Indicators for sustainable agriculture - A theoretical framework for classifying and assessing indicators

Agricultural and Food Science in Finland

Volumn 8, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 265-283

  Yli Viikari, Anja ^a  

^a FINNISH FOREST RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Finland)

Author keywords

Agriculture; Ecological sustainability; Economic sustainability; Indicators; Social sustainability

Indexed keywords

ANIMALIA;

EID: 0033248007     PISSN: 12390992     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.23986/afsci.5628     Document Type: Article

References (74)

1. Aakkula, J. 1993. Measuring the value of nonmarket commodities from the viewpoint of decision making: the case of the Finnish Agricultural Countryside Environment (FACE). In: Kettunen, L., Aakkula, J. & Pirttijärvi, R. De ekonomiska aspekterna av miljömässiga hänsyn I lantbruket -problem, effekter och politik. NJF-utredning/rapport 69: 7-39.
2. - 1997. Maaseutuympäristö taloudellisena arvona. (The rural environment as an economic value). In: Luostarinen, M. & Yli-Viikari, A. (eds.). 1997. Maaseudun kulttuurimaisemat. Suomen ympäristökeskus ja Maatalouden tutkimuskeskus. Suomen ympäristö 87: 35-45.
3. - (ed.). 1999. Kestävä kehitys maa-ja elintarviketaloudessa: käsitteet, mittaaminen ja arviointi. Maatalouden taloudellinen tutkimuslaitos. Selvityksiä 5. 41 p.
4. Abrahmsen, J. 1996. Miljönyckeltal -indikatorer på en hållbar utveckling. Sveriges landbruksuniversitet. Institutionen för ekonomi. Naturresurs-och miljö-ekonomi. Examenarbete 161. Uppsala. 77 p.
5. Adriaanse, A., Bringezu, S., Hammond, A., Moriguchi, Y., Rodenburg, E., Rogich, D. & Shütz, H. 1997. Resource flows: The material basis of industrial economies. World Resources Institute. Washington. 66 p.
6. Barret, G. 1992. Landscape ecology: Designing sustainable agricultural landscapes. In: Integrating sustainable agriculture, ecology and environmental policy. Hawort Press, p. 83-103.
7. Bastian, O. 1991. Biotische Komponenten in der Landschaftsforschung und -planung. Probleme ihrer Erfassung und Bewertung. Habitilationsschrift. M.-Luther-Univeristät-Halle-Wittenberg. 214 p.
8. Benestad, O. 1992. Towards a categorization of concepts for sustainable energy policy: Motivations, possible responses, barriers, policy instruments, experiences and identified results in Nordic countries. University of Oslo, SUM Working paper 1992: 4.
9. Bergh, J. van der. 1996. Ecological economics and sustainable development. Theory, methods and applications. Department of Spatial Economics. Vrije Universiteit. Amsterdam. 312 p.
10. Billharz, S. & Moldan, B. (eds). 1997. Sustainability indicators. Report of the project on Indicators of Sustainable Development. Scientific committee on problems of the environment (SCOPE). West Sussex. 415 p.
11. Brown, B.J., Hanson, M.E. Liverman, D..M. & Merideth, R.W. 1987. Global sustainability: Towards definition. Environmental Management 11: 713-719.
12. Bryden, J. & Shucksmith, M. 1998. The concept of sustainability in relation to agriculture and rural development in the European Union. Craft August 1998. Arkleton Centre for Rural Development Research. University of Aberdeen.
13. Castren, H. 1997. Kotieläinten käyttäytyminen ja hyvinvointi. Helsingin yliopiston Maaseudun tutkimus-ja koulutuskeskus. Julkaisuja 52. Mikkeli. 170 p.
14. Dahl, A.L. 1997. The big picture: comprehensive approaches. Introduction. In: Moldan, B. & Billharz, S. (eds). Sustainability indicators. Report of the project on Indicators of Sustainable Development. Scientific committee on problems of the environment (SCOPE). West Sussex, p. 13-27.
15. Dappert, S., Kilian, B. & Sprenger, S. 1997. A system of site specific environmental indicators for water quality protection. Towards operationalisation of the effects of CAP on environment, landscape and nature: exploration of indicator needs. Proceedings of the workshop. Wageningen.
16. Doran, J.W., Coleman, D.C., Bezdicek, D.F. & Stewart, B.A (eds.). 1994. Defining soil quality for a sustainable environment. Soil Sience Society of America, Inc. American Society of Agronomy, Inc. SSSA special publication 35. Madison. Wisconsin. 244 p.
17. Drake, L. 1994. Relations among environmental effects and their implications for efficiency of policy instruments. Sveriges landbruksuniversitet. Institutionen for ekonomi. Rapport 74. Uppsala. 192 p.
18. Erviö, R., Mäkelä-Kurtto, R. & Sippola, J. 1990. Chemical chracteristics of Finnish agricultural soils in 1974 and in 1987. In: Kauppi et al. (eds.). Acidification in Finland. Springer-Verlag Berlin. Heildelberg. p. 217-234.
19. EUROSTAT 1998. Environmental indicators. Project description. Available in Internet: http://www.telcom.es/ tau/projectd.htm. Cited on 28.4.1998.
20. Forsius-Nummela, J. 1997. Maaseutumaisema ja sen kulttuurihistorialliset arvot. (The rural landscape and its culture historical values). In: Luostarinen, M. & Yli-Viikari, A. (eds). Maaseudun kulttuurimaisemat. Suomen ympäristökeskus ja Maatalouden tutkimuskeskus. Suomen ympäristö 87. p. 64-70.
21. Gallobin, G.C. 1997. Indicators and their use: information for decion making. Introduction. In: Moldan, B. & Billharz, S. (eds). Sustainability indicators. Report of the project on Indicators of Sustainable Development. Scientific committee on problems of the environment (SCOPE). West Sussex, p. 13-27.
22. Gianinazzi, S. & Schüepp, H. (eds.). 1994. In preface: Impact of arbuscular mycorrhizas on sustainable agriculture and natural ecosystems. Advances in Life Sciences. Birkhäuser Verlag. Basel. 226 p.
23. Hardi, P. 1997. Measurements and indicators program of the international institute for sustainable development. In: Moldan, B. & Billharz, S. (eds). Sustainability indicators. Report of the project on Indicators of Sustainable Development. Scientific committee on problems of the environment (SCOPE). West Sussex, p. 28-32.
24. Häyrynen, M. 1997. Isänmaan äidinkasvot. (The images of fatherland). In: Luostarinen, M. & Yli-Viikari, A. (eds.). Maaseudun kulttuurimaisemat. Suomen ympäristökeskus ja Maatalouden tutkimuskeskus. Suomen ympäristö 87. p. 30-34
25. Helmfrid, H. 1992. Vad menas med uthållig utveckling? Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet. Institutionen for ekonomi 49. Uppsala. 103 p.
26. Hietala-Koivu, R. 1996. Maantiede ja maisemaekologia maaseudun maiseman muutostutkimuksessa. Terra 108: 172-182.
27. Hinterberger, F. & Seifert, E.K. 1997. Reducing material throughput: A contribution to the measurement of dematerialization and sustainable human develoment. In: Tylecote, A. & Straaten, J. (eds.). Environment, technology and economic growth. Edward Elgar. Cheltenham, p. 75-92.
28. Jokinen, P. 1995. Tuotannon muutokset ja ympäristöpolitiikka. Ympäristösosiologinen tutkimus suomalaisesta maatalouspolitiikasta vuosina 1970-1994. Turun yliopiston julkaisuja. Sarja C:16. Turku. 164 p.
29. Jones, M. 1991. The elusive reality of landscape. Concept and approaches in landscape research. Norska Geographiska Tidsskriften 45: 229-244.
30. Juntti, M. 1996. Maatalouden tiedollisen ohjauksen ongelmat kuntatasolla. Haastattelututkimus maataloussektorin ja ympäristösektorin toimijoiden näkemyksistä Nurmijärvellä, Tuusulassa ja Järvenpäässä. Suomen ympäristökeskuksen moniste 21. Helsinki. 53 p.
31. Kantanen, J., Olsaker, I., Holm, L-E., Vilkki, J., Lien, S., Sandberg, K., Eythorsdottir & E., Adalsteinsson, St. 1998. Intra- and inter-racial genetic variation in North-European cattle breeds. In: Plant & Animal Genome VI : Final Program & Abstracts Guide. 50 p.
32. Keisteri, T. 1990. The study of changes in cultural landscape. Fennia 168: 31-115.
33. Kruseman, G., Ruben, R. & Kuyvenhoven. A. 1996. Analytical framework for disentangling the conspt of sustainable land use. Agricultural Systems 50: 191-207.
34. Kumpulainen, M. 1995. Maatalouden ekologinen uudistuminen. In: Massa, I. & Rahkonen, O. (eds.). Riskiyhteiskunnan talous. p. 241-261.
35. Liverman, D.M., Hanson, M.E., Brown, B.J. & Merideth, R.W. 1998. Global sustainability: towards measurement. Environmental Management 12: 133-143.
36. Lowe, P., Ward, N. & Potter, C. 1997. Attitudinal and instutional indicators for sustainable agriculture. In: Towards operationalisation of the effects of CAP on environment, landscape and nature:exploration of indicator needs. Proceedings of the workshop in 17-19.4.1997. Wageningen.
37. MacGillivray, A. 1995. (ed.) Environmental Measures. Indicators for the UK environment. New Economic Foundation.
38. Malinen, P. & Keränen, H. 1996. Indikaattorisuositus maaseudun elinolojen seurantaan EU-sopeutumiskaudella. Suomen aluetutkimus FAR. Selvityksiä 13. 75 p.
39. Moldan, B. 1997. The UNDP Human development index. In: Moldan, B. & Billharz, S. (eds). Sustainability indicators. Report of the project on Indicators of Sustainable Development. Scientific committee on problems of the environment (SCOPE). West Sussex, p. 242-252.
40. Mortensen, L.F. 1997. The driving force-state-response framework used by CSD. In: Moldan, B. & Billharz, S. (eds). Sustainability indicators. Report of the project on Indicators of Sustainable Development. Scientific committee on problems of the environment (SCOPE). West Sussex, p. 47-53.
41. Moxey, A., Whitby, M. & Lowe, P. 1998. Environmental indicators for a reformed CAP. Monitoring and evaluating policies in agriculture. University of Newcastle Upon Tyne. Centre for Rural Economy. Department of Agricultural Economics and Food Marketing. 67 p.
42. Niemi-lilahti, A., Myllymäki, O. & Mäkinen, A. 1997. EU ohjaustrategioiden uudistajana. Taloudelliset ohjauskeinot suomalaisen maatalouden ympäristöpolitiikassa. Vaasan yliopiston julkaisuja. Tutkimuksia 218. Vaasa. 98 p.
43. Nordic Council of Ministers 1995. Nordic guidelines on life-cycle assesment. Nord 20/1995. Aka-Print A/S. Århus. 222 p.
44. OECD 1995. The economic appraisal of environmental projects and policies. A practical quide. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Develoment. Paris. 171 p.
45. - 1997. Environmental indicators for agriculture. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Paris. 62 p.
46. - 1998. Report on the OECD workshop on agri-environmental indicators. Joint working party of the committee for agriculture and the environment policy committee in York, September 1998. COM/AGR/CA/ENV/ EPOC(98)136. Paris. 65 p.
47. Paasivirta, L. & Känkänen, M. 1998. Pohjaeläimistön käyttö vesistön hajakuormituksen arvioinnissa Loimijoen vesistöalueella. In: Agro-Food '98. Tampere, p. 12.
48. Parris, K. 1997. Environmental indicators for agriculture: OECD progress report. In: Towards operationalisation of the effects of CAP on environment, landscape and nature: exploration of indicator needs. Proceedings of the workshop. Wageningen.
49. Pearce, D.W., Markandya, A. & Barbier, E.B. 1989. Blueprint for a green economy. Earthscan. London.
50. - & Warford, J. 1993. World without end: economics, environment, and sustainable development. Oxford University Press. New York. 440 p.
51. Ploeg, J.D. van der & Dijk, G. van. 1995. Beyond modernization. The impact of endogenous rural development. Van Gorcum. Assen. 297 p.
52. Pretty, J. N. 1995. Regenerating agriculture. Policies and practise for sustainability and self-reliance. London. 320 p.
53. Rannikko, P. 1997. Kestävän kehityksen sosiaalinen puoli korostuu. In: Ympäristö - Helsinki. Ympäristöministeriö 11(1997). p. 30-31.
54. Rautamäki, M. 1997. Maisemarakenne. (The structure of landscape). In: Luostarinen, M. & Yli-Viikari, A. (eds.). Maaseudun kulttuurimaisemat. Suomen ympäristökeskus ja Maatalouden tutkimuskeskus. Suomen ympäristö 87. p. 13-22.
55. Rekolainen, S. 1993. Assessment and mitigation of agricultural waterpollution. Publication of the Waterand Environment Research Institute. Natural Board of Waters and Environment, Finland 12. Helsinki. 34 p.
56. Rouhinen, S. 1991. Kestävän kehityksen kansalaisyhteiskunta aluetutkimuksen haasteena. In: Häkli, J. & Kuitunen, J. (eds.) Avauksia restrukturaatioon. Tampereen yliopisto. Aluetieteen laitos. Sarja A:11. p. 163-176.
57. Ruuska, R. & Helenius, J. 1996. GIS-analysis of change in an agricultural landscape in Central Finland. Agricultural and Food Science in Finland 5: 567-576.
58. Salminen, P. & Lohi, P. 1993. Kunnat kestävää kehitystä etsimässä. Suomen kuntaliitto. Helsinki. 197 p.
59. Seppälä, J. 1997. Decision analysis as a tool for life cycle impact assesment. Finnish Environment Institute 123. Helsinki. 133 p.
60. Signoret, J.P. 1983. General conclusions. In: Smidt, D. (ed.) Indicators relevant to farm animal welfare. Seminar in the CEC programme of coordination of research on animal welfare in Marensee, 9-19.11.1982. Netherlands. 251 p.
61. Smith, C.S. & McDonald, G.T. 1998. Assessing the sustainability of the agriculture at the planning stage. Journal of Environmental Management 52: 15-37.
62. Spedding, C.R.W. 1996. Agriculture and citizen. Alden Press. Oxford. 282 p.
63. Stanners, D. & Bourdeau, P. (eds.) 1995. Europe's environment. The Dobris assessment. European Environment Agency. Copenhagen. 676 p.
64. Tisdell, C. 1996. Economic indicators to assess the sustainability of conservation farming projects: an evaluation. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 57: 117-131.
65. Tschirley, J.B. 1997. The use of indicators in sustainable agriculture and rural development: considerations for developing countries. In: Moldan, B. & Billharz, S. (eds). Sustainability indicators. Report of the project on Indicators of Sustainable Development. Scientific committee on problems of the environment (SCOPE). West Sussex, p. 221-229.
66. Tucker, G. 1997. Measuring the impacts of agriculture on biodiversity. In: Towards operationalisation of the effects of CAP on environment, landscape and nature:exploration of indicator needs. Proceedings of the workshop. Wageningen.
67. United Nations 1998. Indicators of sustainable development. Framework and methodologies. United Nations Department for Policy Coordination and Sustainable Development (DPCSD). Cited 26 June.1998. Available from Internet: gopher://gopher.un.org/00/esc/ cn17/1996-97/indicators/ INTRODUC.IND%09%09%2B.
68. Valpasvuo-Jaatinen, P. 1998. Peltoviljely ja vesiensuojelu. In: Gustafsson, J. & Nuotio, E. (eds.). Ympäristön ehdoilla 2. Maaseudun mahdollisuudet ja haasteet. Turun yliopiston täydennyskoulutuskeskuksen julkaisuja A:63. p. 27-52.
69. Valve, H. 1995. Maatalouspolitiikan suunnittelukäytännöt ja ympäristövaikutusten arvioinnin kehittäminen. Vesi-ja ympäristöhallinnon julkaisuja. Sarja A:213. Helsinki. 74 p.
70. Wahlström, E., Hallanaro, E. & Manninen, S. 1996. Suomen ympäristön tulevaisuus, Suomen ympäristökeskus. 272 p.
71. Wascher, D.M. 1997. Indicators and implementation targets for assessing the agricultural impacts on European landscapes. In: Towards operationalisation of the effects of CAP on environment, landscape and nature:exploration of indicator needs Proceedings of the workshop. Wageningen.
72. WCED 1987. Our Common Future. World Commission on Environment and Development Oxford. University Press. Oxford. New York.
73. Wenum, J.H. van, Buys, J.C. & Wossink, G.A.A. 1997. Analysis if the design and implementation of nature quality indicators in agriculture. In: Towards operationalisation of the effects of CAP on environment, landscape and nature:exploration of indicator needs. Proceedings of the workshop. Wageningen.
74. World Bank 1997. Social indicators of development. International Bank for Reconstruction and Development. Cited 4 March, 1997. Available from Internet: http://www.ciesin.org/IC/wbank/sid-home.html.