Immobilization of phenol in cement-based solidified/stabilized hazardous wastes using regenerated activated carbon: Leaching studies

Journal of Hazardous Materials

Volumn 70, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 117-138

  Hebatpuria, Vikram M ^a   Arafat, Hassan A ^a   Rho, Hong Sang ^a   Bishop, Paul L ^a   Pinto, Neville G ^a   Buchanan, Relva C ^a  

^a University of Cincinnati   (United States)

Author keywords

Activated carbon; Infra red spectroscopy; Organics; Scanning electron microscopy; Solidification stabilization

Indexed keywords

ACTIVATED CARBON; ADSORPTION; CEMENTS; ENERGY DISPERSIVE SPECTROSCOPY; FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; LEACHING; MORPHOLOGY; PHENOLS; SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; SOLIDIFICATION; THERMODYNAMIC STABILITY; X RAY DIFFRACTION ANALYSIS;

FIELD EMISSION SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; PORE FLUID ANALYSIS; REGENERATED ACTIVATED CARBON;

HAZARDOUS MATERIALS;

ACTIVATED CARBON; CALCIUM; CARBON; CEMENT; ORGANIC COMPOUND; PHENOL;

ADSORPTION; ARTICLE; COMPLEX FORMATION; CONTAMINATION; CONTROLLED STUDY; FOURIER TRANSFORMATION; HAZARDOUS WASTE; HYDRATION; IMMOBILIZATION; INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; LEACHING; SAND; SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; SOLID; WASTE MANAGEMENT; X RAY DIFFRACTION;

ADSORPTION; CHARCOAL; HAZARDOUS WASTE; PHENOL; REFUSE DISPOSAL; SOIL POLLUTANTS;

EID: 0033375235     PISSN: 03043894     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0304-3894(99)00128-4     Document Type: Article

References (23)

1. EPA, Records of Decision Analysis of Superfund Sites Employing Solidification/Stabilization as a Component of the Selected Remedy, USEPA, Washington, DC, 1994.
2. Battelle, Technical Resources Document on Solidification/Stabilization and Its Application to Waste Materials, Report to USEPA, Battelle, Columbus, OH, 1993.
3. Vipulanandan C., Krishnan S. Leachability and biodegradation of high concentrations of phenol and o-chlorophenol. Hazardous Waste and Hazardous Materials. 10(1):1993;27-47.
4. Ramachandran V. Hydration of cement - role of triethanolamine. Cement and Concrete Research. 6:1976;623-631.
5. M. Tittlebaum, H. Eaton, F. Cartledge, M. Walsh, A. Roy, Procedures for characterizing effects of organics on solidification/stabilization of hazardous wastes, Hazardous and Industrial Solid Waste Testing and Disposal, ASTM STP 933, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, 1986, pp. 308-318.
6. Vipulanandan C., Krishnan S. Solidification/stabilization of phenolic wastes with cementitious and polymeric materials. J. Hazard. Mater. 24:1990;123-136.
7. J. Conner, Chemical Fixation and Solidification of Hazardous Wastes, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1990.
8. M. Hinsenveld, P. Bishop, Use of the shrinking core/exposure model to describe the leachability from cement stabilized wastes, Third International Symposium on Stabilization/Solidification of Hazardous, Radioactive and Mixed Wastes, Williamsburg, VA, November 1-5, 1993.
9. T. Sherriff, C. Sollars, D. Montgomery, R. Perry, The use of activated charcoal and tetra-alkylammonium-substituted clays in cement-based stabilization/solidification of phenols and chlorinated phenols, Environmental Aspects of Stabilization and Solidification of Hazardous and Radioactive Wastes, ASTM STP 1033, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, 1989, pp. 273-286.
10. Wastewater Technology Center (WTC), Environment Canada, Investigation of specific solidification processes for the immobilization of organic contaminants, Working Paper, Ontario Waste Management, 1989.
11. Poon C., Clark A., Perry R. Atomic structure analysis of stabilized toxic wastes. Environmental Technology Letters. 7:1986;461-468.
12. D. Cocke, The binding mechanisms and leaching mechanisms of hazardous substances in cementitious solidification-stabilization systems, Proceedings, Gulf Coast Hazardous Substance Research Center Symposium on Solidification/Stabilization, Gulf Coast Hazardous Substance Research Center, Beaumont, TX, 1990.
13. F. Lea, The Chemistry of Cement and Concrete, 3rd edn., Edwards Arnold, London, 1970.
14. Montgomery D., Sollars C., Perry R., Tarling S., Barnes P., Henderson E. Treatment of organic-contaminated industrial wastes using cement-based stabilization/solidification - I. Microstructural analysis of cement-organic interactions. Waste Management and Research. 9:1991;103-111.
15. Montgomery D., Sollars C., Perry R., Tarling S., Barnes P., Henderson E. Treatment of organic-contaminated industrial wastes using cement-based stabilization/solidification - II. Microstructural analysis of the organophilic clay as a pre-solidification adsorbent. Waste Management and Research. 9:1991;113-125.
16. Riaz M., Zamorani E. A study on the effects of 1,3,5-trichlorobenzene solidified cement. Cement and Concrete Research. 19:1989;124-130.
17. C.C. Leng, Mechanisms of Adsorption and Desorption of Oxygen and Nitrogen Containing Aromatics on Activated Carbon, PhD Dissertation, University of Cincinnati, 1996.
18. C.C. Leng, N. Pinto, Effects of surface properties of activated carbons on adsorption behavior of selected aromatics, Carbon 35 (9) 1375-1385.
19. EPA, CERCLA BDAT SARM Preparation and Results of Physical Soils Washing Experiments, Report #68-03-3413, 1987.
20. CFR, Part 268, Appendix I, Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP), Federal Register, 1988.
21. Thomas N.L., Double D.D. Calcium and silicon concentration in solution during early hydration of portland cement and tricalcium silicate. Cement and Concrete Research. 11:1981;675-687.
22. Scouten C.G., Dougherty H.W. Organic chemistry of calcium: Part 3. Steam stripping of metal phenoxides liberates phenol and regenerates the metal oxide. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 29:1990;1721-1725.
23. Birchall J.D., Howard A.J., Double D.D. Some general considerations of a membrane/osmosis model for portland cement hydration. Cement and Concrete Research. 10:1980;145-155.