Quantum derivation of the excess noise factor in lasers with non-orthogonal eigenmodes

European Physical Journal D

Volumn 7, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 99-105

  Grangier, P ^a   Poizat, J P ^a  

^a INSTITUT D'OPTIQUE GRADUATE SCHOOL   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COMMUTATION RULE; EIGEN MODES; EXCESS NOISE; EXCESS NOISE FACTOR; INPUT-OUTPUT; LASER GAIN; LASER SYSTEMS; LASING MODES; NOISE ANALYSE; NON-ORTHOGONAL;

EID: 0033176954     PISSN: 14346060     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s100530050353     Document Type: Article

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23. Outside the mean field approximation, this reference value will give the correct quantum value for the linewidth of a single-ended laser cavity (see [11], Appendix II). This value differs from the Schawlow-Townes value by the so-called longitudinal Petermann factor, which is unity in the mean field approximation.
24. This hypothesis corresponds to a single frequency operation of the laser, which is not always the case in present experiments (see e.g. ref. [10], which involves two polarization modes with different frequencies). The calculation presented in the present paper is not immediately applicable to such a situation, but the technique that we used can be extended straightforwardly to describe it.
25. For the sake of clarity, let us remind that outside the set of laser modes the matrices T, G are zero, while U, V are unity.
26. This is a hypothesis which amounts to say that there is no gain-induced coupling in the system, but only loss-induced coupling [11].
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