Detection of cytokeratin dynamics by time-lapse fluorescence microscopy in living cells

Journal of Cell Science

Volumn 112, Issue 24, 1999, Pages 4521-4534

  Windoffer, Reinhard ^a   Leube, Rudolf E ^a  

^a JOHANNES GUTENBERG UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

Author keywords

Cytokeratin; Cytoskeleton; GFP; Intermediate filament; Mitosis

Indexed keywords

CYTOCHALASIN D; CYTOKERATIN; GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; HYBRID PROTEIN; NOCODAZOLE;

ARTICLE; CARCINOMA CELL; CELL ULTRASTRUCTURE; FLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPY; INTERMEDIATE FILAMENT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; THIN FILAMENT;

CELL LINE; DNA, COMPLEMENTARY; GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEINS; HUMANS; INTERPHASE; KERATINS; LUMINESCENT PROTEINS; MICROSCOPY, FLUORESCENCE; MICROSCOPY, IMMUNOELECTRON; MICROTUBULES; MITOSIS; TRANSFECTION;

EID: 0033375650     PISSN: 00219533     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (75)

1. Albers, K. and Fuchs, E. (1989). Expression of mutant keratin cDNAs in epithelial cells reveals possible mechanisms for initiation and assembly of intermediate filaments. J. Cell Biol. 108, 1477-1493.
2. Aubin, J. E., Osborn, M., Franke, W. W. and Weber, K. (1980). Intermediate filaments of the vimentin-type and the cytokeratin-type are distributed differently during mitosis. Exp. Cell Res. 129, 149-165.
3. Bachant, J. B. and Klymkowsky, M. W. (1996). A nometrameric species is the major soluble form of keratin in Xenopus oocytes and rabbit reticulocyte lysates. J. Cell Biol. 132, 153-165.
4. Bologna, M., Allen, R. and Dulbecco, R. (1986). Organisation of cytokeratin bundles by desmosomes in rat mammary cells. J. Cell Biol. 102, 560-567.
5. Bornslaeger, E. A., Kowalczyk, A. P., Meng, J.-J., Ip, W. and Green, K. J. (1997). The role of the desmosomal plaque protein desmoplakin in intermediate filament anchorage and junction assembly. In Cytoskeletal-Membrane Interactions and Signal Transduction (ed. P. Cowin and M. W. Klymkowsky), pp. 181-198. Heidelberg: Springer.
6. Brown, D. T., Anderton, B. H. and Wylie, C. C. (1983). Alterations in the organisation of cytokeratin filaments in normal and malignant human colonic epithelial cells during mitosis. Cell Tissue Res. 233, 619-628.
7. Celis, J. E., Larsen, P. M., Fey, S. J. and Celis, A. (1983). Phosphorylation of keratin and vimentin polypeptides in normal and transformed mitotic human epithelial amnion cells: behavior of keratin and vimentin filaments during mitosis. J. Cell Biol. 97, 1429-1434.
8. Celis, J. E., Small, J. V., Larsen, P. M., Fey, S. J., De Mey, J. and Celis, A. (1984). Intermediate filaments in monkey kidney TC7 cells: focal centers and interrelationship with other cytoskeletal systems. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 81, 1117-1121.
9. Chou, C.-F., Riopel, C. L., Rott, L. S. and Omary, M. B. (1993). A significant soluble keratin fraction in 'simple' epithelial cells. Lack of an apparent phosphorylation and glycosylation role in keratin solubility. J. Cell Sci. 105, 433-444.
10. Deery, W. J. (1993). Role of phosphorylation in keratin and vimentin filament integrity in cultured thyroid epithelial cells. Cell Motil. Cytoskel. 26, 325-339.
11. 1 cytoskeletons: evidence for an intermediate filament organizing center. J. Cell Biol. 92, 575-578.
12. Eger, A., Stockinger, A., Wiche, G. and Foisner R. (1997). Polarisation-dependent association of plectin with desmoplakin and the lateral submembrane skeleton in MDCK cells. J. Cell Sci. 110, 1307-1316.
13. Eriksson, J. E., Opal, P. and Goldman, R. D. (1992). Intermediate filament dynamics. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 4, 99-104.
14. Foisner, R., Leichtfried, F. E., Herrmann, H., Small, J. V., Lawson, D. and Wiche, G. (1988). Cytoskeleton-associated plectin: in situ localization, in vitro reconstitution, and binding to immobilized intermediate filament proteins. J. Cell Biol. 106, 723-733.
15. Franke, W. W., Schmid, E., Osborn, M. and Weber, K. (1978a). Different intermediate-sized filaments distinguished by immunofluorescence microscopy. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 75, 5034-5038.
16. Franke, W. W., Weber, K., Osborn, M., Schmid, E. and Freudenstein, C. (1978b). Antibody to prekeratin. Decoration of tonofilament-like arrays in various cells of epithelial character. Exp. Cell Res. 116, 429-445.
17. Franke, W. W., Schmid, E., Grund, C. and Geiger, B. (1982). Intermediate filament proteins in nonfilamentous structures: transient disintegration and inclusion of subunit proteins in granular aggregates. Cell 30, 103-113.
18. 2 cells. J. Cell Biol. 97, 1255-1260.
19. Franke, W. W., Schmid, E., Mittnacht, S., Grund, C. and Jorcano, J. L. (1984). Integration of different keratins into the same filament system after microinjection of mRNA for epidermal keratins into kidney epithelial cells. Cell 36, 813-825.
20. Franke, W. W., Winter, S., Schmid, E., Söllner, P., Hämmerling, G. and Achtstätter, T. (1987). Monoclonal cytokeratin antibody recognizing a heterotypic complex: imimmological probing of conformational states of cytoskeletal proteins in filaments and in solution. Exp. Cell Res. 173, 17-37.
21. Fuchs, E. and Weber, K. (1994). Intermediate filaments: structure, dynamics, function and disease. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 63, 345-382.
22. Fuchs, E., Yang, Y., Dowling, J., Yu, Q.-C. and Guo, L. (1997). Intermediate filament cytoarchitecture and BPAG1: a gene encoding two different types of intermediate linker proteins. In Cytoskeletal-Membrane Interactions and Signal Transduction (ed. P. Cowin and M. W. Klymkowsky), pp. 167-180. Heidelberg: Springer.
23. Fuchs, E. and Cleveland, D. W. (1998). A structural scaffolding of intermediate filaments in health and disease. Science 279, 514-519.
24. Gard, D. L., Cha, B. J. and King, E. (1997). The organization and animal-vegetal asymmetry of cytokeratin filaments in stage VI Xenopus oocytes is dependent upon f-actin and microtubules. Dev. Biol. 184, 95-114.
25. Gard, D. L. and Klymkowsky, M. W. (1998). Intermediate filament organization during oogenesis and early development in the clawed frog, Xenopus laevis. In Intermediate Filaments (ed. H. Herrmann and J. R. Harris), pp. 35-70. New York: Plenum Press.
26. Gerdes, H.-H. and Kaether, C. (1996). Green fluorescent protein: applications in cell biology. FEBS Lett. 389, 44-47.
27. Green, K. J., Geiger, B., Jones, J. C. R., Talian, J. C. and Goldman, R. D. (1987). The relationship between intermediate filaments and microfilaments before and during the formation of desmosomes and adherens-type junctions in mouse epidermal keratinocytes. J. Cell Biol. 104, 1389-1402.
28. Hatzfeld, M. (1997). Band 6 protein and cytoskeletal organization. In Cytoskeletal-Membrane Interactions and Signal Transduction (ed. P. Cowin and M. W. Klymkowsky), pp. 49-60. Heidelberg: Springer.
29. Heim, R., Prasher, D. C. and Tsien, R. Y. (1994). Wavelength mutations and posttranslational autoxidation of green fluorescent protein. Proc Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 12501-12504.
30. Herrmann, H. and Aebi, U. (1998). Structure, assembly and dynamics of intermediate filaments. In Intermediate Filaments (ed. H. Herrmann and J. R. Harris), pp. 319-362. New York: Plenum Press.
31. Hirokawa, N., Tilney, L. G., Fujiwara, K. and Heuser, J. K. (1982). Organization of actin, myosin, and intermediate filaments in the brush border of intestinal epithelial cells. J. Cell Biol. 94, 425-443.
32. Ho, C.-L., Martys, J. L., Mikhailov, A., Gundersen, G. G. and Liem, R. K. H. (1998). Novel features of intermediate filament dynamics revealed by green fluorescent protein chimeras. J. Cell Sci. 111, 1767-1778.
33. Hofmann, I. and Franke, W. W. (1997). Heterotypic interactions and filament assembly of type I and type II cytokeratins in vitro: viscometry and determinations of relative affinities. Eur. J. Cell Biol. 72, 122-132.
34. Horwitz, B., Kupfer, H., Eshhar, Z. and Geiger, B. (1981). Reorganization of arrays of prekeratin filaments during mitosis. Exp. Cell Res. 134, 281-290.
35. Jones, J. C. R., Goldman, A., Yang, H.-Y. and Goldman, R. D. (1985) The organizational fate of intermediate filament networks in two epithelial cell types during mitosis. J. Cell Biol. 100, 93-102.
36. Kitajima, Y., Inoue, S., Yoneda, K., Mori, S. and Yaoita, H. (1985). Alteration in the arrangement of the keratin-type intermediate filaments during mitosis in cultured human keratinocytes. Eur. J. Cell Biol. 38, 219-225.
37. Kitajima, Y., Inoue, S. and Yaoita, H. (1986). Reorganization of keratin intermediate filaments by the drug-induced disruption of microfilaments in cultured human keratinocytes. J. InveSt Dermatol. 87, 565-569.
38. Klymkowsky, M. W., Maynell, L. A. and Nislow, C. (1991). Cytokeratin phosphorylation, cytokeratin filament severing and the solubilization of the maternal mRNA Vg1. J. Cell Biol. 114, 787-797.
39. Kreis, T. E., Geiger, B., Schmid, E., Jorcano, J. L. and Franke, W. W. (1983). De novo synthesis and specific assembly of keratin filaments in nonepithelial cells after microinjection of mRNA for epidermal keratin. Cell 32, 1125-1137.
40. Ku, N. O., Liao, J. and Omary, M. B. (1998). Phosphorylation of human keratin 18 serine 33 regulates binding to 14-3-3 proteins. EMBO J. 17, 1892-1906.
41. Kuruc, N., Leube, R. E., Moll, I., Bader, B. L. and Franke, W. W. (1989). Synthesis of cytokeratin 13, a component characteristic of internal stratified epithelia, is not induced in human epidermal tumors. Differentiation 42, 111-12.3.
42. Lai, Y.-K., Lee, W.-C. and Chen, K.-D. (1993). Vimentin serves as a phosphate sink during the apparent activation of protein kinases by okadaic acid in mammalian cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 53, 161-168.
43. Lane, E. B., Goodman, S. L. and Trejdosiewicz, L. K. (1982). Disruption of the keratin filament network during epithelial cell division. EMBO J. 1, 1365-1372.
44. Lawrence, J. B. and Singer, R. H. (1986). Intracellular localization of messenger RNAs for cytoskeletal proteins. Cell 45, 407-415.
45. Leube, R. E., Bader, B. L., Bosch, F. X., Zimbelmann, R., Achtstaetter, T. and Franke, W. W. (1988). Molecular characterization and expression of the stratification-related cytokeratins 4 and 15. J. Cell Biol. 106, 1249-1261.
46. Leube, R. E., Wiedenmann, B. and Franke, W. W. (1989) Topogenesis and sorting of synaptophysin: synthesis ot a synaptic vesicle protein from a gene translated into nonneuroendocrine cells. Cell 59, 433-446.
47. Liao, J., Lowthert, L. A., Ku, N.-O., Fernandez, R. and Omary, M. B. (1995). Dynamics of human keratin 18 phosphorylation: polarized distribution of phosphorylated keratins in simple epithelial tissues. J. Cell Biol. 131, 1291-1301.
48. Liao, J. and Omary, M. B. (1996). 14-3-3 proteins associate with phosphorylated simple epithelial keratins during cell cycle progression and act as a solubility cofactor. J. Cell Biol. 133, 345-357.
49. Ludin, B. and Matus, A. (1998). GFP illuminates the cytoskeleton. Trends Cell Biol. 8, 72-77.
50. Ludin, B., Doll, T., Meili, R., Kaech, S. and Matus, A. (1996). Application of novel vectors for GFP-tagging of proteins to study microtubule-associated proteins. Gene 173, 107-111.
51. McGowan, K. and Coulombe, P. A. (1998). The wound repair-associated keratins 6, 16, and 17: insights into the role of intermediate filaments in specifying keratinocyte cytoarchitecture. In Intermediate Filaments (ed. H. Herrmann and J. R. Harris), pp. 173-204. New York: Plenum Press.
52. McLean, W. H. I. and Lane, E. B. (1995). Intermediate filaments in disease. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 7, 118-125.
53. Martys, J. L., Ho, C.-L., Liem, R. K. H. and Gundersen, G. G. (1999). Intermediate filaments in motion: Observations of intermediate filaments in cells using green fluorescent protein-vimentin. Mol. Biol. Cell 10, 1289-1295.
54. Miller, R. K., Vikstrom, K. and Goldman, R. D. (1991). Keratin incorporation into intermediate filament networks is a rapid process. J. Cell Biol. 113, 843-855.
55. Miller, R. K., Khuon, S. and Goldman, R. D. (1993). Dynamics of keratin assembly: exogenous type I keratin rapidly associates with type II keratin in vivo. J. Cell Biol. 122, 123-135.
56. Moll, R., Franke, W. W., Schiller, D. L., Geiger, B. and Krepler, R. (1982). The catalog of human cytokeratin polypeptides: patterns of expression of specific cytokeratins in normal epithelia, tumors and cultured cells. Cell 31, 11-24.
57. Moll, R. (1998). Cytokeratins as markers of differentiation in the diagnosis of epithelial tumors. In Intermediate Filaments (ed. H. Herrmann and J. R. Harris), pp. 319-362. New York: Plenum Press.
58. Olson, K. R., McIntosh, J. R. and Olmsted, J. B. (1995). Analysis of MAP 4 function in living cells using green fluorescent protein (GFP) chimeras. J. Cell Biol. 130, 639-650.
59. Omary, M. B., Ku, N.-O. Liao, J. and Price, D. (1998). Keratin modifications and solubility properties in epithelial cells and in vitro. In Intermediate Filaments (ed. H. Herrmann and J. R. Harris), pp. 105-140. New York: Plenum Press.
60. Osborn, M., Franke, W. W. and Weber, K. (1977). Visualization of a system of filaments 7-10 nm thick in cultured cells of an epitheloid line(PtK2) by immunofluorescence microscopy. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 74, 2490-2494.
61. Paramio, J. M. and Jorcano, J. L. (1994). Assembly dynamics of epidermal keratins K1 and K10 in transfected cells. Exp. Cell Res. 215, 319-331.
62. Paramio, J. M. (1999). A role for phosphorylation in the dynamics of keratin intermediate filaments. Eur. J. Cell Biol. 78, 33-43.
63. Prahlad, V., Yoon, M. Moir, R. D., Vale, R. D. and Goldman, R. D. (1998). Rapid movements of vimentin on microtubule tracks: kinesin-dependent assembly of intermediate filament networks. J. Cell Biol. 143, 159-170.
64. Rizzuto, R., Brini, M., Pizzo, P., Murgia, M. and Pozzan, T. (1995). Chimeric green fluorescent protein as a tool for visualizing subcellular organelles in living cells. Curr. Biol. 5, 635-642.
65. Schmidt, A., Heid, H. W., Schäfer, S., Nuber, U. A., Zimbelmann, R. and Franke, W. W. (1994). Desmosomes and cytoskeletal architecture in epithelial differentiation. Cell type-specific plaque components and intermediate filament anchorage. Eur. J. Cell Biol. 65, 229-245.
66. Skalli, O., Chou, Y.-H. and Goldman, R. D. (1992). Intermediate filaments: not so tough after all. Trends Cell Biol. 2, 308-312.
67. Stein, G. S., Stein, J. L., Lian, J. B., Last, T. J., Owen, T. and McCabe, L. (1994). Synchronization of normal diploid and transformed mammalian cells. In Cell Biology: A Laboratory Handbook (ed. J. E. Celis), pp. 282-287. New York: Academic Press.
68. Sun, T.-T. and Green, H. (1978). Immunofluorescent staining of keratin fibers in cultured cells. Cell 14, 469-476.
69. Toivala, D. M., Goldman, R. D., Garrod, D. R. and Eriksson, J. E. (1997). Protein phosphatases maintain the organization and structural interactions of hepatic keratin intermediate filaments. J. Cell Sci. 110, 23-33.
70. Tölle, H.-G., Weber, K. and Osborn, M. (1987). Keratin filament disruption in interphase and mitotic cells - how is it induced? Eur. J. Cell Biol. 43, 35-47.
71. Turner, B. M. and Ruane, M. (1985). Immunofluorescent localisation of cytokeratin antigens in mitotic HeLa cells using monoclonal antibodies. Eur. J. Cell Biol. 36, 48-57.
72. Wiche, G., Krepler, R., Artlieb, U., Pytela, R. and Aberer, W. (1984). Identification of plectin in different human cell types and immunolocalization at epithelial basal cell surface membranes. Exp. Cell Res. 155, 43-49.
73. 1 cells. Cell Motil. Cytoskel. 7, 347-360.
74. Yang, Y., Dowling, J., Yu, Q.-C., Kouklis, P., Cleveland, D. W. and Fuchs, E. (1996). An essential cytoskeletal linker protein connecting actin microfilaments to intermediate filaments. Cell 86, 655-665.
75. Yoon, M., Moir, R. D., Prahlad, V. and Goldman, R. D. (1998). Motile properties of vimentin intermediate filament networks in living cells. J. Cell Biol. 143, 147-157.