The significance of pre-existing, deeply weathered crystalline rock in interpreting the effects of glaciation in the Minnesota River valley, U.S.A.

Annals of Glaciology

Volumn 28, Issue , 1999, Pages 53-58

  Patterson, C J ^a   Boerboom, T J ^a  

^a Minnesota Geological Survey   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BEDROCK; GLACIAL EROSION; GLACIAL LANDFORM;

MINNESOTA; UNITED STATES;

EID: 0033368534     PISSN: 02603055     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3189/172756499781821995     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Bakker, J. P. 1965. A forgotten factor in the interpretation of glacial stairways: an old question; new problems. Z. Geomorphol., 9, 18-34.
2. Clark, P. U. and D. Pollard. 1998. Origin of the middle Pleistocene transition by ice sheet erosion of regolith. Paleoceanography, 13(1), 1-9.
3. Feininger, T. 1971. Chemical weathering and glacial erosion of crystalline rocks and the origin of till. U.S. Geol. Sun. Prof. Pap. 750-C, 65-81.
4. Gjessing, J. 1967. Norway's paleic surface. Nor. Geogr. Tidsskr., 21, 69-132.
5. Hall, A. M. and D. E. Sugden. 1987. Limited modifications of mid-latitude landscapes by ice sheets: the case of northeast Scotland. Earth Surf. Processes Landforms, 12(5), 531-542.
6. Kejonen, A., S. Keilosto and S. I. Lahti. 1988. Cavernous weathering forms in Finland. Geogr. Ann., 70A (4), 315-322.
7. Kleman, J. 1994. Preservation of landforms under ice sheets and ice caps. Geomorphology, 9(1), 19-32.
8. Lehr, J. D. and H. C. Hobbs. 1992. Glacial geology of the Laurentian divide area, St. Louis and Lake counties, Minnesota. St. Paul, MN, Minnesota Geological Survey. (39th Midwest Friends of the Pleistocene Field Trip, Biwabik, Minnesota. Guidebook Series 18.)
9. Lidmar-Bergström, K. 1988. Preglacial weathering and landform evolution in Fennoscandia. Geogr. Ann., 70A (4), 273-276.
10. Lidmar-Bergström, K. 1989. Exhumed Cretaceous landforms in south Sweden. Z. Geomorphol., Supplementband 72, 21-40.
11. Lidmar-Bergström, K. 1995. Relief and saprolites through time on the Baltic Shield. Geomorphology, 12, 45-61.
12. Lidmar-Bergström, K. 1997. A long-term perspective on glacial erosion. Earth Surf. Processes Landforms, 22, 297-306.
13. Lidmar-Bergström, K., S. Olsson and M. Olvmo. 1997. Palaeosurfaces and related saprolites in southern Fennoscandia. In Widdowson, M., ed. Palaeosurfaces: recognition, reconstruction and interpretation. London, Geological Society, 95-123. (Special Publication 120.)
14. Lindström, E. 1988. Are roches moutonnées mainly preglacial forms? Geogr. Ann., 70A (4), 323-331.
15. Linton, D. L. 1955. The problem of tors. Geogr. J., 120(4), 470-487.
16. Lundqvist, J. 1988. The Revsund area, central Jämtland - an example of preglacial weathering and landscape formation. Geogr. Ann., 70A (4), 291-298.
17. Matsch, C. L. 1972. Quaternary geology of southwestern Minnesota. In Sims, P. K. and G. B. Morey, eds. Geology of Minnesota: a centennial volume. St. Paul, MN, Minnesota Geological Survey, 548-560.
18. Matsch, C. L. and H. E. Wright, Jr. 1967. The southern outlet of Lake Agassiz. In Mayer-Oakes, W.J., ed. Life, land and water. Proceedings of the 1966 Conference on Environmental Studies of the Glacial Lake Agassiz Region. Winnipeg, Man., University of Manitoba Press, 121-140. (University of Manitoba, Department of Anthropology. Occasional Paper 1.)
19. Morey, G. B. 1981. Geologic map of Minnesota: bedrock outcrops. St. Paul, MN, Minnesota Geological Survey. (State Map S-10, scale 1:3,168,000.)
20. Ollier, C. D. 1969. Weathering. London, Longman.
21. Parham, W. E. 1970. Clay mineralogy and geology of Minnesota's kaolin clays. St. Paul, MN, Minnesota Geological Survey. (Special Publication SP-10.)
22. Patterson, C. J. 1997. Quaternary geology of southwestern Minnesota. In Patterson, C. J., ed. Contributions to the geology of southwestern Minnesota. St. Paul, MN, Minnesota Geological Survey, 1-45. (Report of Investigations 47.)
23. Patterson, C. J., A. R. Knaeble, S. E. Gran and S. Phippen. 1999. Regional Hydrogeologic assessment of the upper Minnesota River basin, Minnesota. St. Paul, MN, Minnesota Geological Survey. (Regional Hydrogeologic Assessment RHA-4, Part A, Plate 1, scale 1:100,000.)
24. Ruxton, B. P. and L. Barry. 1957. Weathering of granite and associated erosional features in Hong Kong. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 68, 1263-1292.
25. Setterholm, D. R. and G. B. Morey. 1989. An extensive pre-Cretaceous weathering profile in east-central and southwestern Minnesota. U.S. Geol. Sun. Bull. 1989-H.
26. Setterholm, D. R., G.B. Morey, T.J. Boerboom and R. C. Lamons. 1989. Minnesota kaolin clay deposits: a subsurface study in selected areas of southwestern and east-central Minnesota. Minn. Geol. Surv. Inf. Circ. 27.
27. Södcrman, G. 1985. Planation and weathering in eastern Fennoscandia. Fennia, 163 (2), 347-352.
28. Southwick, D. L. and V. W. Chandler. 1996. Block and shear-zone architecture of the Minnesota River valley subprovince: implications for Late Archean accretionary tectonics. Can. J. Earth Sci., 33, 831-847.
29. Southwick, D. L. and G. J. Patterson. 1998. Archean and Quaternary geology of the Minnesota River valley. In 44th Annual Meeting, Institute of Lake Superior Geology, 1998, Minneapolis, Minnesota. Proceedings. Vol. 2. St. Paul, MN, Minnesota Geological Survey, 133-168.
30. Sugden, D. E. 1978. Glacial erosion by the Laurentide ice sheet. J. Glaciol, 20 (83), 367-391.
31. Sugden, D. E. 1989. Modification of old land surfaces by ice sheets. Z. Geomorphol., Supplementband 72, 163-172.
32. Thomas, M. F. 1966. Some geomorphological implications of deep weathering patterns in crystalline rocks in Nigeria. Inst. Br. Geogr. Trans., 40, 173-193.
33. Thomas, M. F. 1994. Geomorphology in the tropics. A study of weathering and denudation in low latitudes. Chichester, Wiley.
34. Twidale, C. R. and J. A. Bourne. 1976. Origin and significance of pitting in granitic rocks. Z. Geomorphol., 20 (4), 405-416.
35. Upham, W. 1883. The Minnesota Valley in the Ice Age. Am. Assoc. Adv. Sci. Proc., 32, 213-231.
36. Upham, W. 1896. The glacial Lake Agassiz. U.S. Geol. Surv. Monogr. 25.
37. Von Engeln, O. D. 1937. Rock sculpture by glaciers: a review. Geogr. Rev., 27 (3), 478-482.
38. Wright, H. E., Jr. 1972. Physiography of Minnesota. In Sims, P. K. and G. B. Morey, eds. Geology of Minnesota: a centennial volume. St. Paul, MN, Minnesota Geological Survey, 561-578.
39. Zumberge, J. H. 1952. The lakes of Minnesota: their origin and classification. Minn. Geol. Surv. Bull. 35.