Behind the Turkish-Israeli alliance: A Turkish view

Journal of Palestine Studies

Volumn 29, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 21-35

  Bolukbasi, Suha ^a  

^a MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY   (Turkey)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS; GEOPOLITICS; INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS; TRADE RELATIONS;

ISRAEL; TURKEY;

EID: 0033305309     PISSN: 0377919X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/2676428     Document Type: Article

References (80)

1. Turkish Daily News, 16 January 1998, p. 1.
2. Amikam Nachmani, Israel, Turkey and Greece: Uneasy Relations in the Eastern Mediterranean (London: Frank Cass, 1987); George E. Gruen, "Dynamic Progress in Turkish-Israeli Relations," Israel Affairs 1, no. 4 (Summer 1995), pp. 40-70.
3. Amikam Nachmani, Israel, Turkey and Greece: Uneasy Relations in the Eastern Mediterranean (London: Frank Cass, 1987); George E. Gruen, "Dynamic Progress in Turkish-Israeli Relations," Israel Affairs 1, no. 4 (Summer 1995), pp. 40-70.
4. Ömer Kürkçüoglu, Türkiye'nin Arap Ortadoǧusuna Kar§i Politikasi, 1945-1970 [Turkey's policy toward the Arab Middle East] (Ankara: SBF, 1972), pp. 21-32.
5. Bruce Kuniholm, The Origins of the Cold War in the Near East (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1980), p. 66.
6. U.S. Department of State, Recommendations on Greece and Turkey, Publication No. 2785, Near Eastern Studies, No. 6, n.d.
7. Turkish Information Office, Turkey's Foreign Relations in 1952 (New York Author, 1952), p. 6.
8. Cumhuriyet, 21 July 1951.
9. George E. Gruen, "Turkey's Relations with Israel and Its Arab Neighbors," Middle East Review (Spring 1985), p. 36.
10. Ibid.
11. See Kemal Karpat, Turkey's Foreign Policy in Transition: 1950-1974 (Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1975), p. 116.
12. Ferenc A. Vali, Bridge across the Bosphorus (Baltimore: John Hopkins Press, 1971), p. 282.
13. George E Gruen, "Turkey, Israel and the Palestine Question, 1948-1960: A Study in the Diplomacy of Ambivalence" (Ph.D. diss., Columbia University, 1970), pp. 342-44.
14. Mehmet Gonlubol et al., Olaylarla Turk Diş Politikast [Events in Turkish foreign policy] (Ankara: SBF, 1982), p. 259.
15. Gruen, "Turkey, Israel and the Palestine Question," pp. 342-44.
16. The Middle East, February 1981, p. 30.
17. Gonlubol et al., Olaylarla Türk Dis̀ Politikast, p. 303.
18. Vali, Bridge across the Bosphorus, p. 301.
19. UN General Assembly Official Records, 1956-57, Annexes, Agenda Item 55, p. 18; UN General Assembly Official Records, 1958-59, Annexes, Agenda Item 68, pp. 14-19.
20. UN General Assembly Official Records, 1956-57, Annexes, Agenda Item 55, p. 18; UN General Assembly Official Records, 1958-59, Annexes, Agenda Item 68, pp. 14-19.
21. United Nations, Document A/5552/ADD.1, 1965.
22. Yearbook of the United Nations, 1955 (New York Columbia University Press, 1956), pp. 65-68.
23. Yearbook of the United Nations, 1960 (New York: United Nations, 1901), pp. 135-36.
24. Akis, 2 August 1958, p. 7.
25. "President Johnson's Letter to Prime Minister Inönü,"Middle East Journal 20, no. 3 (Summer 1966), p. 387.
26. Milliyet, 11 June 1964, p. 1.
27. Alvin Z. Rubinstein, Soviet Policy Toward Iran, Turkey and Afghanistan (New York: Praeger, 1982), p. 26.
28. Ibid, 27.
29. Dişişleri Bakanli ǧi Belleteni, no. 5 (February 1965), p. 61.
30. Dis̀is̀leri Bakanli ǧi Belleteni, no. 24 (September 1966), p. 47.
31. Cumhuriyet, 1 June 1967, p. 1.
32. UN General Assembly, Official Records, 1532nd Plenary Meeting, 22 June 1967, p. 1.
33. Mahmut Aykan, Turkey's Role in the Organization of the Islamic Conference, 1960-1992 (New York Vantage Press, 1994).
34. Milliyet, 23 September 1969, p. 1.
35. Suha Bolukbasi, The Superpowers and the Third World: Turkish-American Relations and Cyprus (Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1988), pp. 185-219.
36. Congressional Record, 24 September 1974, Vol. 120, pt. 24, p. 32430.
37. Gruen, "Dynamic Progress," p. 40.
38. Milliyet, 11 May 1976, p. 7.
39. Ankara Domestic Service, 28 August 1980, in FBIS/WE, 29 August 1980, p. T1.
40. Ankara Domestic Service, 2 December 1980, in FBIS/WE, 3 December 1980, p. T1.
41. Christian Science Monitor, 26 August 1981, p. 5.
42. Republic of Turkey, State Institute of Statistics, Foreign Trade Statistics, Ankara, 1978-82.
43. Ibid.
44. Republic of Turkey, State Institute of Statistics, Foreign Trade Statistics, Ankara, 1983.
45. Milliyet, 16 November 1988, p. 13.
46. Cumhuriyet, 13 January 1987.
47. John Kolars, "The Hydro-Imperative of Turkey's Search For Energy," Middle East Journal 40, no. 1 (Winter 1986), pp. 53-67.
48. Suha Bolukbasi, "Turkey Challenges Iraq and Syria: The Euphrates Dispute," Journal of South Asian and Middle Eastern Studies 16, no. 4 (Summer 1993), p. 13.
49. Philip Robins, Turkey and the Middle East (London: Pinter, 1991), p. 89.
50. Gunes, 10 May 1990, pp. 1, 12.
51. Bolukbasi, "Turkey Challenges," p. 25.
52. Milliyet, 7 May 1990, p. 10.
53. Milliyet, 4 May 1990, p. 9.
54. Öcalan unsuccessfully sought political asylum in Russia, Italy, and Greece. After considering various options, the Greek government covertly sent Öcalan to Kenya in February 1999, where he was sheltered at the Greek embassy for about two weeks. On 15 February 1999, he was handed over to Turkish intelligence officials in Nairobi by Kenyan authorities after they convinced the Greek ambassador to turn him over to them. At the end of his trial in June 1999, Öcalan was sentenced to death.
55. Suha Bolukbasi, "Ankara, Damascus, Baghdad, and the Regionalization of Turkey's Kurdish Secessionism," Journal of South Asian and Middle Eastern Studies 14, no. 4 (Summer 1991), pp. 15-36.
56. Hurriyet, 20 December 1991, p. 18.
57. Republic of Turkey, State Institute of Statistics, Monthly Economic Indicators, June 1992, pp. 27-34, cited in Gruen, "Dynamic Progress," p. 53.
58. Republic of Turkey, State Institute of Statistics, Monthly Economic Indicators, June 1992, pp. 27-34, cited in Gruen, "Dynamic Progress," p. 53.
59. Text of the agreement from Resmi Gazete, 11 September 1992, as reproduced in Gruen, "Dynamic Progress," pp. 55-56.
60. Text of the agreement from Resmi Gazete, 11 September 1992, as reproduced in Gruen, "Dynamic Progress," pp. 55-56.
61. Ibid.
62. Focus on the Turkish World (New York World Turkish Congress, March 1994), pp. 9-10.
63. Middle East Economic Digest (MEED), 18 November 1994, p. 36.
64. Gruen, "Dynamic Progress," p. 59.
65. MEED, 27 January 1995, p. 10.
66. MEED, 25 November 1994, p. 38.
67. MEED, 17 February 1995, p. 31.
68. MEED, 2 February 1996, p. 28.
69. MEED, 17 May 1996, p. 8.
70. Turkish Probe, 16 May 1997, p. 13.
71. MEED, 17 May 1996, p. 8.
72. Turkish Probe, 7 June 1996, p. 3.
73. Turkish Probe, 23 May 1997, p. 9.
74. Turkish Probe, 14 March 1997, p. 20. As of August 1999, Turkey had not yet made a decision on the offer.
75. Turkish Probe, 17 October 1997, p. 11.
76. Turkish Probe, 11 January 1998, p. 3.
77. Turkish Probe, 5 September 1997, p. 8; idem, 16 May 1997, pp. 12-13.
78. Turkish Probe, 14 March 1997, p. 20.
79. Turkish Probe, 9 May 1997, p. 12.
80. Turkish Probe, 11 April 1997, p. 14.