Fabrication of PMN and PFN ceramics by a two-stage sintering technique

Journal of the European Ceramic Society

Volumn 19, Issue 16, 1999, Pages 2917-2930

  Ananta, Supon ^a   Thomas, Noel W ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Dielectric properties; Lead iron niobate; Lead magnesium niobate; Perovskites; Sintering

Indexed keywords

DENSIFICATION; INCLUSIONS; IRON OXIDES; LEAD COMPOUNDS; MAGNESIA; MICROSTRUCTURE; PERMITTIVITY; PEROVSKITE; SINTERING; SYNTHESIS (CHEMICAL);

LEAD IRON NIOBATE; LEAD MAGNESIUM NIOBATE;

CERAMIC MATERIALS;

EID: 0033347911     PISSN: 09552219     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/s0955-2219(99)00062-x     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Okazaki K. Advanced technology in electroceramics in Japan. Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull. 67(12):1988;1946-1960.
2. Uchino K. Electrostrictive actuators: materials and Applications. Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull. 65:1986;647-652.
3. Shrout T.R., Halliyal A. Preparation of lead-based ferroelectric relaxor for capacitors. Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull. 66:1987;704-711.
4. Beck C.M., Thomas N.W., Thompson I. Cobalt-doping of lead magneisum niobium titanate: chemical control of dielectric properties. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 18:1998;1679-1684.
5. Beck C.M., Thomas N.W., Thompson I. Manganese-doping of lead magneisum niobium titanate: chemical control of dielectric properties. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 18:1998;1685-1693.
6. Imoto F., Ilda H. The formation process of lead magnesio-niobate in the solid state reaction. J. Ceram. Soc. Jap. 80:1972;25-31.
7. Kassarjian M.P., Newnham R.E., Biggers J.V. Sequence of reactions during calcining of lead-iron niobate dielectric ceramics. Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull. 64:1985;1111-1180.
8. 3. Mater. Res. Bull. 14:1979;769-774.
9. 3. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 73:1990;1214-1220.
10. 3 Ferroelectric Ceramics. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Part1. 32:1993;1142-1146.
11. 3. Ceram. Inter. 8:1982;99-103.
12. Shrout T.R., Swartz S.L. Dielectric properties of pyrochlore lead magnesium niobate. Mater. Res. Bull. 18:1983;663-667.
13. Dambekalne M., Brante I., Sternberg A. The formation process of complex lead-containing niobates. Ferroelectrics. 90:1989;1-14.
14. Chaput F., Boilot J.P., Lejeune M., Papiernik R., Hubert-Pfalzgraf L.G. Low-temperature route to lead magnesium niobate. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 72:1989;1355-1357.
15. Chen J., Harmer M.P. Microstructure and dielectric properties of lead magnesium niobate-pyrochlore diphasic mixtures. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 73:1990;68-73.
16. 5 based dielectrics. J. Mater. Res. 5:1990;629-639.
17. Wakiya N., Saiki A., Ishizawa N., Shinozaki K., Mizutani N. Crystal growth, crystal structure and chemical composition of pyrochlore type compound in lead-magnesium-niobium-oxygen system. Mat. Res. Bull. 28:1993;137-143.
18. Wakiya N., Kim B.H., Shinozaki K., Mizutani N. Composition range of cubic pyrochlore type compound in lead-magnesium-niobium-oxygen system. J. Ceram. Soc. Jap. 102:1994;612-615.
19. 6·39 pyrochlore. J. Eur. Ceram Soc. 17:1997;1033-1047.
20. 5 system. Brit. Ceram. Trans. 96:1997;41-49.
21. Swartz S.L., Shrout T.R. Fabrication of perovskite lead magnesium niobate. Mat. Res. Bull. 17:1982;1245-1250.
22. 8 and MgO. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 69:1986;287-288.
23. 3. Ceram. Inter. 9:1983;119-122.
24. Chen J., Gorton A., Chan H.M., Harmer M.P. Effect of powder purity and second phases on the dielectric properties of lead magnesium niobate ceramics. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 69:1986;303-305.
25. 3 and reaction mechanism. Ferroelectrics. 82:1989;119-126.
26. Butcher S.J., Daglish M. The use of magnesium carbonate hydroxide pentahydrate in the production of perovskite lead magnesium niobate. Duran P., Fernandez J.F. Third Euro-Ceramics Conference Proceedings. 1993;121-126 ERSC, Spain.
27. Ananta S., Thomas N.W. A modified two-stage mixed oxide synthetic route to lead magnesium niobate and lead iron niobate. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 19(2):1999;155-163.
28. Vilarinho P.M., Baptista J.L. Effect of excess of iron oxide and lead oxide on the microstructure and dielectric properties of lead-iron tungstate ceramics. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 11:1993;407-415.
29. Wang H.C., Schulze W.A. The role of excess magnesium oxide or lead oxide in determining the microstructure and properties of lead magnesium niobate. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 73:1990;825-832.
30. Goo E., Yamamoto T., Okazaki K. microstructure of lead-magnesium niobate ceramics. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 69:1986;188-190.
31. Sekar M.M.A., Halliyal A., Patil K.C. Synthesis, characterisation, and properties of lead-based relaxor ferroelectrics. J. Mater. Res. 11:1996;1210-1218.
32. Ananta, S. and Thomas, N. W., Relationships between sintering conditions, microstructure and dielectric properties of lead magnesium niobate. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 1999, 19(5), 629-635.
33. Ananta, S. and Thomas, N. W., Fabrication and characterisation of PFN ceramics. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., in press.
34. 3). Mat. Sci. Eng. B21:1993;26-35.
35. Lejeune M., Boilot J.P. Optimization of dielectric properties of lead-magnesium niobate ceramics. Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull. 64:1985;679-682.
36. Kassarjian M.P., Newnham R.E., Biggers J.V. Reduction of losses in lead-iron niobate dielectric ceramics. Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull. 64:1985;1245-1248.
37. Ananta, S. and Thomas, N.W., Mixed-sintering of PMN-PFN ceramic-ceramic composites. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. in preparation.