Avalanche hazard in glacier national park: An EL NiÑo connection?

Physical Geography

Volumn 20, Issue 6, 1999, Pages 461-467

  Dixon, Richard W ^a   Butler, David R ^a   DeChano, Lisa M ^a   Henry, Julie A ^a  

^a TEXAS STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

El Ni o; Glacier National Park (GNP); Snow avalanches

Indexed keywords

AVALANCHE; CLIMATE EFFECT; EL NINO; HAZARD ASSESSMENT;

UNITED STATES;

EID: 0033360953     PISSN: 02723646     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/02723646.1999.10642690     Document Type: Article

References (10)

1. Barry, R. G. (1992) Mountain Weather and Climate, 2nd Ed. London, UK: Routledge.
2. Butler, D. R. (1986a) Snow-avalanche hazards in Glacier national park, Montana: Meteorologic and climatologic aspects. Physical Geography, Vol. 7, 72-87.
3. Butler, D. R. (1986b) Spatial and temporal aspects of the snow avalanche hazard, Glacier National Park, Montana, U.S.A. In L. Heywood and D. Marks, eds., Proceedings of the International Snow Science Workshop. Homewood, CA: ISSW Workshop Committee. October 22-25, 1986, 223-230.
4. Butler, D. R. (1989) Snow avalanche-dams and resultant hazards in Glacier National Park, Montana. Northwest Science, Vol. 63(3), 109-115.
5. Butler, D. R. and Malanson, G. P. (1985) A history of high-magnitude snow avalanches, southern Glacier National Park, Montana, U.S.A. Mountain Research and Development, Vol. 5, 175-182.
6. Climate Prediction Center (1997) The 1997 El Niño: Potential effects in Montana-November 1997 to April 1998. url:http://nic.fb4.noaa.gov:80/products/analysis_monitoring/ensostuff/states/mt.disc.html.
7. Legler, D. M. (1998) ENSO Index According to JMA SSTA (1868-present). url:http://www.coaps.fsu.edu/legler/jma_index.html.
8. Noel, J. and Changnon, D. (1998) A pilot study examining U.S. winter cyclone frequency patterns associated with three ENSO parameters. Journal of Climate, Vol. 11, 2152-2159.
9. Ropelewski, C. F. and Halpert, M. S. (1986) North American precipitation and temperature patterns associated with the El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Monthly Weather Review, Vol. 114, 2353-2362.
10. Schaerer, P. A. (1981) Avalanches. In D. M. Gray and D. H. Male, eds., Handbook of Snow. Toronto, Canada: Pergamon, 475-518. World Meteorological Organization, 1998. World Climate News, No. 13, June 1998.