A hot new way to measure aggression: Hot sauce allocation

Aggressive Behavior

Volumn 25, Issue 5, 1999, Pages 331-348

  Lieberman, Joel D ^a   Solomon, Sheldon ^b   Greenberg, Jeff ^c   McGregor, Holly A ^d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA   (United States)

^b SKIDMORE COLLEGE   (United States)

^c University of Arizona   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Aggression; Cognitive experiential self theory; Displaced aggression; Measurement; Methodology; Terror management theory

Indexed keywords

EID: 0033241176     PISSN: 0096140X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1098-2337(1999)25:5<331::AID-AB2>3.0.CO;2-1     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Associated Press. 1993, August 26. N.Y. foster mother accused of torturing a 3-year-old-boy. The Record. Bergen, NJ: Bergen Record Corp. pA09.
2. Associated Press. 1995, April 6. Reported in the "Thursday" in brief section. Arizona Daily Wildcat. Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona, p 1.
3. Baron RA, Richardson DR. 1994. Human aggression. 2nd edition. New York: Plenum Press.
4. Becker E. 1971. The birth and death of meaning. 2nd edition. New York: Free Press.
5. Becker E. 1973. The denial of death. New York: Free Press.
6. Becker E. 1975. Escape from evil. New York: Free Press.
7. Berkowitz L. 1964. Aggressive cues in aggressive behavior and hostility catharsis. Psychol Rev 71:104-122.
8. Berkowitz L. 1970. Aggressive humor as a stimulus to aggressive responses. J Pers Soc Psychol 16:710-717.
9. Berkowitz L. 1993. Aggression: its causes, consequences, and control. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
10. Berkowitz L, Holmes DS. 1959. The generalization of hostility to disliked objects. J Pers 27:565-577.
11. Brooks S. 1992, May 14. State wants to close day care accused of mistreating children. Columbus, OH: The Columbus Dispatch, p 1B.
12. Bushman BJ. 1995. Moderating role of trait aggressiveness in the effects of violent media on aggression. J Pers Soc Psychol 69:950-960.
13. Buss AH. 1961. The psychology of aggression. New York: Wiley.
14. Buss AH, Perry M. 1992. The aggression questionnaire. J Pers Soc Psychol 63:452-459.
15. Cohen AR. 1955. Social norms, arbitrariness of frustration, and status of the agent of frustration in the frustration-aggression hypothesis. J Abnorm Soc Psychol 51:222-226.
16. Columbus Dispatch. 1992, July 22. Around the state. Columbus, OH: The Columbus Dispatch, p 2C.
17. Davitz JR. 1952. The effects of previous training on postfrustration behavior. J Abnorm Soc Psychol 47:309-315.
18. DeCharms R, Wilkins EJ. 1963. Some effects of verbal expression of hostility. J Abnorm Soc Psychol 66:462-470.
19. Donahue T. 1989, October 24. Woman denies killing son. United Press International.
20. Doob LW, Sears RR, 1939. Factors determining substitute behavior and the overt expression of aggression. J Abnorm Soc Psychol 34:293-313.
21. Epstein S. 1994. Integration of the cognitive and psychodynamic unconscious. Am Psychologist 49:709-724.
22. Geen RG. 1990. Human aggression: mapping social psychology. Great Britain: Open University Press.
23. Goldstein JH, Davis RW, Herman D. 1975. Escalation of aggression: experimental studies. J Pers Soc Psychol 31:162-170.
24. Greenberg J, Pyszczynski T, Solomon S. 1986. The causes and consequences of a need for self-esteem: a terror management theory. In: Baumeister RF, editor. Public self and private self. New York: Springer-Verlag, p 189-212.
25. Greenberg J, Pyszczynski T, Solomon S, Rosenblatt A, Veeder M, Kirkland S, Lyon D. 1990. Evidence for terror management theory II: the effects of mortality salience reactions to those who threaten or bolster the cultural worldviews. J Pers Soc Psychol 58:308-318.
26. Greenberg J, Pyszczynski T, Solomon S, Simon L, Breus M. 1994. The role of consciousness and accessibility of death-related thoughts in mortality salience effects. J Pers Soc Psychol 67:627-637.
27. Greenberg J, Solomon S, Pyszczynski T. 1997. Terror management theory of self-esteem and cultural worldviews: empirical assessments and conceptual refinements. In: Zanna MP, editor. Advances in experimental social psychology. Vol. 29. San Diego: Academic Press, p 61-139.
28. Hammock G, Richardson DR. 1992a. Aggression as one response to conflict. J Appl Soc Psychol 22:298-311.
29. Hammock G, Richardson DR. 1992b. Predictors of aggressive behavior. Aggr Behav 18:219-229.
30. Harmon-Jones E, Brehm JW, Greenberg J, Simon L, Nelson DE. 1996. Evidence that the production of aversive consequences is not necessary to create cognitive dissonance. J Pers Soc Psychol 70:5-16.
31. Kirk RE. 1995. Experimental design: procedures for the behavioral sciences. 3rd edition. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole Publishing Co.
32. Martin NS. 1994, December 26. Child killing a losing battle in S. Florida. Sun-Sentinel, p 1A.
33. McClelland DC, Apicella FS. 1945. A functional classification of verbal reactions to experimentally induced failure. J Abnorm Soc Psychol 46:376-390.
34. McGregor HA, Lieberman JD, Greenberg J, Solomon S, Arndt J, Simon L, Pyszczynski T. 1998. Terror management and aggression: evidence that mortality salience motivates aggression against worldview threatening others. J Pers Soc Psychol 74:590-605.
35. Milne J. 1995, April 20. Some don't like it hot: Fry cook facing assault charges denies he spiked troopers' eggs with Tabasco. The Houston Chronicle, Houston: Houston Chronicle Publishing Co. p A15.
36. Richardson DR, Hammock GS, Smith SM, Gardner W, Signo M. 1994. Empathy as a cognitive inhibitor of interpersonal aggression. Aggr Behav 20:275-289.
37. Richardson DR, Green LR, Lago T. 1998. The relationship between perspective taking and nonaggressive responding in the face of an attack. J Pers 66:235-256.
38. Ross L, Nisbett RE. 1991. The person and the situation. New York: McGraw-Hill.
39. Rule BG. 1974. The hostile and instrumental functions of human aggression. In: deWit J, Hartup WW, editors. Determinants and origins of aggressive behaviors. The Hague: Mouton, p 125-145.
40. Rule BG, Leger GJ. 1976. Pain cues and differing functions of aggression. Can J Behav Sci 8:213-223.
41. Serrano RA. 1989, January 24. Two care providers plead not guilty in child-abuse case. Los Angeles Times, part 2, p 1.
42. Shemberg KM, Leventhal DB, Allman L. 1968. Aggression machine performance and rated aggression. J Exp Res Pers 3:117-119.
43. Solomon S, Greenberg J, Pyszczynski T. 1991. A terror management theory of social behavior: the psychological functions of self-esteem and cultural worldviews. In: Zanna MP, editor. Advances in experimental social psychology. Vol. 24. San Diego: Academic Press, p 91-159.
44. Taylor SP. 1967. Aggressive behavior and physiological arousal as a function of provocation and the tendency to inhibit aggression. J Pers 35:197-310.
45. Thirty-nine year old charged with child abuse. 1992, January 24. St. Petersburg Times, p. 1.
46. Watson D, Clark LA. 1994.The PANAS-X: preliminary manual for the positive and negative affect schedule-expanded form. University of Iowa.
47. Wheeler L, Caggiula AR. 1966. The contagion of aggression. J Exp Soc Psychol 2:1-10.