Punitive juvenile justice policies and the impact on minority youth

Federal Probation

Volumn 63, Issue 2, 1999, Pages 11-15

  Finley, Michael ^a   Schindler, Marc ^a  

^a Youth Law Center   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0033259777     PISSN: 00149128     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Federal Bureau of Investigation, Uniform Crime Reports for the United States 1995 216 (1995); Michael A. Jones and Barry Krisberg, Images and Reality: Juvenile Crime, Youth Violence and Public Policy 37 (National Council on Crime and Delinquency 1994).
2. Federal Bureau of Investigation, Uniform Crime Reports for the United States 1995 216 (1995); Michael A. Jones and Barry Krisberg, Images and Reality: Juvenile Crime, Youth Violence and Public Policy 37 (National Council on Crime and Delinquency 1994).
3. Donna M. Bishop, et al., "The Transfer of Juveniles to Criminal Court: Does It Make A Difference," 42 Crime and Delinquency, 171 (1996); Jeffrey Fagan, "Separating the Men From the Boys: The Comparative Advantage of Juvenile Versus Criminal Court Sanctions on Recidivism Among Adolescent Felony Offenders," A Sourcebook on Serious, Violent and Chronic Offenders (Sage Press 1995).
4. Donna M. Bishop, et al., "The Transfer of Juveniles to Criminal Court: Does It Make A Difference," 42 Crime and Delinquency, 171 (1996); Jeffrey Fagan, "Separating the Men From the Boys: The Comparative Advantage of Juvenile Versus Criminal Court Sanctions on Recidivism Among Adolescent Felony Offenders," A Sourcebook on Serious, Violent and Chronic Offenders (Sage Press 1995).
5. Dilulio, J. (1995, November 27). The coming of super-predators. Weekly Standard, 1, 23-28.
6. Frank D. Gilliam, Jr. and Shanto Iyengar, "Super-Predators or Wayward Youth? Framing Effects in Crime New Coverage," The Dynamics of Issue Framing: Elite Discourse and the Formation of Public Opinion (Cambridge Univ. Press, In press); Franklin D. Gilliam, Jr., et al., "Crime in Black and White: The Violent, Scary World of Local News," 1 Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics (1996); Franklin Gilliam, Jr., and Shanto Iyengar, "Violence and Race in Television News Coverage of Crime: Does It Matter?" (Paper prepared for the Benton Foundation Conference on Media and Society, September 1995); Lori Dorfman and Katie Woodruff, "Local TV News, Violence, and Youth: who Speaks? (Paper prepared for Media Matters: The Institute on News and Social Problems, September 1995).
7. Frank D. Gilliam, Jr. and Shanto Iyengar, "Super-Predators or Wayward Youth? Framing Effects in Crime New Coverage," The Dynamics of Issue Framing: Elite Discourse and the Formation of Public Opinion (Cambridge Univ. Press, In press); Franklin D. Gilliam, Jr., et al., "Crime in Black and White: The Violent, Scary World of Local News," 1 Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics (1996); Franklin Gilliam, Jr., and Shanto Iyengar, "Violence and Race in Television News Coverage of Crime: Does It Matter?" (Paper prepared for the Benton Foundation Conference on Media and Society, September 1995); Lori Dorfman and Katie Woodruff, "Local TV News, Violence, and Youth: who Speaks? (Paper prepared for Media Matters: The Institute on News and Social Problems, September 1995).
8. Frank D. Gilliam, Jr. and Shanto Iyengar, "Super-Predators or Wayward Youth? Framing Effects in Crime New Coverage," The Dynamics of Issue Framing: Elite Discourse and the Formation of Public Opinion (Cambridge Univ. Press, In press); Franklin D. Gilliam, Jr., et al., "Crime in Black and White: The Violent, Scary World of Local News," 1 Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics (1996); Franklin Gilliam, Jr., and Shanto Iyengar, "Violence and Race in Television News Coverage of Crime: Does It Matter?" (Paper prepared for the Benton Foundation Conference on Media and Society, September 1995); Lori Dorfman and Katie Woodruff, "Local TV News, Violence, and Youth: who Speaks? (Paper prepared for Media Matters: The Institute on News and Social Problems, September 1995).
9. Frank D. Gilliam, Jr. and Shanto Iyengar, "Super-Predators or Wayward Youth? Framing Effects in Crime New Coverage," The Dynamics of Issue Framing: Elite Discourse and the Formation of Public Opinion (Cambridge Univ. Press, In press); Franklin D. Gilliam, Jr., et al., "Crime in Black and White: The Violent, Scary World of Local News," 1 Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics (1996); Franklin Gilliam, Jr., and Shanto Iyengar, "Violence and Race in Television News Coverage of Crime: Does It Matter?" (Paper prepared for the Benton Foundation Conference on Media and Society, September 1995); Lori Dorfman and Katie Woodruff, "Local TV News, Violence, and Youth: who Speaks? (Paper prepared for Media Matters: The Institute on News and Social Problems, September 1995).
10. Howard N. Snyder and Melissa Sickmund, Juvenile Offenders and Victims: 1999 National Report (Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention 1999).
11. Id. at 197. Note: Residential facilities include 3,401 youth in private facilities for whom state of offense was not reported.
12. Melissa Sickmund, Howard Snyder and Eileen Poe-Yamagata (August 1997). Juvenile Offenders and Victims: 1997 Update on Violence. Washington, DC: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, p. 42.
13. Sickmund and Snyder, p. 154.
14. James Austin, Barry Krisberg, Robert DeComo, Sonya Rudenstine, Dominic Del Rosario (September 1995). Juveniles Taken Into Custody: Fiscal Year 1993. Washington, DC: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, Figure 3-17, p. 77.
15. Sickmund and Snyder, p. 154.
16. Id. at 195.
17. Jones and Krisberg, Images and Reality, at 6.
18. Donna Hamparian and Michael J. Leiber. Disproportionate Confinement of Minority Juveniles in Secure Facilities: 1996 National Report. Washington, DC: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, p. 14-15.
19. Amnesty International, Betraying the Young.
20. Sickmund and Snyder, p. 171-73.
21. Griffin, P., Torbet, P., and Szymanski, L, 1998.
22. Butts, J. and Harrell, A., 1998.
23. Marc Mauer (January 1997). Intended and Unintended Consequences: State Racial Disparities in Imprisonment. The Sentencing Project.
24. Hobbling a Generation: African American Males in the District of Columbia's Criminal Justice System (NCIA, Washington, DC, March 1992); Hobbling II, African American Males in Baltimore's Criminal Justice System (NCIA, Washington, DC, June 1992).
25. Hobbling a Generation: African American Males in the District of Columbia's Criminal Justice System (NCIA, Washington, DC, March 1992); Hobbling II, African American Males in Baltimore's Criminal Justice System (NCIA, Washington, DC, June 1992).
26. Marc Mauer (January 1997). Intended and Unintended Consequences: State Racial Disparities in Imprisonment. The Sentencing Project.
27. Id.
28. Amnesty International Report: United States of America: Betraying the Young, November 1998, p. 39.
29. Donna Bishop and Charles E. Frazier, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, 1998, and keynote address, National Association of Sentencing Advocates Conference, Miami, Florida, April 15, 1999.
30. Lessons Learned article.