Visibility of road markings as a function of age, retroreflectivity under low-beam and high-beam illumination at night

Transportation Research Record

Volumn , Issue 1692, 1999, Pages 152-163

  Zwahlen, Helmut T ^a   Schnell, Thomas ^b  

^a US Institute of Navigation   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF IOWA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AUTOMOBILE DRIVERS; ERGONOMICS; HEADLIGHTS; HIGHWAY TRAFFIC CONTROL; LIGHTING; PAVEMENTS; VISIBILITY;

HEADLAMP ILLUMINATION; PAVEMENT MARKINGS; RETROREFLECTIVITY; TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICES; TRAFFIC WEAR;

ROAD AND STREET MARKINGS;

EID: 0033315988     PISSN: 03611981     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3141/1692-16     Document Type: Article

References (12)

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3. Zwahlen, H. T., and T. Schnell. Visibility of Yellow Center Line Pavement Markings as a Function of Line Configuration and Line Width. Proc., 40th Annual Meeting of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 1996, pp. 919-922.
4. Zwahlen, H. T., and T. Schnell. Visibility of New Dashed Yellow and White Center Stripes as a Function of Material Retroreflectivity. In Transportation Research Record 1553, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1996, pp. 73-80.
5. Zwahlen, H. T., T. Hagiwara, and T. Schnell. Visibility of New Yellow Center Stripes as a Function of Obliteration. In Transportation Research Record 1495, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1995, pp. 77-86.
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7. Zwahlen, H. T., and T. Schnell. Modeling the Visibility of Pavement Markings at Night Using the Contrast Based Computer Model CARVE. Proc., 1996 International Road Federation Asia-Pacific Regional Meeting. Vol. II, The Role of Transportation in Economic Development Asian Highway Investment, 1996, pp. 221-230.
8. Zwahlen, H. T., and T. Schnell. Visibility of Pavement Markings at Night. Presented at International Ergonomics Association 13th Triennial Congress, Tampere, Finland, June 29 to July 4, 1997.
9. Zwahlen, H. T., and T. Schnell. A Combined Age-Background Luminance Contrast Multiplication Function to Adjust the Human Contrast Threshold More Accurately in Visibility and Legibility Evaluations. PAL Symposium Proc. Technische Hochschule Darmstadt, 1995, pp. 240-247.
10. Blackwell, H. R. Contrast Thresholds of the Human Eye. Journal of the Optical Society of America, Vol. 36, No. 11, 1946.
11. Zwahlen, H. T., and T. Schnell. Driver Eye Scanning Behavior at Night as a Function of Pavement Marking Configuration. Presented at 76th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., Jan. 12-16, 1997, paper 97-1422.
12. Owsley, C., R. Sekuler, and D. Siemsen. Contrast Sensitivity Throughout Adulthood. Vision Research, Vol. 23, No. 7, 1983, pp. 689-699.