Analogy making in legal reasoning with neural networks and fuzzy logic

Artificial Intelligence and Law

Volumn 7, Issue 2, 1999, Pages 289-301

  Hollatz, Jürgen ^a  

^a SIEMENS AG   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FUZZY SETS; NEURAL NETWORKS;

LEGAL REASONING;

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE;

EID: 0033359142     PISSN: 09248463     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/a:1008344904309     Document Type: Article

References (22)

1. Dreher, E. and Tröndle, H. 1995. Strafgesetzbuch und Nebengesetze, Commentary, 47th edition, Munich: C.H. Beck.
2. Duda, R.O. and Hart, P.E. 1973. Pattern Classification and Scene Analysis. New York: Wiley.
3. Gerathewohl, P. 1987. Erschließung unbestimmter Rechtsbegriffe mit Hilfe des Computers. Ein Versuch am Beispiel der "angemessenen Wartezeit" bei § 142 StGB, doctoral thesis, University of Tübingen.
4. Haft, F. 1991. Strafrecht, Besonderer Teil, 4th edition, Munich: C.H. Beck.
5. Heithecker, J. 1993. Fuzzy-Logik und der "Tierhalter", KI 3, pp. 7-10.
6. Hertz, J., Krogh, A. and Palmer, R.G. 1991. Introduction to the Theory of Neural Computation, Addison Wesley.
7. Hollatz, J. and Tresp, V. 1992. A rule-based network architecture, Proc. of the International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks, Brighton: ICANN 92, pp. 757-761.
8. Hollatz, J. 1992. Supplementing neural network learning with rule-based knowledge, Proc. of the IEEE International Conference on Neural Networks, Vol. III, Beijing: IJCNN-92, pp. 595-600.
9. Jacobs, R.A., Jordan, M.I., Nowlan, S.J., and Hinton, G.E. 1991. Adaptive mixtures of local experts, Neural Computation 3, 79-87, 1991.
10. Krumbholz, H., Paul, H., and Brüseken, W. 1988, Haftungsquoten bei typischen Verkehrsunfällen, NZV, pp. 168-172.
11. MacKay, D. 1991. Bayesian Modeling. Ph.D. Thesis, Caltech.
12. Moody, J. and Darken, Ch. 1989. Fast learning in networks of locally-tuned processing units, Neural Computation, Vol. 1, Massachussetts Institute of Technology, pp. 281-294.
13. Philipps, L. 1989. in A. Martino (ed.), Are legal decisions based on the application of rules or prototype recognition? Legal science on the way to neural networks. In A. Martino (ed.), Pre-Proceedings of the 3rd Intern. Conf. on Logica, Informatica, Florence, Diritto.
14. Philipps, L., Brass, H. and Emmerich, Q. A Neural Network to Identify Legal Precedents, 9th Symposium on Legal Data Processing in Europe, (CJ-IJ Symp.).
15. Philipps, L. 1993. Vague Legal Concepts an Fuzzy Logic. An Attempt to Determine the Required Period of Waiting after Traffic Accidents, informatica e diritto, Vol. 2, pp. 37-51.
16. Poeck, T. 1994. Wartepflicht und Wartedauer des §142 Abs. 1 Nr.2 StGB. Ein Vorschlag zur Bestimmung der Wartelänge anhand rechtsprechungsanalytischer und empirischer Überlegungen, Volk, Klaus and Lang, Peter (eds), Criminalia, Vol. 2, Frankfurt a.M., 1994, doctoral thesis, Munich: Ludwig-Maximilians-University.
17. Schretter, N. 1995. Konsistenz und Vollständigkeit in Fuzzy-Regelbasen, master thesis, Prof. Dr. W. Brauer, Munich: Institute of Computer Science, University of Technology.
18. Schretter, N., and Hollatz, J.: Ein Fuzzy-Logik-Expertensystem zur Bestimmung der Wartezeit nach Verkehrsunfällen, Fuzzy-Neuro-Systeme '95, 3rd workshop, Darmstadt, pp. 73-80.
19. SieFuzzy. 1993. User's Manual Version 1.0, Siemens AG.
20. Takagi, T. and Sugeno, M. 1985. Fuzzy identification of systems and its applications to modeling and control, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, 15(1), 116-132.
21. Towell, G.G., Shavlik, J.W., and Noordewier, M.O. 1990. Refinement of approximately correct domain theories by knowledge-based neural networks. In Proceedings of the Eights National Conference on Artificial Intelligence, MA, pp. 861-866.
22. Tresp, V., Hollatz, J., and Ahmad, S. 1993. Network structuring and training using rule-based knowledge, to be published in Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 5. Über 1100 Urteile zur Höhe des Schmerzensgeldes mit den neuesten Entscheidungen deutscher und ausländischer Gerichte (German), München: ADAC-Verlag.