Detection and Assessment of Congenital Heart Disease with Magnetic Resonance Techniques

Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance

Volumn 1, Issue 2, 1999, Pages 169-184

  Nienaber, Christoph A ^a   Rehders, Tim C ^a   Fratz, Sohrab ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER HAMBURG EPPENDORF   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CONGENITAL HEART MALFORMATION; HEART; HISTOLOGY; HUMAN; METHODOLOGY; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; POSTOPERATIVE CARE; PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT; REVIEW;

HEART; HEART DEFECTS, CONGENITAL; HUMANS; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; POSTOPERATIVE CARE;

EID: 0033302252     PISSN: 10976647     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3109/10976649909080847     Document Type: Review

References (82)

1. Canter CE, Guitierrez FR, Mirowitz, et al. Evaluation of pulmonary morphology in cyanotic congenital heart disease by magnetic resonance imaging. Am Heart J, 1989; 118:347-354.
2. Formanek AG, Witcofski RL, D'Souza VJ, et al. MR imaging of the central pulmonary arterial tree in conotruncal malformation. AJR Am J Roentgenol, 1986; 147:1127.
3. Link KM and Lesko NM. Magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of congenital heart disease. Magn Reson Imaging, 1991; 7:173-190.
4. Szolar DH, Sakuma H and Higgins CB. Cardiovascular applications of magnetic resonance flow and velocity measurements. JMRI, 1996; 1:78-89.
5. Fletcher BD, Jacobstein MD, Nelson AD, et al. Gated magnetic resonance imaging of congenital cardiac malformations. Radiology, 1984; 150:137-144.
6. Hasse A, Frahm J, Matthaei D, et al. FLASH imaging: Rapid NMR imaging using low flip angle pulses. J Magn Reson, 1986; 67:258-264.
7. Dinsmore RE, Wismer GL, Levine RA, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of the heart: Positioning and gradient angle selection for optimal imaging planes. AJR Am J Roentgenol, 1984; 143:1135-1141.
8. Bradley WG and Waluch V. Blood flow: Magnetic resonance imaging. Radiology, 1985; 154:443-449.
9. Hirsch R, Kilner PJ, Connelly MS, et al. Diagnosis in adolescents and adults with congenital heart disease: Prospective assessment of individual and combined roles of magnetic resonance imaging and transesophageal echocardiography. Circulation, 1994; 90:2937-2951.
10. Doornbos J and deRoos A. Imaging strategy in cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. In: van der Wall EE and deRoos A, eds. Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Coronary Artery Disease. Dordrecht: Kluwer, 1991.
11. Chung KJ, Simpson IA, Newman R, et al. Cine magnetic resonance imaging for evaluation of congenital heart disease: Role in pediatric cardiology compared with echocardiography and angiography. J Pediatr, 1988; 113: 1028-1036.
12. Chung KJ, Simpson IA, Glass RF, et al. Cine magnetic resonance imaging after surgical repair in patients with transposition of the great arteries. Circulation, 1988; 77: 104-109.
13. Van Rugge FP, van der Wall EE, van Dijkman PRM, et al. Usefulness of ultrafast magnetic resonance imaging in healed myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol, 1992; 70: 1233-1240.
14. Davis CP, McKinnon GC, Debatin JF, et al. Normal heart: Evaluation with echo-planar MR imaging. Radiology, 1994; 191:691-697.
15. Manning WJ, Atkinson DJ, Grossman W, et al. First-pass nuclear magnetic resonance imaging studies using gadolinium-DTPA in patients with coronary artery disease. J Am Coll Cardiol, 1991; 18:959-966
16. Guifoyle DN, Gibbs P, Ordidge RJ, et al. Real-time flow measurements using echo-planar imaging. Magn Reson Med, 1991; 18:1-9.
17. Wendland MF, Saeed M, Masui T, et al. Echo-planar MR imaging of normal and ischemic myocardium with gadodiamide injection. Radiology, 1993; 186:535-540.
18. Seelos KC, von Smekal A, Vahlensieck M, et al. Cardiac abnormalities: Assessment with T2-weighted turbo spin-echo MR imaging with electrocardiogram gating at 0.5 T. Radiology, 1993; 189: 517-522.
19. Nienaber CN, von Kodolitsch Y, Petersen B, Loose R, Helmchen U, Haverich A and Spielmann RP. Intramural hemorrhage of the thoracic aorta: Diagnostic and therapeutic implications. Circulation, 1995; 92:1465-1472.
20. Prince MR, Narasimham DL, Jacoby WT, Williams DM, et al. Three-dimensional gadolinium-enhanced MR angiography of the thoracic aorta. AJA Am J Roentgenol, 1996; 166:1387-1397.
21. Bradley WG. Flow phenomena in MR imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol, 1988; 150:983-989.
22. Mohiaddin RH and Longmore DB. Functional aspects of cardiovascular nuclear magnetic resonance imaging: Techniques and application. Circulation, 1993; 88:264-269.
23. Rebergen SA, van der Wall EE, Doornbos J, et al. Magnetic resonance measurement of velocity and flow: Technique, validation, and clinical applications. Am Heart J, 1993; 126:1439-1445.
24. Finnin DN, Nayler GL, Klipstein RH, et al. In vivo validation of MR velocity imaging. J Comput Assist Tomogr, 1987; 11:751-758.
25. Mohiaddin RH, Wann SL, Underwood R, et al. Vena caval flow: Assessment with cine MR velocity mapping. Radiology, 1990; 177:537-543.
26. Mohiaddin RH, Amanuma M, Kilner PJ, et al. MR phase-shift velocity mapping of mitral and pulmonary venous flow. J Comput Assist Tomogr, 1991; 15:237-242.
27. Mohiaddin RH, Paz R, Theodoropoulos S, et al. Magnetic resonance characterization of pulmonary arterial blood flow after single lung transplantation. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 1991; 101:1016-1020.
28. 27a. Brenner LD, Caputo GR, Mostbeck G, et al. Quantification of left to right atrial shunts with velocity-encoded cine nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. J Am Coll Cordiol, 1992; 20:1246-1250.
29. Prince MR, Narasimham DL, Jacoby WT, Williams DM, et al. Three-dimensional gadolinium-enhanced MR angiography of the thoracic aorta. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1996; 166:1387-1397.
30. Krinsky GA, Rofsky NM, DeCorato DR, Weinreb JC, et al. Thoracic aorta: Comparison of gadolinium-enhanced three-dimensional MR angiography with conventional MR imaging. Radiology, 1997; 202:183-193.
31. Van Praagh R. The segmental approach to diagnosis in congenital heart disease. Birth Defects, 1972; 8:4-12.
32. Eidemiler LR and Keane JM. Development of the heart. In: Pearson AA, ed. The Development of the Cardiovascular System. Portland, OR: University of Oregon Medical School Printing Department; 1968:42-65.
33. Moore KL. The Circulatory System: The Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 1977:24-50.
34. Netter FH. Embryology. In: Yonkman FF, ed. The CIBA Collection of Medical Illustrations. West Caldwell, NJ: CIBA; 1978:112-128.
35. Landing BH, Lawrence TK, Payne VC, Wells TR. Bronchial anatomy in syndromes with abnormal visceral situs, abnormal spleen and congenital heart disease. Am J Cardiol, 1971; 28:456-460.
36. Partridge JB, Scott O, Deverall PB and Macartney FJ. Visualization and measurement of the main bronchi by tomography as an objective indicator of thoracic situs in congenital heart disease. Circulation, 1975; 51:188-195.
37. Van Mierop LHS, Eisen S and Schiebler GL. The radiographic appearance of the tracheobronchial tree as an indicator of visceral situs. Am J Cardiol, 1970; 26:432-440.
38. Masui T, Seelos KC, Kersting-Sommerhoff BA, et al. Abnormalities of the pulmonary veins: Evaluation with MR imaging and comparison with cardiac angiography and echocardiography. Radiology, 1991; 181:645-651.
39. Huggon IC, Baker EJ, Maisey MN, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of hearts with atrioventricular valve atresia or double inlet ventricle. Br Heart J, 1992; 68:313-319.
40. Kersting-Sommerhoff BA, Diethelm L, Stanger P, et al. Evaluation of complex congenital ventricular anomalies with magnetic resonance imaging. Am Heart J, 1990; 120:133-140.
41. Parsons JM, Baker EJ, Anderson RH, et al. Double-outlet right ventricle: Morphologic demonstration using nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. J Am Coll Cardiol, 1991; 18:168-175.
42. Rebergen SA, Guit GL and de Roos A. Double outlet left ventricle: Assessment with magnetic resonance imaging. Br Heart J, 1991; 66:381-390.
43. Perloff JK. The Clinical Recognition of Congenital Heart Disease. 4th ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 1994:69.
44. Van Praagh R, Ongley PA and Swan HJC. Anatomic types of single or common ventricles in man: morphologic and geometric aspects of 60 necropsied cases. Am J Cardiol, 1964; 13:367-386.
45. Guit, GL, Bluemm R, Rohmer J, et al. Levotransposition of the aorta: Identification of segmental cardiac anatomy using MR imaging. Radiology, 1986; 161:673-679.
46. Kersting-Sommerhoff BA, Sechtem UP, Fisher MR and Higgins CB. MR imaging of congenital anomalies of the aortic arch. AJR Am J Roentgenol, 1987; 149:9-15.
47. Lowe GM, Donaldson JS and Backer CL. Vascular rings: 10 year review of imaging. Radiographics, 1991; 11: 637-641.
48. Kersting-Sommerhoff BA, Diethelm L, Teitel DF, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of congenital heart disease: Sensitivity and specificity using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Am Heart J, 1989; 118:155-161.
49. Rees RSO, Somerville J, Underwood SE, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of the pulmonary arteries and their systemic connections in pulmonary atresia: Comparison with angiographic and surgical findings. Br Heart J, 1987; 58:621-626.
50. Bornemeier RA, Weinberg PM, Fogel MA. Angiographic, echocardiographic, and three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging of extracardiac conduits in congenital heart disease. Am J Cardiol, 1996; 78:713-717.
51. Baker EJ, Ayton V, Smith MA, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging at a high field strength of ventricular septal defects in infants. Br Heart J, 1989; 62:305-309.
52. Didier D and Higgins CB. Identification and localization of ventricular septal defect by gated magnetic resonance imaging. Am J Cardiol, 1986; 57:1363-1371.
53. Diethelm L, Dery R, Lopton MJ, et al. Atrial-level shunts: sensitivity and specificity of MR in diagnosis. Radiology, 1987; 152:181-188.
54. Kersting-Sommerhoff BA, Sechtem UP and Higgins CB. Evaluation of pulmonary blood supply by nuclear magnetic resonance in patients with pulmonary atresia. J Am Coll Cardiol, 1988; 11:166-172.
55. Sechtem UP, Pfugfelder P, Cassidy MC, et al. Ventricular septal defect: Visualization of shunt flow and determination of shunt size by cine MR imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol, 1987; 149:689-694.
56. Fogel MA and Rychik J. Right ventricular function in congenital heart disease: Pressure and volume overload lesions. Prog Cardiovasc Dis, 1998; 40:343-356.
57. Van Praagh R. The importance of segmental situs in the diagnosis of congenital heart disease. Semin Roentgenol, 1985; 20:254-261.
58. Stanger P, Rudolph AM and Edwards JE. Cardiac malpositions: an overview based on study of sixty-five necropsy specimens. Circulation, 1977; 56:159-172.
59. Park ET, Han MC and Kim C. MR imaging of congenitally corrected transposition of the great vessels in adults. AJR Am J Roentgenol, 1989; 143:491-497.
60. Stewart JR, Kincaid OW and Edwards JE. An Atlas of Vascular Rings and Related Malformations of the Aortic Arch System. Springfield, IL: Charles C Thomas; 1964.
61. Link KM. Great vessels. In: Stark DD, Bradley WG Jr, eds. Magnetic Resonance Imaging. 2nd ed. St. Louis: Mosby-Year Book; 1991:1490-1530.
62. Bisset GS III, Strife JL, Kirks DR and Bailey WW. Vascular rings: MR imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol, 1987; 149:251-258.
63. Freedom RM, Culham JAG and Moes CAF. Angiocardiography of Congenital Heart Disease. New York: Macmillan; 1984.
64. Connelly MS, Webb GD, Somerville J, Warnes CA, Perloff JK, et al. Canadian consensus conference on adult congenital heart disease 1996. Can J Cordiol, 1998; 14: 395-452.
65. Bank ER, Aisen AM, Rocchini AP, et al. Coarctation of the aorta in children undergoing angioplasty: Pretreatment and posttreatment MR imaging. Radiology, 1987; 162:235-240.
66. Julsrud PR, Breen JF, Felmlee JP, Warnes CA, et al. Coarctation of the aorta: Collateral flow assessment with phase-contrast MR angiography. AJR Am J Roentgenol, 1997; 169:1735-1742.
67. Oshinski JN, Parks WJ, Markou CP, Bergman HL, et al. Improved measurement of pressure gradients in aortic coarctation by magnetic resonance imaging. J Am Coll Cardiol, 1996; 28:1818-1826.
68. Helbing WA, Niezen RA, Le Cessie S, van der Geest RJ, et al. Right ventricular diastolic function in children with pulmonary regurgitation after repair of tetralogy of Fallot: Volumetric evaluation by magnetic resonance velocity mapping. J Am Coll Cardiol, 1996; 28:1827-1835.
69. Marie PY, Marcon F, Brunotte F, et al. Right ventricular overload and induced sustained ventricular tachycardia in operatively "repaired" tetralogy of Fallot. Am J Cardiol, 1992; 69:785-791.
70. Rebergen SA, Chin JG, Ottenkamp J, et al. Pulmonary regurgitation in the late postoperative follow-up of tetralogy of Fallot: Volumetric quantification by nuclear magnetic resonance velocity mapping. Circulation, 1993; 88: 2257-2266.
71. Niwa K, Uchishiba M, Aotsuka H, Tobita K, et al. Measurement of ventricular volumes by cine magnetic resonance imaging in complex congenital heart disease with morphologically abnormal ventricles. Am Heart J, 1996; 131:567-575.
72. Mogelvang J, Stubgaard M, Thomsen C, et al. Evaluation of right ventricular volumes measured by magnetic resonance imaging. Eur Heart J, 1988; 9:529-536.
73. Martinez JE, Mohiaddin RH, Kilner PJ, et al. Obstruction in extracardiac ventriculopulmonary conduits: Value of nuclear magnetic resonance imaging with velocity mapping and Doppler echocardiography. J Am Coll Cardiol, 1992; 20:338-343.
74. Eichenberger AC, Jenni R, Von Schulthess GK. Aortic valve pressure gradients in patients with aortic valve stenosis: Quantification with velocity-encoded cine MR imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol, 1993; 160:971-976.
75. Fontan F and Baudet E. Surgical repair of tricuspid atresia. Thorax, 1971; 26:240-248.
76. DeLeon SY, Ilbawi MN, Idriss FS, et al. Fontan type operation for complex lesions. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 1986; 92:1029-1036.
77. Rebergen SA, Ottenkamp J, Doornbos J, et al. Postoperative pulmonary flow dynamics after Fontan surgery: Assessment with nuclear magnetic resonance velocity mapping. J Am Coll Cardiol, 1993; 21:123-131.
78. Caputo GR, Kondo C, Masui T, et al. Right and left lung perfusion: In vitro and in vivo validation with obliqueangle velocity-encoded cine MR imaging. Radiology, 1991; 180:693-699.
79. Bogren HG, Klipstein RH, Mohiaddin RH, et al. Pulmonary artery distensibility and blood flow patterns: A magnetic resonance study of normal subjects and of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Am Heart J, 1989; 118:990-995.
80. Kondo C, Caputo GR, Masui T, et al. Pulmonary hypertension: Pulmonary flow quantification and flow profile analysis with velocity-encoded cine MR imaging. Radiology, 1992; 183:751-758.
81. Rebergen SA, Helbing WA, van der Wall EE, et al. MR velocity mapping of tricuspid flow in healthy children and patients who have undergone Mustard or Senning repair. Radiology, 1995; 194:505-511.
82. Boxerman JL, Mosher TJ, McVeigh ER, Atalar E, Lima JAC and Bluemke DA. Advanced MR imaging techniques for evaluation of the heart and great vessels. RadioGraphics, 1998; 18:543-564.