Philosophy and racial paradigms

Journal of Value Inquiry

Volumn 33, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 299-317

  Zack, Naomi ^a  

^a STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

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EID: 0033196518     PISSN: 00225363     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/A:1004635631455     Document Type: Article

References (70)

1. For more on this use of "paradigm" see Thomas S. Kuhn, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1970).
2. For more on this use of "social construction" see John Searle, The Construction of Social Reality (New York: The Free Press, 1995).
3. See Naomi Zack, Thinking About Race, (Belmont, Calif.: Wadsworth, 1998), pp. 108-109.
4. Raymond Geuss, The Idea of a Critical Theory (Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1981), pp. 22-25.
5. Kuhn, "Postcript," in op. cit. pp. 176-177.
6. Ibid. pp. 144-159.
7. Thomas Jefferson, "Manners" from Notes on the State of Virginia, ed., W. Peden, University of North Carolina Press, 1955, in Emmanuel Chukwudi Eze, Race and the Enlightenment: A Reader (Cambridge, Mass.: Blackwell Publishers, 1997), p. 97.
8. Thomas Jefferson, "Manners" from Notes on the State of Virginia, ed., W. Peden, University of North Carolina Press, 1955, in Emmanuel Chukwudi Eze, Race and the Enlightenment: A Reader (Cambridge, Mass.: Blackwell Publishers, 1997), p. 97.
9. See Eze, op. cit.; Ivan Hannaford, Race: The History of an Idea in the West (Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996).
10. See Eze, op. cit.; Ivan Hannaford, Race: The History of an Idea in the West (Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996).
11. Richard H. Popkin, "Hume's Racism," Philosophical Forum, vol. 9, No. 2-3.
12. Ibid., pp. 212-213, 223-224.
13. George-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon, A Natural History, General and Particular, vol. 1, trans. W. Smellie, 1860, in Eze, op. cit., pp. 23-24.
14. George-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon, A Natural History, General and Particular, vol. 1, trans. W. Smellie, 1860, in Eze, op. cit., pp. 23-24.
15. David Hume, "Of National Characters," in Essays Moral and Political, rev. ed 1748, in Eze, p. 33.
16. Ibid.
17. James Beattie, An Essay on the Nature and Immutability of Truth, in Opposition to Sophistry and Skepticism (Philadelphia: Solomon Wieatt, 1809), in Eze, op. cit. pp. 34-37. See also Popkin, op. cit. pp. 219-221.
18. James Beattie, An Essay on the Nature and Immutability of Truth, in Opposition to Sophistry and Skepticism (Philadelphia: Solomon Wieatt, 1809), in Eze, op. cit. pp. 34-37. See also Popkin, op. cit. pp. 219-221.
19. James Beattie, An Essay on the Nature and Immutability of Truth, in Opposition to Sophistry and Skepticism (Philadelphia: Solomon Wieatt, 1809), in Eze, op. cit. pp. 34-37. See also Popkin, op. cit. pp. 219-221.
20. Beattie, op. cit. p. 37.
21. Immanuel Kant, "On the Different Races of Man," in This is Race, ed., E.W. Count (New York: Henry Schuman, 1950), in Eze, op. cit. pp. 38-39.
22. Immanuel Kant, "On the Different Races of Man," in This is Race, ed., E.W. Count (New York: Henry Schuman, 1950), in Eze, op. cit. pp. 38-39.
23. Ibid. p. 40.
24. Ibid. p. 42.
25. Ibid.
26. Kant, Observations on the Feeling of the Beautiful and Sublime, trans. J.T. Goldthwait (Berkeley, Calif. University of California Press, 1960), in Eze, op. cit. pp. 49-58.
27. Kant, Observations on the Feeling of the Beautiful and Sublime, trans. J.T. Goldthwait (Berkeley, Calif. University of California Press, 1960), in Eze, op. cit. pp. 49-58.
28. Ibid. p. 55.
29. Georges Léopold Cuvier, "Varieties of the Human Species," in Animal Kingdom, trans. H. McMurtie, New York, 1831, in Eze, op. cit. pp. 104-105.
30. Georges Léopold Cuvier, "Varieties of the Human Species," in Animal Kingdom, trans. H. McMurtie, New York, 1831, in Eze, op. cit. pp. 104-105.
31. G.W.F. Hegel, Lectures on the Philosophy of World History, trans. H.B. Nisbet (Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1975) section, "Africa" in Geographical Basis of World History, in Eze, op. cit.
32. G.W.F. Hegel, Lectures on the Philosophy of World History, trans. H.B. Nisbet (Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1975) section, "Africa" in Geographical Basis of World History, in Eze, op. cit.
33. G.W.F. Hegel, Lectures on the Philosophy of World History, trans. H.B. Nisbet (Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1975) section, "Africa" in Geographical Basis of World History, in Eze, op. cit.
34. See Stephen Jay Gould, The Mismeasure of Man (New York: W.W. Norton, 1981); Nancy Leys Stepan, The Idea of Race in Science: Great Britain, 1800-1950 and "Race and Gender: The Role of Analogy in Science," in David Theo Goldberg, ed., Anatomy of Racism (Minneapolis, Minn.: University of Minnesota Press, 1990).
35. See Stephen Jay Gould, The Mismeasure of Man (New York: W.W. Norton, 1981); Nancy Leys Stepan, The Idea of Race in Science: Great Britain, 1800-1950 and "Race and Gender: The Role of Analogy in Science," in David Theo Goldberg, ed., Anatomy of Racism (Minneapolis, Minn.: University of Minnesota Press, 1990).
36. See Stephen Jay Gould, The Mismeasure of Man (New York: W.W. Norton, 1981); Nancy Leys Stepan, The Idea of Race in Science: Great Britain, 1800-1950 and "Race and Gender: The Role of Analogy in Science," in David Theo Goldberg, ed., Anatomy of Racism (Minneapolis, Minn.: University of Minnesota Press, 1990).
37. N.P. Dubinin, "Race and Contemporary Genetics," in Leo Kuper, ed., Race, Science and Society, (New York: Columbia University Press, 1965).
38. See Naomi Zack, Race and Mixed Race (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1993), pp. 112-126.
39. See Loving v. Virginia in United States Reports, vol. 388, Cases Adjudged in The Supreme Court at October Term, 1966 (Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office, 1968).
40. See Naomi Zack, Thinking About Race, pp. 5-6.
41. Jefferson, Notes in Eze, op. cit. p. 103.
42. Jefferson, Notes in Eze, op. cit. p. 103.
43. Loving v. Virginia, in op. cit. pp. 1-13.
44. Franz Boas, Anthropology and Modern Life (New York: Norton, 1928); Claude LéviStrauss, "Race and History," Leo Kuper, ed., Race, Science and Society.
45. Franz Boas, Anthropology and Modern Life (New York: Norton, 1928); Claude LéviStrauss, "Race and History," Leo Kuper, ed., Race, Science and Society.
46. Ward Churchill, ed., Marxism and Native Americans (Boston: South End Press, 1993); Naomi Zack, "Lockean Money, Indigenism and Globalism," forthcoming, Canadian Journal of Philosophy, 1999 supplementary volume, Civilization and Oppression.
47. Ward Churchill, ed., Marxism and Native Americans (Boston: South End Press, 1993); Naomi Zack, "Lockean Money, Indigenism and Globalism," forthcoming, Canadian Journal of Philosophy, 1999 supplementary volume, Civilization and Oppression.
48. See Nathan Glazer, "Individual Rights against Group Rights," in Will Kimlicka, ed., The Rights of Minority Cultures (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995); and Michael Walzer, "Pluralism: A Political Perspective," in Kimlicka, op. cit.
49. See Nathan Glazer, "Individual Rights against Group Rights," in Will Kimlicka, ed., The Rights of Minority Cultures (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995); and Michael Walzer, "Pluralism: A Political Perspective," in Kimlicka, op. cit.
50. Kwame Anthony Appiah, "Racisms" in Goldberg, op. cit.
51. Searle, op. cit.
52. Ibid., pp. 48-58, 79-112.
53. Ibid., pp. 18-19.
54. See K. Anthony Appiah, "'But Would That Still Be Me?': Notes on Gender, 'Race,' Ethnicity, as Sources of 'Identity,'" in Naomi Zack, ed., RACE/SEX: Their Sameness, Difference and Interplay (New York: Routledge, 1997); "Race, Culture, Identity: Misunderstood Connections," in K. Anthony Appiah and Amy Gutman, eds., Color Conscious The Political Morality of Race (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1996); Naomi Zack, "Race and Philosophic Meaning," in Zack, ed., RACE/SEX.
55. See K. Anthony Appiah, "'But Would That Still Be Me?': Notes on Gender, 'Race,' Ethnicity, as Sources of 'Identity,'" in Naomi Zack, ed., RACE/SEX: Their Sameness, Difference and Interplay (New York: Routledge, 1997); "Race, Culture, Identity: Misunderstood Connections," in K. Anthony Appiah and Amy Gutman, eds., Color Conscious The Political Morality of Race (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1996); Naomi Zack, "Race and Philosophic Meaning," in Zack, ed., RACE/SEX.
56. See K. Anthony Appiah, "'But Would That Still Be Me?': Notes on Gender, 'Race,' Ethnicity, as Sources of 'Identity,'" in Naomi Zack, ed., RACE/SEX: Their Sameness, Difference and Interplay (New York: Routledge, 1997); "Race, Culture, Identity: Misunderstood Connections," in K. Anthony Appiah and Amy Gutman, eds., Color Conscious The Political Morality of Race (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1996); Naomi Zack, "Race and Philosophic Meaning," in Zack, ed., RACE/SEX.
57. Searle, op. cit. pp. 11-13.
58. Ibid., pp. 177-179.
59. See Kevin Thomas Miles, "Body Badges: Race and Sex" in Zack, ed., RACE/SEX.
60. George Berkeley, A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge, ed., Kenneth P. Winkler (Indianapolis, Ind.: Hackett, 1982) para. 105, p. 68.
61. Ibid. para. 9-14, pp. 9-15.
62. Charles W. Mills, The Racial Contract (Ithaca, N.Y: Cornell Univrsity Press, 1997), p. 94.
63. See: Naomi Zack, Bachelors of Science: Seventeenth Century Identity, Then and Now (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1996) chs. 12 and 14; Hannaford, Race, pp. 147-184.
64. See: Naomi Zack, Bachelors of Science: Seventeenth Century Identity, Then and Now (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1996) chs. 12 and 14; Hannaford, Race, pp. 147-184.
65. Naomi Zack, "The Racial Contract According to Charles Mills," forthcoming in the Radical Philosophical Review.
66. Kwame Anthony Appiah, "The Uncompleted Argument: Du Bois and the Illusion of Race," reprinted in Naomi Zack, Laurie Shrage and Crispin Sartwell, eds., Race, Class, Gender and Sexuality: The Big Questions (Malden, Mass.: Blackwell Publishers, 1998), pp. 28-47.
67. Amy Gutman, "Responding to Racial Injustice," in Appiah and Gutman, eds., Color Conscious, pp. 106-137.
68. See Zack, Thinking about Race, ch. 3, "Mixed Black and White Race and Public Policy," in Zack, Shrage and Sartwell, Race, Class, Gender and Sexuality, pp. 73-84.
69. See Zack, Thinking about Race, ch. 3, "Mixed Black and White Race and Public Policy," in Zack, Shrage and Sartwell, Race, Class, Gender and Sexuality, pp. 73-84.
70. This paper was presented as my presidential address to the American Society for Value Inquiry on 29 December, 1998, at the American Philosophical Association, Eastern Division meeting in Washington, D.C.