Dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis: How much more evidence do we need?

Current Opinion in Lipidology

Volumn 10, Issue 5, 1999, Pages 383-386

  Illingworth, D Roger ^a   Durrington, Paul N ^b  

^a OREGON HEALTH AND SCIENCE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

LIPOPROTEIN;

ATHEROSCLEROSIS; DYSLIPIDEMIA; EDITORIAL; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

ARTERIOSCLEROSIS; HUMANS; HYPERLIPIDEMIAS; LIPOPROTEINS, LDL; PRACTICE GUIDELINES;

EID: 0033371541     PISSN: 09579672     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00041433-199910000-00001     Document Type: Editorial

References (23)

1. 1 Kugiyama K, Doi H, Takazoe K, Kawano H, Soejima H, Mizuno Y, et al. Remnant lipoprotein levels in fasting serum predict coronary events in patients with coronary artery disease. Circulation 1999; 99:2858-2860. In this study, remnant lipoprotein concentrations were measured by an immunoaffinity technique in plasma from 135 patients with known coronary artery disease. High levels of remnants were an independent predictor of future coronary events in patients followed for up to 3 years.
2. 2 Kwiterovich PO Jr. State-of-the-art update and review. Clinical trials of lipid-lowering agents. Am J Cardiol 1998; 82:3U-17U.
3. 3 Deedwania PC. Clinical perspectives on primary and secondary prevention of coronary atherosclerosis. Med Clin North Am 1995; 79:973-998.
4. 4 Nishimura S, Sekiguchi M, Kano T, Ishiwata S, Nagasaki F, Nishide T, et al. Effects of intensive lipid-lowering by low density lipoprotein apheresis on regression of coronary atherosclerosis in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia: Japan Low density Lipoprotein Apheresis Coronary Atherosclerosis Prospective Study (L-CAPS). Atherosclerosis 1999; 144:409-417.
5. 5 Durrington PN, Illingworth DR. Lipid-lowering drugs: Who gets what? Curr Opin Lipidol 1998; 9:289-294.
6. 6 Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study Group. Randomized trial of cholesterol lowering in 4444 patients with coronary heart disease: Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study. Lancet 1994; 344:1383-1389.
7. 7 Sacks FM, Pfeffer MA, Moye LA, Rouleau JL, Rutherford JD, Cole TG, et al. The effect of pravastatin on coronary events after myocardial infarction in patients with average cholesterol levels. N Engl J Med 1996; 335:1001-1009.
8. 8 The long term intervention with pravastatin in ischemic disease (LIPID Study Group). Prevention of cardiovascular events and death with pravastatin in patients with coronary heart disease and a broad range of initial cholesterol levels. N Engl J Med 1998; 339:1349-1357.
9. 9 Shepherd J, Cobbe SM, Ford I, Isles CG, Lorimer AR, MacFarlane PW, et al. For the West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study Group. Prevention of coronary heart disease with pravastatin in men with hypercholesterolemia. N Engl J Med 1995; 333:1301-1307.
10. 10 Downs JR, Clearfield M, Weiss S, Whitney E, Shapiro DR, Beere PA, et al. Primary prevention of acute coronary events with lovastatin in men and women with average cholesterol levels. Results of AFCAPS/TEXCAPS. JAMA 1998; 279:1615-1622.
11. 11 Pyorala K, Pedersen TR, Kjekshus J, Faergeman O, Olsson AG, Thorgeirsson G. Cholesterol-lowering with simvastatin improves prognosis of diabetic patients with coronary heart disease. A sub-group analysis of the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study. Diabetes Care 1997; 20:614-620.
12. 12 Goldberg RB, Mellies MJ, Sachs FM, Moyé LA, Howard BV, Howard WJ, et al. Cardiovascular events and their reduction with pravastatin in diabetic and glucose intolerant myocardial infarction survivors with average cholesterol levels. Sub-group analysis of the Cholesterol and Recurrent Events Trial. Circulation 1998; 98:2513-2519.
13. 13 American Diabetes Association position paper. Management of dyslipidemia in adults with diabetes. Diabetes Care 1998; 21:179-182.
14. 14 Pedersen TR, Olsson AG, Faergeman O, Kjekshus J, Wedel H, Berg K, et al. Lipoprotein changes and reduction in the incidence of major coronary heart disease events in the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study. Circulation 1998; 97:1453-1460. This further analysis of patient response in the 4S provides detailed information on lipoproteins and cardiovascular events. The results demonstrate that the greatest therapeutic benefit occurs in those patients with the biggest reductions in LDL-cholesterol and that the cardiovascular event rates were lowest in those patients who achieved an LDL-cholesterol less than 100 mg/dl.
15. 15 Vaccarino V, Parsons L, Every NR, Barron HV, Krumholz HM. Sex-based difference in early mortality after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1999; 341:217-215.
16. 16 National Cholesterol Education Program. Second report of the Expert Panel on detection, evaluation and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults. Circulation 1994; 89:1333-1445.
17. 17 Wood D, Debacker G, Faergeman O, Graham I, Mancia G, Pyörälä K. Prevention of coronary heart disease in clinical practice. Recommendations of the second joint task force of European and other societies on coronary prevention. Eur Heart J 1998; 19:1434-1503.
18. 18 Danias PG, O'Mahony S, Radford MJ, Korman L, Silverman DI. Serum cholesterol levels are under-valued and under-treated. Am J Cardiol 1998; 81:1353-1356.
19. 19 McBride P, Schrott HG, Plane MB, Underbakke G, Brown RL. Primary care practice adherence to National Cholesterol Education Program guidelines for patients with coronary heart disease. Arch Intern Med 1998; 158:1238-1244.
20. 20 Frolkis JP, Zyzanski SJ, Schwartz JM, Suhan PS. Physician non-compliance with the 1993 National Cholesterol Education Program guidelines. Circulation 1998; 98:851-855.
21. 21 Sueta CA, Chowdhury M, Boccuzzi SJ, Smith SC Jr, Alexander CM, Londhe A, et al. Analysis of the degree of under-treatment of hyperlipidemia and congestive heart failure secondary to coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol 1999; 83:1303-1307.
22. 22 Faergeman O. Challenges to best practice: why are guidelines not implemented? Eur Heart J 1999; 1 (Suppl J):J12-J17.
23. 23 Waters D. Cholesterol-lowering. Should it continue to be the last thing we do? Circulation 1999; 99:3215-3217.