Paleotemperature estimation from dicotyledonous wood anatomical characters

Palaios

Volumn 14, Issue 5, 1999, Pages 459-474

  Wiemann, Michael C ^a,c   Manchester, Steven R ^a   Wheeler, Elisabeth A ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA   (United States)

^b NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c Northeastern Research Station   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CLIMATE CHANGE; PALEOCLIMATE; PALEOTEMPERATURE; TERTIARY; WOOD;

EID: 0033368840     PISSN: 08831351     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/3515397     Document Type: Article

References (116)

1. ARISTEGUIETA, L., 1966, Flórula de la estación biológica de Los Llanos: Sociedad Venezolana de Ciencias Naturales, Boletín, v. 26, p. 228-307.
2. AUNG, M., 1962, Density variation outwards from the pith in some species of Shorea and its anatomical basis: Empire Forestry Review, v. 41, p. 48-56.
3. BAMBER, R.K., and CURTIN, R.A., 1974, Some properties of wood in blackbutt trees of two ages: Australian Forestry, v. 36, p. 226-234.
4. BECK, G.F., 1945, Ancient forest trees of the sagebrush Area in central Washington: Journal of Forestry, v. 43, p. 334-338.
5. BECKETT, S., and GOLDEN, M.S., 1982, Forest vegetation and vascular flora of Reed Brake Research Natural Area, Alabama: Castanea, v. 47, p. 368-392.
6. BOYD, A.E., 1985, A Miocene flora from the Oviatt Creek basin, Clearwater County, Idaho: Unpublished M.S. Thesis, University of Idaho, Moscow, 209 p.
7. BRAHAM, R.R., 1992, Woody plants of Hill Forest: College of Forest Resources Technical Report no. 68, Raleigh, 75 p.
8. BREWIS, A., BOWMAN, P., and ROSE, F., 1996, The flora of Hampshire: Harley Books, Colchester, 386 p.
9. CADBURY, D.A., HAWKES, J.G., and READETT, R.C., 1971, A computer-mapped flora: A study of the county of Warwickshire: Academic Press, London, 768 p.
10. COILE, N.C., 1981, Flora of Elbert County, Georgia: Castanea v. 46, p. 173-194.
11. CORRELL, D.S., and CORRELL, H.B., 1982, Flora of the Bahama Archipelago: J. Cramer, Vaduz, 1692 p.
12. CUTLER, D.F., 1976, Variation in root wood anatomy: in Baas, P., Bolton, A.J., and Catling, D.M., eds., Wood Structure in Biological and Technological Research, Leiden Botanical Series No. 3: Leiden University Press, Leiden, p. 143-156
13. DEAM, C.C., 1940, Flora of Indiana: Department of Conservation, Division of Forestry, Indianapolis, 1236 p.
14. DICKSON, J.D., WOODBURY, R.O., and ALEXANDER, T.R., 1953, Check list of flora of Big Pine Key, Florida and surrounding keys: Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences, v. 16, p. 181-197.
15. DREW, M.B., KIRKMAN, L.K., and GHOLSON, A.K., 1998, The vascular flora of Ichauway, Baker County, Georgia: A remnant longleaf pine/wiregrass ecosystem: Castanea, v. 63, p. 1-24.
16. DUPERON, J., 1988, Les bois fossiles de Juglandaceae: Inventaire et révision: Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, v. 53, p. 251-282.
17. EAMES, A.J., and MACDANIELS, L.H., 1947, An Introduction to Plant Anatomy: McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., New York, 427 p.
18. EATON, R.J., 1974, A Flora of Concord: Harvard University, Cambridge, 236 p.
19. FAYLE, D.C.F., 1968, Radial Growth in Tree Roots: University of Toronto, 183 p.
20. FEGEL, A.C., 1938, A comparison of the mechanical and physical properties, and the structural features of root-, stem-, and branch-wood: Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, New York State College of Forestry, Syracuse, 66 p.
21. FEGEL, A.C., 1941, Comparative anatomy and varying physical properties of trunk, branch, and root-wood in certain northeastern trees: Bulletin of the New York State College of Forestry at Syracuse University, Technical publication No. 55, v. 14, p. 1-20.
22. FIELDS, P.F., 1996, The Succor Creek flora of the middle Miocene Sucker Creek Formation, southwestern Idaho and eastern Oregon: Systematics and paleoecology: Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, 675 p.
23. FOULGER, A.N., VIMMERSTEDT, J.P., and EICHAR, C., 1975, Stem anatomy of 30-year-old yellow-poplar: Forest Science, v. 21, p. 23-33.
24. GREENWOOD, D.R., 1992, Taphonomic constraints on foliar physiognomic interpretations of Late Cretaceous and Tertiary palaeoclimates: Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, v. 71, p. 149-190.
25. GREENWOOD, D.R., and WING, S.L., 1995, Eocene continental climates and latitudinal temperature gradients: Geology, v. 23, p. 1044-1048.
26. GREGORY, K.M., 1994, Palaeoclimate and palaeoelevation of the 35 ma Florissant flora, Front Range, Colorado: Palaeoclimates, v. 1, p. 23-57.
27. 2?: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 124, p. 39-51.
28. GREGORY, K.M., and CHASE, C.G., 1992, Tectonic significance of paleobotanically estimated climate and altitude of the late Eocene erosion surface, Colorado: Geology, v. 20. p. 581-585.
29. GREGORY, K.M., and MCINTOSH, W.C., 1996, Paleoclimate and paleoelevation of the Oligocene Pitch-Pinnacle flora, Sawatch Range, Colorado: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 108, p. 545-561.
30. GUALA, G.F., 1993, Vascular plant surveys of Ocala National Forest: Final report: Unpublished research report, Vascular Plant Herbarium, University of Florida, Gainesville, 51 p.
31. HALL-MARTIN, A.J., 1975, Classification and ordination of forest and thicket vegetation of the Lengwe National Park, Malawi: Kirkia, v. 10, p. 131-184.
32. HANES, C.R., and HANES, F.N., 1947, Flora of Kalamazoo County, Michigan: Schoolcraft, Michigan, 295 p.
33. HARTSHORN, G.S., and POVEDA, L.J., 1983, Checklist of Trees: in Janzen, D.H., ed., Costa Rican Natural History: University of Chicago Press, Chicago, p. 158-183.
34. HERMAN, A.B., and SPICER, R.A., 1996, Palaeobotanical evidence for a warm Cretaceous Arctic Ocean: Nature, v. 380, p. 330-333.
35. HERMAN, A.B., and SPICER, R.A., 1997, New quantitative palaeoclimate data for the Late Cretaceous Arctic: Evidence for a warm polar ocean: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 128, p. 227-251.
36. HOLDRIDGE, L.R., 1967, Life Zone Ecology: Tropical Science Center, San Jose, Costa Rica, 206 p.
37. HOPKINS, B., 1962, Vegetation of the Olokemeji Forest Reserve, Nigeria, I, General features of the reserve and the research sites: Journal of Ecology, v. 50, p. 559-598.
38. HOWEL, C.L., 1991, Floristics of two state parks in the piedmont of Georgia: Indian Springs and High Falls: Castanea, v. 56, p. 38-50.
39. HUNT, D.M., SEARCY, K.B., ZAREMBA, R.E., and LOMBARDI, C.R., 1995, The vascular plants of Fort Devens, Massachusetts: Rhodora, v. 97, p. 208-244.
40. IBARRA MANRÍQUEZ, G., and SINACA COLÍN, S., 1987, Listados Florísticos de México VII, Estación Tropical Los Tuxtlas, Veracruz: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, Distrito Federal, 51 p.
41. INGLE, H.D., and DADSWELL, H.E., 1953, The anatomy of the timbers of the South-West Pacific area: Australian Journal of Botany, v. 1, p. 1-26.
42. 39Ar dating of the Late Miocene Kapturo site: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 123, p. 259-271.
43. JORDAN, G.J., 1997, Uncertainty in palaeoclimatic reconstructions based on leaf physiognomy: Australian Journal of Botany, v. 45, p. 527-547.
44. JOYNER, J.M., and CHESTER, E.W., 1994, The vascular flora of Cross Creeks National Wildlife Refuge, Stewart County, Tennessee: Castanea, v. 59, p. 117-145.
45. KABUYE, C.H.S., MUNGAI, G.M., and MUTANGAH, J.G., 1986, Flora of Kora National Reserve: in Coe, M., and Collins, M., eds., Kora: An Ecological Inventory of the Kora National Reserve, Kenya: National Geographical Society, London, p. 57-104.
46. KENG, H., 1990, The Concise Flora of Singapore: Singapore University Press, Kent Ridge, 222 p.
47. KNOWLTON, F.H., 1899, Fossil Flora of the Yellowstone National Park: in Hague, A., Iddings, J.P., and Weed, W.H., eds., Geology of Yellowstone National Park: Geological Survey Monographs, v. 32, pt. 2, p. 651-882.
48. KOVACH, W.L., and SPICER, R.A., 1996, Canonical correspondence analysis of leaf physiognomy: A contribution to the development of a new palaeoclimatic tool: Palaeoclimates, v. 2, p. 125-138.
49. LAWSON, G.W., JENIK, J., and ARMSTRONG-MENSAH, K.O., 1968, A study of a vegetation catena in Guinea savanna at Mole Game Reserve (Ghana): Journal of Ecology, v. 56, p. 505-522.
50. LAWSON, G.W., ARMSTRONG-MENSAH, K.O., and HALL, J.B., 1970, A catena in tropical moist semi-deciduous forest near Kade, Ghana: Journal of Ecology, v. 58, p. 371-398.
51. LEWIS, P.O., and BROWNE, E.T., 1991, The vascular flora of Haywood County, Tennessee: Journal of the Tennessee Academy of Science, v. 66, p. 37-44.
52. 39Ar age spectrum of Columbia River Basalt from deep boreholes in south-central Washington (abstract): Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v.64, no. 9, p. 97.
53. LOTT, E.J., 1985, Listados Florísticos de México III, La Estación de Biología Chamela, Jalisco: Herbario Nacional, México, 47 p.
54. LUNDELL, C.L., 1937, The Vegetation of Petén: Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, 244 p.
55. MACHADO, S.R., ANGYALOSSY-ALFONSO, V., and DE MORRETES, B.L., 1997, Comparative wood anatomy of root and stem in Styrax camporum (Styracaceae): International Association of Wood Anatomists Journal, v. 18, p. 13-25.
56. MACROBERTS, D.T., 1979, Checklist of the plants of Caddo Parish, Louisiana: Bulletin of the Museum of Life Sciences, v. 1, p. 1-54.
57. MANCHESTER, S.R., 1977, Wood of Tapirira (Anacardiaceae) from the Paleogene Clarno formation of Oregon: Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, v. 23, p. 119-127.
58. MANCHESTER, S.R., 1979, Triplochitioxylon (Sterculiaceae): A new genus of wood from the Eocene of Oregon and its bearing on xylem evolution in the extant genus Triplochiton: American Journal of Botany, v. 66, p. 699-708.
59. MANCHESTER, S.R., 1980, Chattawaya (Sterculiaceae): A new genus of wood from the Eocene of Oregon and its implications for xylem evolution of the extant genus Pterospermum: American Journal of Botany, v. 67, p. 59-67.
60. MANCHESTER, S.R., 1983, Fossil wood of the Engelhardieae (Juglandaceae) from the Eocene: Engelhardioxylon gen. nov.: Botanical Gazette, v. 144, p. 157-163.
61. MANCHESTER, S.R., 1994, Fruits and seeds of the Middle Eocene Nut Beds Flora, Clarno Formation, Oregon: Palaeontographica Americana, v. 58, p. 1-205.
62. MANCHESTER, S.R., and WHEELER, E.A., 1993, Extinct juglandaceous wood from the Eocene of Oregon and its implications for xylem evolution in the Juglandaceae: International Association of Wood Anatomists Journal, v. 14, p. 103-111.
63. MITCHELL, R.S., 1963, Phytogeography and Floristic Survey of a Relic Area in the Marianna Lowlands, Florida: American Midland Naturalist, v. 69, p. 328-366.
64. MITCHELL, R.S., and TUCKER, G.C., 1994, Flora of an unusually diverse virgin and old-growth forest area in the southern Adirondacks of New York: Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, v. 12, p. 76-83.
65. NOAA, 1985, Climates of the States, 3rd ed.: Gale Research Co., Detroit, 1572 p.
66. NOAA, 1995, Climatological Data Annual Summary, Alabama, v. 101, p. 8.
67. NOAA, 1996a, Climatological Data, Florida, v. 100.
68. NOAA, 1996b, Climatological Data, New York, v. 108.
69. OLMSTED, I., ROBERTSON, W.B., JR., JOHNSON, J., and BASS, O.L., JR., 1983, The Vegetation of Long Pine Key, Everglades National Park: Report SFRC-83/05, Everglades National Park, South Florida Research Center, Homestead, 64 p.
70. PAGE, V.M., 1979, Dicotyledonous wood from the Upper Cretaceous of central California: Journal of the Arnold Arboretum, v. 60, p. 323-349.
71. PATEL, R.N., 1965, A comparison of the anatomy of the secondary xylem in roots and stems: Holzforschung, v. 19, p. 72-79.
72. POORE, M.E.D., 1968, Studies in Malaysian rain forest, I, The forest on Triassic sediments in Jengka Forest Reserve: Journal of Ecology, v. 56, p. 143-196.
73. PRAKASH, U., 1968, Miocene fossil woods from the Columbia Basalts of central Washington, III: Palaeontographica, v. 122B, p. 183-200.
74. PRAKASH, U., and BARGHOORN, E.S., 1961a, Miocene fossil woods from the Columbia Basalts of central Washington: Journal of the Arnold Arboretum, v. 42, p. 165-195.
75. PRAKASH, U., and BARGHOORN, E.S., 1961b, Miocene fossil woods from the Columbia Basalts of central Washington, II: Journal of the Arnold Arboretum, v. 42, p. 347-358.
76. REIDEL, S.P., TOLAN, T.L., HOOPER, P.R., BEESON, M.H., FECHT, K.R., BENTLEY, R.D., and ANDERSON, J.L., 1989, The Grande Ronde Basalt, Columbia River Basalt Group; stratigraphic descriptions and correlations in Washington, Oregon, and Idaho: in Reidel, S.P., and Hooper, P.R., eds., Volcanism and Tectonism in the Columbia River Flood-Basalt Province: Geological Society of America Special paper 239, p. 21-53.
77. RUSSELL, E.W.B., 1988, Vegetation and flora of Hopewell Furnace National Historic Site, Eastern Pennsylvania: Bartonia, v. 54, p. 124-143.
78. SAFFORD, L.O., FRANK, R.M., and LITTLE, E.L., 1969, Trees and shrubs of the Penobscot Experimental Forest, Penobscot County, Maine: USDA Forest Service Research Paper NE-128, Upper Darby, 27 p.
79. SANFORD, R.L., PAABY, P., LUVALL, J.C., and PHILLIPS, E., 1994, Climate, Geomorphology, and Aquatic Systems: in McDade, L.A., Bawa, K.S., Hespenheide, H.A., and Hartshorn, G.S., eds., La Selva: Ecology and Natural History of a Neotropical Rain Forest: University of Chicago Press, Chicago, p. 19-33.
80. SCOTT, R.A., 1954, Fossil fruits and seeds from the Eocene Clarno Formation of Oregon: Palaeontographica, v. 96B, p. 66-97.
81. SCOTT, R.A., and BARGHOORN, E.S., 1955, The occurrence of Euptelea in the Cenozoic of western North America: Journal of the Arnold Arboretum, v. 36, p. 259-265.
82. SCOTT, R.A., and WHEELER, E.A., 1982, Fossil woods from the Eocene Clarno Formation of Oregon: International Association of Wood Anatomists Bulletin n.s., v. 3, p. 135-154.
83. SEBASTINE, K.M., 1958, Studies on the vessel variations in dicotyledonous trees: Journal of the Indian Botanical Society, v. 37, p. 104-113.
84. SIMMONS, M.P., WARE, D.M.E., and HAYDEN, W.J., 1995, The vascular flora of the Potomac River Watershed of King George County, Virginia: Castanea, v. 60, p. 179-209.
85. SOKAL, R.R., and ROHLF, F.J., 1995, Biometry: W.H. Freeman and Co., New York, 887 p.
86. STERN, W.L., and GREENE, S., 1958, Some aspects of variation in wood: Tropical Woods, v. 108, p. 65-71.
87. STONE, B.C., 1970, The Flora of Guam: Micronesica, v. 6, p. 1-659.
88. SÜSS, H., and MÜLLER-STOLL, W.R., 1973, Zur Anatomie des Ast-, Stamm-und Wurzelholzes von Platanus X acerifolia (Ait.) Willd.: Österreichische Botanische Zeitschrift, v. 121, p. 227-249.
89. SWINK, F., and WILHELM, G., 1994, Plants of the Chicago Region: Indiana Academy of Science, Indianapolis, 921 p.
90. TAN, B.H., and JUDD, W.S., 1995, A floristic inventory of O'Leno State Park and Northeast River Rise State Preserve, Alachua and Columbia Counties, Florida: Castanea, v. 60, p. 141-165.
91. TAYLOR, W.C., 1976, Vascular flora of Jonca Creek, Ste. Genevieve County, Missouri: Castanea, v. 41, p. 93-118.
92. THOMPSON, S.A., and BIER, C.W., 1990, Floristic survey of the Enlow Fork Valley (Wheeling Creek), Western Pennsylvania: Bartonia, v. 56, p. 1-8.
93. TIFFNEY, B.H., FLEAGLE, J.G., and BROWN, T.M., 1994, Early to Middle Miocene angiosperm fruits and seeds from Fejej, Ethiopia: Tertiary Research, v. 15, p. 25-42.
94. VANCE, J.A., 1988, New fission track and K-Ar ages from the Clarno formation, Challis age volcanic rocks in north central Oregon: Geological Society of America, Rocky Mountain Section, Abstracts with Programs, v. 20, p. 473.
95. WATERS, A.C., 1968, Reconnaissance geologic map of the Post Quadrangle, Crook Co., Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Geological Investigations Map I-542.
96. WERNSTEDT, F.L., 1972, World Climatic Data: Climatic Data Press, Lemont, 523 p.
97. WHEELER, E.A., and BAAS, P., 1991, A survey of the fossil record for dicotyledonous wood and its significance for evolutionary and ecological wood anatomy: International Association of Wood Anatomists Bulletin n.s., v. 12, p. 275-332.
98. WHEELER, E.A., and BAAS, P., 1993, The potentials and limitations of dicotyledonous wood anatomy for climatic reconstructions: Paleobiology, v. 19, p. 487-498.
99. WHEELER, E.A., PEARSON, R.G., LAPASHA, C.A., ZACK, T., and HATLEY, W., 1986, Computer-Aided Wood Identification: North Carolina Agricultural Research Service Bulletin 474, Raleigh, 160 p.
100. WHEELER, E.A., SCOTT, R.A., and BARGHOORN, E.S., 1977, Fossil dicotyledonous woods from Yellowstone National Park: Journal of the Arnold Arboretum, v. 58, p. 280-306.
101. WHEELER, E.A., SCOTT, R.A., and BARGHOORN, E.S., 1978, Fossil dicotyledonous woods from Yellowstone National Park, II: Journal of the Arnold Arboretum, v. 59, p. 1-31.
102. WIEMANN, M.C., MANCHESTER, S.R., DILCHER, D.L., HINOJOSA, L.F., and WHEELER, E.A., 1998a, Estimation of temperature and precipitation from morphological characters of dicotyledonous leaves: American Journal of Botany, v. 85, p. 1796-1802.
103. WIEMANN, M.C., WHEELER, E.A., MANCHESTER, S.R., and PORTIER, K.M., 1998b, Dicotyledonous wood anatomical characters as predictors of climate: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 139, p. 83-100.
104. WILBUR, R.L., 1994, Vascular Plants: An Interim Checklist: in McDade, L.A., Bawa, K.S., Hespenheide, H.A., and Hartshorn, G.S., eds., La Selva: Ecology and Natural History of a Neotropical Rain Forest: University of Chicago Press, Chicago, p. 350-378.
105. WILF, P., 1997, When are leaves good thermometers? A new case for leaf margin analysis: Paleobiology, v. 23, p. 373-390.
106. WING, S.L., 1987, Eocene and Oligocene floras and vegetation of the Rocky Mountains: Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, v. 74, p. 748-784.
107. WING, S.L., and GREENWOOD, D.R., 1993, Fossils and fossil climate: The case for equable continental interiors in the Eocene: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B, v. 341, p. 243-252.
108. WOLFE, J.A., 1979, Temperature parameters of humid to mesic forests of eastern Asia and relation to forests of other regions of the northern hemisphere and Australasia: Geological Survey Professional Paper 1106, Washington, 37 p.
109. WOLFE, J.A., 1993, A method of obtaining climatic parameters from leaf assemblages: Geological Survey Bulletin 2040, Washington, 71 p.
110. WOLFE, J.A., 1995, Paleoclimatic estimates from Tertiary leaf assemblages: Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Science, v. 23, p. 119-142.
111. WOODCOCK, D.W., 1989, Significance of ring porosity in analysis of a Sangamon flora: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 73, p. 197-204.
112. WOODCOCK, D.W., 1992, Climate reconstructions based on biological indicators: Quarterly Review of Biology, v. 67, p. 457-477.
113. WOODCOCK, D.W., 1994, Occurrence of woods with a gradation in vessel diameter across a ring: International Association of Wood Anatomists Journal, v. 15, p. 377-385.
114. WOODCOCK, D.W., and IGNAS, C.M., 1994, Prevalence of wood characters in eastern North America: What characters are most promising for interpreting climates from fossil wood?: American Journal of Botany, v. 81, p. 1243-1251.
115. YUNCKER, T.G., 1959, Plants of Tonga: Bulletin 220, Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, 283 p.
116. ZIMMERMANN, M.H., and BROWN, C.L., 1971, Trees-Structure and Function: Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 336 p.