Postsynaptic short-chain neurotoxins from Pseudonaja textilis. cDNA cloning, expression and protein characterization

European Journal of Biochemistry

Volumn 265, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 982-989

  Gong, Nanling ^a   Armugam, Arunmozhiarasi ^a   Jeyaseelan, Kandiah ^a  

^a NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE   (Singapore)

Author keywords

cDNA; Molecular cloning; Postsynaptic; Pseudonaja textilis; Short neurotoxin

Indexed keywords

CHOLINERGIC RECEPTOR; COMPLEMENTARY DNA; MESSENGER RNA; NEUROTOXIN; RECOMBINANT PROTEIN; SNAKE VENOM;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; ESCHERICHIA COLI; LD 50; MOLECULAR CLONING; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; PHYLOGENY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN ANALYSIS; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; RECEPTOR BINDING; SNAKE; TORPEDO CALIFORNICA;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; ANIMALS; BASE SEQUENCE; CLONING, MOLECULAR; DNA PRIMERS; DNA, COMPLEMENTARY; ELAPID VENOMS; ELAPIDAE; ESCHERICHIA COLI; EVOLUTION, MOLECULAR; GENE EXPRESSION; LETHAL DOSE 50; MICE; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; MOLECULAR WEIGHT; NEUROTOXINS; RECEPTORS, NICOTINIC; RECOMBINANT PROTEINS; SEQUENCE HOMOLOGY, AMINO ACID; TORPEDO;

EID: 0033231385     PISSN: 00142956     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1327.1999.00800.x     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. 7 nicotinic receptor. J. Biol. Chem. 272, 24279-24286.
2. 2. Endo, T. & Tamiya, N. (1991) Structure-function relationships of postsynaptic neurotoxins from snake venoms. In Snake Toxins (Harvey, A.L., ed.), pp. 165-222. Pergamon Press, New York.
3. 2 Enzymes: Structure, Function and Mechanism. John Wiley, Chichester, UK.
4. 4. Kim, H.S. & Tamiya, N. (1981) Isolation, properties and amino acid sequence of a long-chain neutotoxin, Acanthophis antarcticus b, from the venom of an Australian snake (the common death adder, Acanthophis antarcticus). Biochem. J. 193, 899-906.
5. 5. Tyler, M., Retson-Yip, K.V., Gibson, M.K., Barnett, D., Howe, E. & Stocklin, R. (1997) Isolation and amino acid sequence of a new long-chain neurotoxin with two chromatographic isoforms (Ae-el and Ae-e2) from the venom of the Australian death adder (Acanthophis antarcticus). Toxicon 35, 1315-1325.
6. 6. Sheumack, D.D., Spence, I., Tyler, M.I. & Howden, M.E. (1990) The complete amino acid sequence of a post-synaptic neurotoxin isolated from the venom of the Australian death adder snake Acanthophis antarcticus. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B95, 45-50.
7. 7. Halpert, J., Fohlman, J. & Eaker, D. (1979) Amino acid sequence of a postsynaptic neurotoxin from the venom of the Australian tiger snake Notechis scutatus scutatus. Biochimie 61, 719-723.
8. 8. Takasaki, C. (1989) Amino acid sequence of a long-chain neutotoxin homologue, Pa ID, form the venom of an Australian elapid snake, Pseudechis australis. J. Biochem. Tokyo 106, 11-16.
9. 9. Tyler, M.I., Spence, I., Barnett, D. & Howden, M.E. (1987b) Pseudonajatoxin b: unusual amino acid sequence of a lethal neurotoxin from the venom of the Australian common brown snake, Pseudonaja textilis. Eur. J. Biochem. 166, 139-143.
10. 10. Kim, H.S. & Tamiya, N. (1981) The amino acid sequence and position of the free thiol group of a short-chain neurotoxin from common-death-adder (Acanthophis antarcticus) venom. Biochem. J. 199, 211-218.
11. 11. Takasaki, C. & Tamiya, N. (1985) Isolation and amino acid sequence of a short-chain neurotoxin from an Australian elapid snake, Pseudechis australis. Biochem. J. 232, 367-371.
12. 12. Zamudio, F., Wolf, K.M., Martin, B.M., Possani, L.D. & Chiappinelli, V.A. (1996) Two novel alpha-neurotoxins isolated from the taipan snake, Oxyuranus scutellatus, exhibit reduced affinity for nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in brain and skeletal muscle. Biochemistry 35, 7910-7916.
13. 13. Pearson, J.A., Tyler, M.I., Retson, K.V. & Howden, M.E. (1993) Studies on the subunit structure of textilotoxin, a potent presynaptic neurotoxin form the venom of the Australian common brown snake (Pseudonaja textilis). 3. The complete amino-acid sequences of all the subunits. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1161, 223-229.
14. 14. Tamiya, T., Lamouroux, A., Julien, J.F., Grima, B., Mallet, J., Fromageot, P. & Menez, A. (1985) Cloning and sequence analysis of the cDNA encoding a snake neurotoxin precursor. Biochimie 67, 185-189.
15. 15. Obara, K., Fuse, N., Tsuchiya, T., Nonomura, T., Menez, A. & Tamiya, T. (1989) Sequence analysis of a cDNA encoding erabutoxin b from the sea snake Laticauda semifasciata. Nucleic Acids Res. 17, 10490.
16. 16. Fuse, N., Tsuchiya, T., Nonomura, Y., Menez, A. & Tamiya, T. (1990) Structure of the snake short-chain neurotoxin, erabutoxin c, precursor gene. Eur. J. Biochem. 193, 629-633.
17. 17. Afifiyan, F., Armugam, A., Gopalakrishnakone, P., Tan, N.H., Tan, C.H. & Jeyaseelan, K. (1998) Four new postsynaptic neurotoxins from Naja naja sputatrix venom: cDNA cloning, protein expression and phylogenetic analysis. Toxicon 36, 1871-1885.
18. 18. Bradford, M.M. (1976) A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal. Biochem. 72, 248-254.
19. 19. Chomczynski, P. & Sacchi, N. (1987) Single-step method of RNA isolation by acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-choloroform extraction. Anal. Biochem. 162, 156-159.
20. 20. Lehrach, H., Diamond, D., Wozney, J.M. & Boedtker, H. (1977) RNA molecular weight determinations by gel electrophoresis under denaturing conditions, a critical reexamination. Biochemistry 16, 4743-4751.
21. 21. Yeo, M.S.L., Jeyaseelan, K., Chung, M.C.M., Gopalakrishnakone, P., Tan, C.H. & Wong, H.A. (1993) Molecular cloning of a cardiotoxin structural gene from Malayan spitting cobra (Naja naja sputatrix). Toxicon 31, 35-60.
22. 2 in Malayan spitting cobra (Naja naja sputatrix) venom. Toxicon 35, 27-37.26.
23. 23. Sambrook, J., Fritsch, E.F. & Maniatis, T. (1989) Molecular Cloning: a Laboratory Manual, 2nd edn. Cold Spring Habor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Habor, NY.
24. 24. Sanger, F., Nicklen, S. & Coulson, A.R. (1977) DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 74, 5463-5467.
25. 25. Schagger, H. & Von-Jagow, G. (1987) Tricine-sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for the separation of proteins in the range from 1 to 100 kDa. Anal. Biochem. 166, 368-379.
26. 26. Ausubel, F.M., Brent, R., Kingston, R.E., Moore, D.D., Seidman, J.G., Smith, J.A. & Struhl, K. (1996) Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, Vol. 2. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York.
27. 27. World Health Organization (1981) Progress in the Characterization of Venoms and Standardization of Antivenoms, pp. 23-24. WHO Offset Publishers 58, Geneva.
28. 28. Ishikawa, Y., Menez, A., Hori, H., Yoshida, H. & Tamiya, N. (1977) Structure of snake toxins and their affinity to the acetylcholine receptor of fish electric organ. Toxicon 15, 477-488.
29. 29. Gregoire, J. & Rochat, H. (1977) Ammo acid sequences of neurotoxin I and III of the elapidae snake Naja mossambica mossambica. Eur. J. Biochem. 80, 283-293.
30. 30. Chiou, S.H., Lin, W.W. & Chang, W.P. (1989) Sequence characterization of venom toxins from Thailand cobra. Int. J. Peptide Protein Res. 34, 148-152.
31. 31. Botes, D.P., Strydom, D.J., Anderson, C.G. & Christensen, P.A. (1971) Snake venom toxins. Purification and properties of three toxins from Naja nivea (Linnaeus) (Cape cobra) venom and the amino acid sequence of toxin delta. J. Biol. Chem. 246, 3132-3139.
32. 32. Botes, D.P. & Strydom, D.J. (1969) A neurotoxin, toxin alpha, from Egyptian cobra (Naja haje haje) venom. I. Purification, properties, and complete amino acid sequence. J. Biol. Chem 244, 4147-4157.
33. 33. Botes, D.P. (1972) Snake venom toxins. The amino acid sequences of toxins b and d from Naja melanoleuca venom. J. Biol. Chem. 247, 2866-2871.
34. 34. Jobert, F.J. & Taljaard, N. (1978a) Purification, some properties and the primary structures of three reduced and S-carboxymethylated toxin (CM-55, CM-6 and CM-10a) from Naja haje haje (Egyptian cobra) venom. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 537, 1-8.
35. 35. Eaker, D. & Porath, J. (1967) The amino acid sequence of neurotoxin from Naja nigricollis venom. Jpn. J. Microbiol. 11, 353-355.
36. 36. Hauert, J., Maire, M., Sussmann, A. & Bargetzi, J.P. (1974) The major lethal neurotoxin of the venom of Naja naja philippinensis. Int. J. Peptide Protein Res. 6, 201-222.
37. 37. Grishin, E.V., Sukhikh, A.P., Lukyanchuk, N.N., Slobodyan, L.N., Lipkin, V.M., Ovchinnikov, Yu, A. & Sorokin, V.M. (1973) Amino acid sequence of neurotoxin II from Naja naja oxiana venom. FEBS Lett. 36, 77-78.
38. 38. Sato, S. & Tamiya, N. (1971) The amino acid sequences of erabutoxins, neurotoxic proteins from sea-snake (Laticauda semifasciata) venom. Biochem. J. 122, 453-461.
39. 39. Tamiya, N., Sato, A., Kim, H.S., Teruuchi, T., Takasaki, C., Ishikaw, Y., Guinea, M.L., McCoy, M., Heatwole, H. & Cogger, H.G. (1983b) Neurotoxins of sea snakes of the genus Laticauda. Toxicon 3 (Suppl.), 445-447.
40. 40. Maeda, N. & Tamiya, N. (1976) Isolation, properties and amino acid sequences of three neurotoxins from the venom of a sea snake, Aipysurus laevis. Biochem. J. 153, 79-87.
41. 41. Fox, J.W., Elzinga, M. & Tu, A.T. (1977) Amino acid sequence of a snake neurotoxin from the venom of Lapemis hardwickii and the detection of a sulfhydryl group by laser Raman spectroscopy. FEBS Lett. 80, 217-220.
42. 42. Mori, N. & Tu, A.T. (1988) Isolation and primary structure of the major toxin from sea snake, Acalyptophis peronii, venom. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 260, 10-17.
43. 43. Maeda, N. & Tamiya, N. (1978) Three neutotoxins form the venom of a sea snake Astrotia stokesii, including two long-chain neurotoxic proteins with amidated C-termini. Biochem. J. 175, 507-517.
44. 2 isozymes. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 89, 8557-8561.
45. 45. Lachumanan, R., Armugam, A., Tan, C.H. & Jeyaseelan, K. (1998) Structure and organization of the polymorphic cardiotoxin gene in Naja naja sputatrix. FEBS Lett. 443, 119-124.
46. 46. Afifiyan, F., Armugam, A., Tan, C.H., Gopalakrishnakone, P. & Jeyaseelan, K. (1999) Postsynaptic α-neurotoxin gene of the spitting cobra, Naja naja sputatrix: structure, organization and phylogenetic analysis. Genome Res. 9, 259-266.
47. 2 from snake venom to human secreted forms. J. Mol. Evol. 31, 228-238.
48. 48. Daltry, J.C., Wuster, W. & Thorpe, R.S. (1996) Diet and snake venom evolution. Nature 379, 537-540.
49. 49. Blobel, G. & Dobberstein, B. (1975) Transfer of proteins across membranes. I - Presence of proteolytically processed and unprocessed nascent immunoglobulin light chains on membrane-bound ribosomes of murine myeloma. J. Cell Biol. 67, 852-862.
50. 50. Menez, A., Bouet, F., Guschlbauer, W. & Fromageot, P. (1980) Refolding of reduced short neurotoxins: circular dichroism analysis. Biochemistry 19, 4166-4172.
51. 51. Bouet, F., Menez, A., Hider, R.C. & Fromageot, P. (1982) Separation of intermediates in the refolding of reduced erabutoxin b by analytical isoelectric focusing in layers polyacrylamide gel. Biochem. J. 201, 495-499.
52. 52. Atassi, M.Z. (1995) Postsynaptic-neurotoxin-acetylcholine receptor interaction and the binding sites on the two molecules. In Handbook of Natural Toxins 5: Reptile Venoms and Toxins (Tu, A., ed.), pp. 53-83. Marcel Dekker Inc, New York.
53. 53. Pillet, L., Tremeau, O., Ducancel, F., Drevet, P., Zinn-Justin, S., Pinkasfeld, S., Boulain, J.-C. & Menez, A. (1993) Genetic engineering of snake toxins. Role of invariant residues in the structural and functional properties of a curaremimetic toxin, as probed by site-directed mutagenesis. J. Biol. Chem 268, 909-916.
54. 54. Low, B.W. (1979) The three-dimensional structure of postsynaptic snake neurotoxins: consideration of structure and function. In Snake Venoms (Lee, C.Y., ed.), pp. 213-257. Springer, New York.
55. 55. Tremeau, O., Lemaire, C., Drevet, P., Pinkasfeld, S., Ducancel, F., Boulain, J.C. & Menez, A. (1995) Genetic engineering of snake toxins, the functional site of erabutoxin a as delineated by site-directed mutagenesis, includes variant residues. J. Biol. Chem. 270, 9362-9369.
56. 56. Housset, D. & Fontecilla-Camps, J.C. (1996) The structures and evolution of snake toxins of the three-finger folding type. In Molecular Biology Intelligence Unit: Protein Toxin Structure (Parker, M.W., ed.), pp. 271-290. Landes Co., Austin, TX.