On the sensitivity of the cepheid period-luminosity relation to variations of metallicity

Astrophysical Journal

Volumn 522, Issue 1 PART 1, 1999, Pages 250-275

  Sandage, Allan ^a   Bell, R A ^b   Tripicco, Michael J ^c  

^a CARNEGIE OBSERVATORIES   (United States)

^b Bldg 142   (United States)

^c NASA GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Cepheids; Magellanic clouds; Stars: abundances; Stars: atmospheres stars: distances; Stars: oscillations

Indexed keywords

EID: 0033193537     PISSN: 0004637X     EISSN: 15384357     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1086/307617     Document Type: Article

References (116)

1. Alexander, D. R., & Ferguson, J. W. 1994, ApJ, 437, 879
2. Arp, H. C. 1955, AJ, 60, 316
3. Baraffe, I., Albert, Y., Mera, D., Chabrier, G., Beaulieu, J.-P. 1998, ApJ, 499, L205
4. Bell, K. L. & Berrington, K. A. 1987, J. Phys. B, 20, 801
5. Bell, K. L., Kingston, A. E., & McIlven, W. A. 1975, J. Phys. B, Atom., Mol. Phys., 8, 358
6. Bell, R. A. 1970, MNRAS, 148, 25
7. Bell, R. A., & Gustafsson, B. 1989, MNRAS, 236, 653 (BG89)
8. Bell, R. A., Paltoglou, G., & Tripicco, M. J. 1994, MNRAS, 268, 771
9. Bessell, M. S. 1990, PASP, 102, 1181
10. Bessell, M. S., Castelli, F., & Plez, B. 1998, A&A, 333, 231
11. Blanco, V. 1992, AJ, 104, 734
12. Böhm-Vitense, E. 1997, AJ, 113, 13
13. Bressan, A., Fagotto, F., Bertelli, G., & Chiosi, C. 1993, A&AS, 100, 647
14. Butler, D. 1975, ApJ, 200, 68
15. Butler, D., Dickens, R. J., & Epps, E. 1978, ApJ, 225, 148
16. Caldwell, J. A. R., & Coulson, I. M. 1984, South Africa. Astron. Obs. Circ., 8, 1
17. _. 1985, MNRAS, 212, 879
18. Caloi, V., D'Antona, F., & Mazzitelli, I. 1997, A&A, 320, 823
19. Charbonnel, C., Meynet, G., Maeder, A., Schaller, G., & Schaerer, D. 1993, A&AS, 101, 415
20. Chiosi, C., Wood, P., Bertelli, G., & Bressan, A. 1992, ApJ, 387, 320
21. Chiosi, C., Wood, P. R., & Capitanio, N. 1993, ApJS, 86, 541
22. Cole, A. A. 1998, ApJ, 500, L137
23. Cox, J. P. 1980, Theory of Stellar Pulsation (Princeton: Princeton Univ. Press)
24. Dean, J. F., Warren, P. R., & Cousins, A. W. J. 1978, MNRAS, 183, 569
25. Dorman, B. 1992, ApJS, 81, 221
26. Doughty, N. A., & Fraser, P. A. 1966, MNRAS, 132, 267
27. Dragon, J. N., & Mutschlecner, J. P. 1980, ApJ, 239, 1045
28. Fagotto, F., Bressan, A., Bertelli, G., & Chiosi, C. 1994a, A&AS, 104, 365
29. _. 1994b, A&AS, 105, 29
30. _. 1994c, A&AS, 105, 39
31. Feast, M., & Catchpole, R. M. 1997, MNRAS, 286, L1
32. Feast, M. W., & Walker, A. R. 1987, ARA&A, 25, 345
33. Federspiel, M., Tammann, G. A., & Sandage, A. 1998, ApJ, 495, 115
34. Fernie, J. D. 1990, ApJ, 354, 295
35. Fernley, J., Carney, B. W., Skillen, I., Cacciari, C., & Janes, K. 1998, MNRAS, 293, L61
36. Fry, A. M., & Carney, B. W. 1997, AJ, 113, 1073
37. Fusi Pecci, F., et al. 1996, AJ, 112, 1461
38. Gascoigne, S. C. B. 1974, MNRAS, 166, 25P
39. Gautschy, A., & Saio, H. 1995, ARAA, 33, 75
40. _. 1996, ARAA, 34, 551
41. Gould, A. 1994, ApJ, 426, 542
42. Gould, A., & Popowski, P. 1998, ApJ, 508, 844
43. Gratton, R., Carretta, E., Clementini, G., & Sneden, C. 1997, in Hipparcos Venice '97, ed. M. A. C. Ferryman & P. L. Bernacca (ESA SP-402; Noordwijk: ESA), 339
44. Gustafsson, B., Bell, R. A., Eriksson, K., & Nordlund, A. 1975, A&A, 42, 407
45. Gustafsson, B., Kjærgaard, P., & Andersen, S. 1974, A&A, 34, 99
46. Hayes, D. S. 1985, in IAU Symp. 111, Calibration of Fundamental Stellar Quantities, ed. D. S. Hayes, E. L. Pasimetti, & A. G. D. Phillip (Dordrecht: Reidel), 225
47. Hazen, M. L., & Nemec, J. M. 1992, AJ, 104, 111
48. Houdashelt, M. L., Bell, R. A., & Sweigart, A. V. 1999, in preparation (HBS98)
49. Hueber, W. F., Merts, A. L., Magee, N. H., & Argo, M. F. 1977, Astrophysical Opacity Library, UC-34b
50. Iben, I. 1964, ApJ, 140, 1631
51. _. 1966, ApJ, 143, 483
52. _. 1967a, ApJ, 147, 650
53. _. 1967b, ARA&A, 5, 571
54. _. 1974, ARA&A, 12, 215
55. Iben, I., & Huchra, J. 1971, A&A, 14, 293
56. Iben, I., & Renzini, A. 1984, Phys. Rep., 105, 329
57. Iben, I., & Tuggle, R. S. 1975, ApJ, 197, 39
58. Kennicutt, R. C., et al. 1998, ApJ, 498, 181
59. Kinman, T. D. 1959, MNRAS, 119, 538
60. Kurucz, R. L., van Dishoeck, E. F., & Tarafdar, S. P. 1987, ApJ, 322, 992
61. Laney, C. D., & Stobie, R. S. 1994, MNRAS, 266, 441
62. Layden, A. C., Hanson, R. B., Hawley, S. L., Klemola, A. R., & Hanley, C. 1996, AJ, 112, 2110
63. Madore, B. F., & Freedman, W. L. 1998, ApJ, 492, 110
64. _. 1991, PASP, 103, 933
65. Matthews, T. A., & Sandage, A. 1963, ApJ, 138, 30
66. Mazzitelli, I., D'Antona, F., & Caloi, V. 1995, A&A, 302, 282
67. McNamara, D. H. 1997, PASP, 109, 857
68. _. 1999, PASP, 111, 489
69. Mozurkewich, D. 1997, in Proc. of IAU Symp. 189, Fundamental Stellar Properties: The Interaction between Observation and Theory, ed. T. R. Bedding, A. J. Booth, & J. Davis (Dordrecht: Kluwer), 14
70. Oosterhoff, P. Th. 1939, Observatory, 62, 104
71. _. 1944, Bull. Astron. Inst. Netherlands, 10, 55
72. Panek, R. J. 1977, ApJ, 217, 749
73. Peimbert, M. 1986, PASP, 98, 1057
74. Perodi, B. R., Saha, A., Sandage, A., & Tammann, G. A. 1999, ApJ, in press
75. Preston, G. W. 1959, ApJ, 130, 507
76. _. 1961, ApJ, 133, 29
77. Reid, I. N. 1997, AJ, 114, 161
78. _. 1998, AJ, 115, 204
79. _. 1999, ARA&A, 37, in press
80. Reid, I. N., & Freedman, W. 1994, MNRAS, 267, 821
81. Reid, I. N., & Gizis, J. E. 1998, AJ, 116, 2929
82. Robertson, J. W. 1973, ApJ, 185, 817
83. Rogers, F. J., & Iglesias, C. A. 1992, ApJS, 79, 507
84. Saha, A., Freedman, W. L., Hoessel, J. G., & Maooman, A. E. 1992, AJ, 104, 1072
85. Saha, A., Sandage, A., Labhardt, L., Tammann, G. A., Macchetto, F. D., & Panagia, N. 1997, ApJ, 486, 1
86. Saha, A., Sandage, A., Tammann, G. A., Labhardt, L., Macchetto, F. D., & Panagia, N. 1999, ApJ, in press
87. Saio, H., & Gautschy, A. 1998, ApJ, 498, 360
88. Sandage, A. 1958, in Stellar Populations, ed. D. O'Connell (Specola Vaticana), Ric. A, 5, 41
89. _. 1988, PASP, 100, 937
90. _. 1990a, ApJ, 350, 603
91. _. 1990b, ApJ, 350, 631
92. _. 1993a, AJ, 106, 687
93. _. 1993b, AJ, 106, 703
94. _. 1996, BAAS, 28, 52
95. Sandage, A., & Tammann, G. A. 1968, ApJ, 151, 531
96. _. 1993, ApJ, 415, 1
97. _. 1997, in Critical Dialogues in Cosmology, ed. N. Turok (Singapore: World Scientific), 130
98. _. 1998, MNRAS, 293, L23
99. Sandage, A., Tammann, G. A., & Saha, A. 1998, in Dark Matter Conf. 3, ed. D. Cline (Physics Rep. 307; Elsevier Science; North-Holland), 1
100. Sasselov, D. D., et al. 1998, preprint (astro-ph9612216)
101. Saxner, M., & Hammarback, G. 1985, A&Ä, 151, 372
102. Schaerer, D., Charbonnel, C., Meynet, G., Maeder, A., & Schaller, G. 1993a, A&AS, 102, 339
103. Schaerer, D., Meynet, G., Maeder, A., & Schaller, G. 1993b, AA, 274, 1012
104. Sekiguchi, M., & Fukugita, M. 1998, Observatory, 118, 73
105. Shaller, G., Schaerer, D., Meynet, G., & Maeder, A. 1992, A&AS, 96, 269
106. Simon, N., & Young, T. S. 1997, MNRAS, 288, 267
107. Smith, H. A., Silbermann, N. A., Baird, S. R., & Graham, J. A. 1992, AJ, 104, 1430
108. Stellingwerf, R. F. 1975, ApJ, 195, 441
109. Stothers, R. B. 1988, ApJ, 329, 712
110. Thuan, T. X., & Gunn, J. E. 1976, PASP, 88, 543
111. Tuggle, R. S., & Iben, I. 1972, ApJ, 178, 445
112. van Albada, T. S., & Baker, N. 1973, ApJ, 185, 477
113. van den Bergh, S. 1995, ApJ, 446, 39
114. Walker, A. 1992, ApJ, 390, L81
115. Walker, A., & Mack, A. R. 1988, AJ, 96, 872
116. Zinn, R., & West, M. J. 1984, ApJS, 55, 45