1301-1307.
5. Byington RP, Jukema JW, Salonen JT, Pitt B, Bruschke AV, Hoen H, Furberg CD, Mancini GB: Reduction in cardiovascular events during pravastatin therapy. Pooled analysis of clinical events of the Pravastatin Atherosclerosis Intervention Program. Circulation 1995;92:2419-2425.
6. Gordon DJ, Rifkind BM: High-density lipoprotein - the clinical implications of recent studies. N Engl J Med 1989;321:1311-1316.
7. Gordon DJ, Probstfield JL, Garrison RJ, Neaton JD, Castelli WP, Knoke JD, Jacobs DR, Jr, Bangdiwala S, Tyroler HA: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol and cardiovascular disease. Four prospective American studies. Circulation 1989;79:8-15.
8. Paszty C, Maeda N, Verstuyft J, Rubin EM: Apolipoprotein AI transgene corrects apolipoprotein E deficiency-induced atherosclerosis in mice. J Clin Invest 1994;94:899-903.
9. Tall AR: An overview of reverse cholesterol transport. Eur Heart J 1998;19:A31-A35.
10. Rubin EM, Krauss RM, Spangler EA, Verstuyft JG, Clift SM: Inhibition of early atherogenesis in transgenic mice by human apolipoprotein AI. Nature 1991;353:265-267.
11. Plump AS, Scott CJ, Breslow JL: Human apolipoprotein A-I gene expression increases high density lipoprotein and suppresses atherosclerosis in the apolipoprotein E-deficient mouse. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1994;91:9607-9611.
12. Plump AS, Erickson SK, Weng W, Partin JS, Breslow JL, Williams DL: Apolipoprotein A-I is required for cholesteryl ester accumulation in steroidogenic cells and for normal adrenal steroid production. J Clin Invest 1996;97: 2660-2671.
13. Shepherd J, Packard CJ: High density lipoprotein metabolism; in Catapano AL, Bernini F, Corsini A (eds): Atherosclerosis Reviews. New York, Raven Press, 1993, vol. 24, pp 17-41.
14. More RS, Brack MJ, Gershlick AH: Lone atrial fibrillation and anticoagulant therapy. Clin Cardiol 1993;16:504-506.
15. Wolf PA, Abbott RD, Kannel WB: Atrial fibrillation as an independent risk factor for stroke: The Framingham Study. Stroke 1991;22:983-988.
16. Rowlands DJ: Stroke and non-rheumatic atrial fibrillation: when should anticoagulants be used in patients with non-rheumatic atrial fibrillation?; in Rowlands DJ (eds): Recent Advances in Cardiology. New York, Churchill Livingstone, 1996, vol 12, pp 181-192.
17. Warfarin or aspirin for non-rheumatic atrial fibrillation? [published erratum appears in Drug Ther Bull 1994 Oct 20;32(10):80]. Drug Ther Bull 1994;32:57-60.
18. Montereggi A, Marconi P, Olivotto I, Castelli G, Dolara A, Luisi ML, Gheri RG: Signal-averaged P-wave duration and risk of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in hyperthyroidism. Am J Cardiol 1996;77:266-269.
19. Brindley DN, Salter AM: Hormonal regulation of the hepatic low density lipoprotein receptor and the catabolism of low density lipoproteins: relationship with secretion of very low density lipoproteins. Prog Lipid Res 1991;30:349-360.
20. Staels B, van Tol A, Chan L, Will H, Verhoeven G, Auwerx J: Alteration in thyroid status modulate apolipoprotein, hepatic triglyceride lipase, and low density receptor in rats. Endocrinology 1990;127:1144-1152.
21. Constant J: Alcohol, ischemic heart disease, and the French paradox. Clin Cardiol 1997;20: 420-424.
22. Balkau B, Eschwege F, Eschwege E: Ischemic heart disease and alcohol-related causes of death: a view of the French paradox. Ann Epidemiol 1997;7:490-497.
23. Kumagai K, Akimitsu S, Kawahira K, Kawanami F, Yamanouchi Y, Hiroki T, Arakawa K: Electrophysiological properties in chronic lone atrial fibrillation. Circulation 1991;84:1662-1668.
24. Judkins MP: A percutaneous transfemoral technique. Radiology 1967;89:815-821.
25. Saku K, Jimi S, Sasaki N, Nii T, Shirai K, Koga N, Arakawa K: Reduced coronary vasodilation in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia following intracoronary injection of isosorbide dinitrate. Jpn Circ J 1995;59:808-814.
26. 2+, and an anion-exchange resin. Clin Chem 1978;24:1504-1508.
27. SAS Procedures Guide, Version 6, ed 3. Cary, SAS Institute, 1990, pp 209-634.
28. SAS/STAT User's Guide, Version 6, ed 2. Cary, SAS Institute, pp 1990, pp 891-1210.
29. SAS/STAT Software: Changes and Enhancements through Release 6.11. Cary, SAS Institute, 1996, pp 317-314.
30. Tiihonen M, Liewendahl K, Waltimo O, Ojala M, Valimaki M: Thyroid status of patients receiving long-term anticonvulsant therapy assessed by peripheral parameters: A placebo-controlled thyroxine therapy trial. Epilepsia 1995;36:1118-1125.
31. Saku K, Zhang B, Hirata K, Liu R, Ying H, Sakai T, Arakawa K: Effect of non-selective beta adrenergic blocker slow-release carteolol on serum lipids, lipoproteins and apolipoproteins in mild to moderate essential hypertension. J Drug Develop 1992;5:23-26.
32. Saku K, Liu K, Takeda Y, Jimi S, Arakawa K: Effects of lisinopril and bisoprolol on lipoprotein metabolism in patients with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension. Clin Ther 1995; 17:1136-1146.
33. Saku K, Zhang B, Ohta T, Arakawa K: Quantity and function of high density lipoprotein as an indicator for coronary atherosclerosis. J Am Coll Cardiol 1999;33:436-443.
34. Takeda Y, Saku K, Zhang B, Jimi S, Shirai K, Itabe H, Arakawa K: Plasma levels of oxidatively modified LDL modify the low HDL-associated risk of CHD (abstract). Circulation 1998;17:1-535 (# 2811).
35. Johnson WJ, Mahlberg FH, Rothblat GH, Phillips MC: Cholesterol transport between cells and high-density lipoproteins. Biochim Biophys Acta 1991;1085:273-298.
36. Sasaki N, Saku K, Moroe K, Zhang B, Hirata K, Liu R, Arakawa K: Long-term administration of probucol and QTc interval prolongation. Artery 1993;20:115-121.
37. Browne KF, Prystowsky EN, Heger JJ, Cerimele BJ, Fineberg N, Zipes DP: Prolongation of the QT interval induced by probucol: demonstration of a method for determining QT interval change induced by a drug. Am Heart J 1984;107:680-684.
38. Ou J, Saku K, Jimi S, Ohta T, Zhang B, Pownall HJ, Shimada Y, Tsujita Y, Arakawa K: Mechanism of action of probucol on cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) mRNA in a Chinese hamster ovary cell line that had been stably transfected with a human CETP gene. Biochim Biophys Acta 1998;1393:153-160.
39. Podlaha R, Falk A: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus and other risk factors of atherosclerosis in bradycardia requiring pacemaker treatment. Horm Metab Res Suppl 1992;26:84-87.
40. Shiroyama T, Matsuo R, Imai Y, Matoba Y, Inoue K, Higashi A, Nakagawa M: Effect of dietary fat on the electrophysiological changes in the atrium (abstract). Jpn Circ J 1998;62:P-642.
41. Harmsen P, Rosengren A, Tsipogianni A, Wilhelmsen L: Risk factors for stroke in middle-aged men in Goteborg, Sweden. Stroke 1990; 21:223-229.
42. Jorgensen HS, Nakayama H, Reith J, Raaschou HO, Olsen TS: Stroke recurrence: predictors, severity, and prognosis. The Copenhagen Stroke Study. Neurology 1997;48:891-895.
43. Simons LA, McCallum J, Friedlander Y, Simons J: Risk factors for ischemic stroke: Dubbo Study of the elderly. Stroke 1998;29:1341-1346.
44. Aronow WS, Ahn C, Kronzon I, Gutstein H: Risk factors for new thromboembolic stroke in patients > or = 62 years of age with chronic atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol 1998;82:119-121.
45. Knuiman MW, Vu HT: Risk factors for stroke mortality in men and women: The Busselton Study. J Cardiovasc Risk 1996;3:447-452.
46. Psaty BM, Manolio TA, Kuller LH, Kronmal RA, Cushman M, Fried LP, White R, Furberg CD, Rautaharju PM: Incidence of and risk factors for atrial fibrillation in older adults. Circulation 1997;96:2455-2461.
47. Marini C, Napoli M, Carolei A: Effect of cholesterol on prognosis may rely on negative association with atrial fibrillation (letter). Br Med J 1997;315:1159.