Mortality of two lepidopterans in response to selected commercial formulations of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner

Journal of Entomological Science

Volumn 34, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 273-285

  Ridgway, Richard L ^a   Farrar Jr , Robert R ^a  

^a AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE   (United States)

Author keywords

Bacillus thuringiensis; Commercial formulations; Phagostimulant; Ultraviolet light

Indexed keywords

BIOLOGICAL PEST CONTROL;

BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS; BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS SEROVAR BERLINER; BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); HELICOVERPA ZEA; LEPIDOPTERA; OSTRINIA NUBILALIS; PHASEOLUS (ANGIOSPERM); PSEUDOMONAS; PSEUDOMONAS FLUORESCENS; ZEA MAYS;

EID: 0033167022     PISSN: 07498004     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.18474/0749-8004-34.3.273     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Abbott, W. S. 1925. A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide. J. Econ. Entomol. 18: 265-267.
2. Barnes, A. C. and S. G. Cummings. 1987a. Cellular encapsulation of pesticides produced by expression of heterologous genes. Assignee:Mycogen Corp. U. S. Pat. No. 4695455. Issued Sept. 22, 1987.
3. 1987b. Cellular encapsulation of biological pesticides. Assignee: Mycogen Corp. U. S. Pat. No. 4695462. Issued Sept. 22, 1987. Appl. No. 750369.
4. Behle, R. W., M. R. McGuire and B. S. Shasha. 1997. Effects of sunlight and simulated rain on residual activity of Bacillus thuringiensis formulations. J. Econ. Entomol. 90: 1560-1566.
5. Bell, M. R. and R. F. Kanavel. 1978. Tobacco budworm: development of a spray adjuvant to increase effectiveness of a nuclear polyhedrosis virus. J. Econ. Entomol. 71: 350-352.
6. Bell, M. R. and C. C. Romine. 1980. Tobacco budworm field evaluation of microbial control in cotton using Bacillus thuringiensis and a nuclear polyhedrosis virus with a feeding stimulant. J. Econ. Entomol. 73: 427-430.
7. Broome, J. R., P. P. Sikorowski and W. W. Neel. 1974. Effect of sunlight on the activity of NPV of Malacosoma disstria (Lepid.). J. Econ. Entomol. 67: 135-136.
8. Burges, H. D., E. M. Thomson and R. A. Latchford. 1976. Importance of spores and δ-endotoxin protein crystals of Bacillus thuringiensis in Galleria mellonella. J. Invertebr. Pathol. 27: 87-94.
9. Carlton, B. C. 1988. Development of genetically improved strains of Bacillus thuringiensis, Pp. 260-279. In P. A. Hedin, J. J. Menn, and R. M. Hollingworth [eds.], Biotechnology for Crop Protection. Snowbird, UT, June 28-July 3, 1987. ACS Symp. Ser. 379. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC.
10. Cibulsky, R. J. 1996. Bacillus thuringiensis: Past, Present, and Future. In Proc. Conf. Commercializing Biopesticides. Washington, D.C. Jan 22-24, 1996. International Business Communications, Southborough, MA.
11. Cohen, E., H. Rozen, T. Joseph, S. Braun and L. Margulies. 1991. Photoprotection of Bacillus thuringiensis from ultraviolet radiation. J. Invertebr. Pathol. 57: 343-351.
12. de Barjac, H. and Bonnefoi, A. 1962. Essai de classification biochimique et serologique de 24 souches de Bacillus du type B. thuringiensis. Entomophaga 7: 5-31.
13. Dubois, N. R. and D. H. Dean. 1995. Synergism between Cry IA insecticidal crystal proteins and spores of Bacillus thuringiensis, other bacterial spores, and vegetative cells against Lymantria dispar (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) larvae. Environ. Entomol. 24: 1741-1747.
14. Dulmage, H. T. 1981. Production of bacteria for biological control of insects, Pp. 129-141. In G. C. Papavizas [ed.], Biological control in crop production. Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD, May 18-21, 1980. Beltsville symposia in agricultural research. Allanheld, Osmun & Co. Publishers, Totowa, NJ.
15. Dunkle, R. L. and B. S. Shasha. 1989. Response of starch-encapsulated Bacillus thuringiensis containing ultraviolet screens to sunlight. Environ. Entomol. 18: 1035-1041.
16. Entwistle, P. F., J. S. Cory, M. J. Bailey and S. Higgs [eds.]. 1993. Bacillus thuringiensis, an environmental biopesticide: theory and practice. Wiley, Chichester.
17. Farrar, R. R., Jr. and R. L. Ridgway. 1994. Comparative studies of the effects of nutrient-based phagostimulants on six lepidopterous insect pests. J. Econ. Entomol. 87: 44-52.
18. 1995. Enhancement of activity of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner against four lepidopterous insect pests by nutrient-based phagostimulants. J. Entomol. Sci. 30: 29-42.
19. Frye, R. D., C. G. Scholl, E. W. Scholz and B. R. Funke. 1973. Effect of weather on a microbial insecticide. J. Invertebr. Pathol. 22: 50-54.
20. Gelernter, W. D. 1990. Targeting insecticide-resistant markets: New developments in microbial-based products, Pp. 105-117. In M. B. Green, W. K. Moberg, and H. LeBaron [eds.], Managing resistance to agrochemicals: from fundamental research to practical strategies. Los Angeles, CA, Sept. 25-30, 1988. ACS Symposium Series. No. 421. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC.
21. Gill, S. S., E. A. Cowles and V. P. Pietrantonio. 1992. The mode of action of Bacillus thuringiensis endotoxins. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 37: 615-636.
22. Ignoffo, C. M. and O. F. Batzer. 1971. Microencapsulation and ultraviolet protectants to increase sunlight stability of an insect virus. J. Econ. Entomol. 64: 850-853.
23. Ignoffo, C. M., D. L. Hostetter and D. B. Smith. 1976. Gustatory stimulant, sunlight protectant, evaporation retardant: three characteristics of a microbial insecticidal adjuvant. J. Econ. Entomol. 69: 207-210.
24. Johnson, D. R. 1982. Suppression of Heliothis spp. on cotton using Bacillus thuringiensis, Baculovirus heliothis, and two feeding adjuvants. J. Econ. Entomol. 75: 207-210.
25. King, E. G. and G. G. Hartley. 1985. Heliothis virescens, Pp. 323-328. In P. Singh and R. F. Moore [eds.], Handbook of Insect Rearing, vol II. Elsevier, NY.
26. Krieg, A. 1975. Photoprotection against inactivation of Bacillus thuringiensis spores by ultraviolet rays. J. Invertebr. Pathol. 25: 267-268.
27. Luttrell, R. G., S. Y. Young, W. C. Yearian and D. C. Horton. 1982. Evaluation of Bacillus thuringiensis - spray adjuvant - viral insecticide combinations against Heliothis spp. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Environ. Entomol. 11: 783-787.
28. MacIntosh, S. C., T. B. Stone, S. R. Sims, P. L. Hunst, J. T. Greenplate, P. M. Morrone, F. J. Perlak, D. A. Fischhoff and R. L. Fuchs. 1990. Specificity and efficacy of purified Bacillus thuringiensis proteins against agronomically important insects. J. Invertebr. Pathol. 56: 258-266.
29. McGuire, M. R., B. S. Shasha, L. C. Lewis and T. C. Nelsen. 1994. Residual activity of granular starch-encapsulated Bacillus thuringiensis. J. Econ. Entomol. 87: 631-637.
30. Milne, R., A. Z. Ge, D. Rivers and D. H. Dean. 1990. Specificity of insecticidal crystal proteins, Pp. 22-35. In L. A. Hinkle and W. L. Fitch [eds.], An Analytical Chemistry of Bacillus thuringiensis. Division of Agriculture Chemicals, Miami Beach, FL, September 10-15, 1985. ACS Symp. Series 432.
31. Morris, O. N. 1983. Protection of Bacillus thuringiensis from inactivation by sunlight. Can. Entomol. 115: 1215-1227.
32. Nyouki, F. F. R., J. R. Fuxa and A. R. Richter. 1996. Spore-toxin interactions and sublethal effects of Bacillus thuringiensis in Spodoptera frugiperda and Pseudoplusia includens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). J. Entomol. Sci. 31: 52-62.
33. Pinnock, D. E., J. E. Milstead, M. E. Kirby and B. J. Nelson. 1977. Stability of entomopathogenic bacteria, Pp. 77-97. In C. M. Ignoffo and D. L. Hostetter [eds.], Environmental stability of microbial insecticides. Symp. Entomol. Soc. Am., Dec. 1974, Minneapolis, MN, Misc. Publ. Entomol. Soc. Am. 10: 1-119.
34. Pinnock, D. E., J. E. Milstead, M. E. Kirby and B. J. Nelson. 1977. Stability of entomopathogenic bacteria, Pp. 77-97. In C. M. Ignoffo and D. L. Hostetter [eds.], Environmental stability of microbial insecticides. Symp. Entomol. Soc. Am., Dec. 1974, Minneapolis, MN, Misc. Publ. Entomol. Soc. Am. 10: 1-119.
35. Ridgway, R. L., V. L. Illum, R. R. Farrar, Jr., D. D. Calvin, S. J. Fleischer and M. N. Inscoe. 1996. Granular matrix formulation of Bacillus thuringiensis for control of the European corn borer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). J. Econ. Entomol. 89: 1088-1094.
36. Roberts, D. W., J. R. Fuxa, R. Gaugler, M. Goettel, R. Jaques and J. Maddox. 1991. Use of pathogens in insect control, Pp. 243-278. In D. Pimentel [ed.], CRC handbook of pest management in agriculture. 2nd ed. Volume II. CRC Series in agriculture. CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL.
37. SAS Institute. 1988. SAS/STAT User's Guide, Release 6.03 Edition, Cary, NC; SAS Institute, Inc.
38. Shapiro, M., P. P. Agin and R. A. Bell. 1983. Ultraviolet protectants of the gypsy moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) nucleopolyhedrosis virus. Environ. Entomol. 12: 982-985.
39. Sutler, G. R. and E. S. Raun. 1966. The effect of Bacillus thuringiensis components on the development of the European corn borer. J. Invertebr. Pathol. 8: 457-460.
40. Timans, U. V. 1982. Effects of UV-radiation on the nuclear polyhedrosis virus of the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar L. (Lep., Lymantriidae). Z. Ang. Entomol. 94: 382-401.