Maternal Vitamin A Nutriture and the Vitamin a Content of Human Milk

Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia

Volumn 4, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 243-257

  Haskell, Marjorie J ^a   Brown, Kenneth H ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Infants; Lactation; Maternal vitamin A status; Milk; Vitamin A; Vitamin A status; carotene

Indexed keywords

RETINOL;

BREAST FEEDING; BREAST MILK; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; METABOLISM; NEWBORN; NUTRITION; REVIEW;

BREAST FEEDING; FEMALE; HUMANS; INFANT, NEWBORN; MALE; MILK, HUMAN; NUTRITION PHYSIOLOGY; VITAMIN A;

EID: 0033159825     PISSN: 10833021     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/A:1018745812512     Document Type: Article

References (74)

1. J. A. Olson (1996). Vitamin A. In E. Ziegler (ed.), Present Knowledge in Nutrition, ILSI Press, Washington, D.C. pp. 109-119.
2. World Health Organization (1995). Global Prevalence of Vitamin A Deficiency, World Health Organization, Geneva.
3. M. W. Bloem, M. Wedel, and R. J. Egger (1990). Mild vitamin A deficiency and risk of respiratory tract disease and diarrhea in preschool and school children in northeastern Thailand. Am. J. Epidemiol. 131: 332-339.
4. A. Sommer and K. West, Jr. (1996). Vitamin A deficiency. Health, Survival and Vision, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
5. A. Sommer, I. Tarwotjo, G. Hussaini, and D. Susanto (1983). Increased mortality in children with mild vitamin A deficiency. Lancet 2: 585-588.
6. A. Sommer, J. Katz, and I. Tarwotjo (1984). Increased risk of respiratory disease and diarrhea in children with preexisting mild vitamin A deficiency. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 40: 1090-1095.
7. G. H. Beaton, R. Martorell, K. A., B. Edmonston, G. McCabe, A. C. Ross, and B. Harvey (1993). Effectiveness of vitamin A supplementation in the control of young child morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Nutrition Policy Discussion Paper No. 13 ACCISCN.
8. J. Katz, S. K. Khatry, K. P. West, Jr., J. H. Humphrey, S. C. LeClerq, E. Kimbrough, P. R. Pohkrel, and A. Sommer (1995). Nightblindness is prevalent during pregnancy and lactation in rural Nepal. J. Nutr. 125: 2122-2127.
9. S. de Pee, C. E. West, Muhilal, D. Karyadi, and J. G. A. J. Hautvast (1995). Lack of improvement in vitamin A status with increased consumption of dark-green leafy vegetables. Lancet 346: 75-81.
10. E. Starbuck (1993). Night blindness during pregnancy as a risk marker for early infant death in Jumla, Nepal. Ph.D. Thesis, Johns Hopkins University.
11. P. Christian, K. P. West, Jr., S. K. Khatry, J. Katz, S. R. Shrestha, E. K. Pradhan, S. C. LeClerq, and R. P. Pokhrel (1998). Night blindness of pregnancy in rural Nepal - nutritional and health risks. Intl. J. Epid. 27:231-237.
12. K. J. West, S. Khatry, J. Katz, S. C. LeClerq, E. D. Pradhan, S. R. Shrestha, P. B. Connor, S. Dali, A. Adhikari, and R. P. Pokhrel (1997). Impact of weekly supplementation of women with vitamin A or beta-carotene on fetal, infant, and maternal mortality in Nepal. XVIIIIVACG Meeting of the International Vitamin A Consultative Group, Cairo, Egypt. International Life Sciences Institute, Washington, D.C.
13. Z. A. Leitner, T. Moore, and I. M. Sharman (1975). Fatal self-medication with retinol and carrot juice. Proc. Nutr. Sci. 34:44A-45A.
14. H. K. Biesalski (1989). Comparative assessment of the toxicology of vitamin A and retinoids in man. Toxicology 57:117-161.
15. F. W. Rose (1986). Vitamin A congeners, Teratology 33: 355.
16. World Health Organization (1997). Safe vitamin A dosage during pregnancy and lactation, World Health Organization.
17. J. Mills, J. Simpson, G. Cunningham, M. Conley, and G. Rhoads (1997). Vitamin A and birth defects. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., 177: 31-36.
18. K. Rothman, L. Moore, M. Singer, U. S. Nguyen, S. Manino, and A. Milunsky (1995). Teratogenicity of high vitamin A intake. N. Engl. J. Med., 333: 1369-1373.
19. Teratology Society Public Affairs Committee (1987). Teratology society position paper: Recommendations for vitamin A use during pregnancy Teratology 35: 267-268.
20. A. Czeizel and M. Rockenbauer (1998). Prevention of congenital abnormalities by vitamin A. Int'l. J. Vit. Nutr. Res. 68: 219-231.
21. S. de Pee, C. West, D. Permaesih, S. Martuti, Muhilal, and J. Hautvast (1998). Orange fruit is more effective than are dark-green, leafy vegetables in increasing serum concentrations of retinol and β-carotene in schoolchildren in Indonesia. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 68: 1058-1067.
22. N. W. Solomons and J. Bulux (1993). Plant sources of provitamin A and human nutriture. Nutr. Rev. 51: 199-204.
23. K. M. Rigtrup, L. R. McEwen, H. M. Said, and D. E. Ong (1994). Retinyl ester hydrolytic activity is associated with human intestinal brush border membranes. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 60: 111-116.
24. V. Reddy and B. Sivakumar (1972). Studies on vitamin A absorption in children. Indian Pediatrics 9: 307-310.
25. D. S. Goodman and W. S. Blaner (1984). Biosynthesis, absorption, and hepatic metabolism of retinol. In The Retinoids, Academic Press, Inc., New York, pp. 1-37.
26. J. A. Olson (1987). Recommended dietary intakes (RDI) of vitamin A in humans. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 45: 704-716.
27. S. Pereira and A. Begum (1973). Retention of a single oral massive dose of vitamin A. Clin. Sci. Mol. Med. 45: 233-237.
28. J. Kusin, V. Reddy and B. Sivakumar (1974). Vitamin E supplements and the absorption of a massive dose of vitamin A. Am. J. Clin Nutr. 27: 774-776.
29. H. E. Sauberlich, H. E. Hodges, D. L. Wallace, H. Kolder, J. E. Canham, J. Hood, N. Raica, Jr., L. K. Lowry (1974). Vitamin A metabolism and requirements in the human studied with the use of labeled retinol. Vit. Horm. 32: 251-275.
30. J. W. Erdman, T. L. Bierer, and E. T. Gugger (1993). Absorption and transport of carotenoids. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 691: 76-85.
31. J. Bauernfeind (1971). Carotenoid vitamin A precursors and analogs in foods and feeds. J. Agr. Food Chem. 20:456-473.
32. X. D. Wang (1994). Review: Absorption and metabolism of β-carotene. J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 13: 314-325.
33. T. van Vliet (1996). Absorption of β-carotene and other carotenoids in humans and animal models. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 50: S32-S37.
34. B. A. Underwood (1990). Methods for assessment of vitamin A status. J. Nutr. 120: 1459-1463.
35. S. Pilch (1987). Analysis of vitamin A data from the health and nutrition examination surveys. J. Nutr. 117: 636-640.
36. World Health Organization (1996). Indicators for assessing vitamin A deficiency and their application in monitoring and evaluating intervention programmes. WHO/UNICEF, Geneva.
37. Z. Ajans, A. Sarrif, and M. Husbands (1965). Influence of vitamin A on human colostrum and early milk. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 17:139-142.
38. J. C. Wallingford and B. A. Underwood (1986). Vitamin A deficiency in pregnancy, lactation, and the nursing child. In J. Bauernfeind (ed.), Vitamin A Deficiency and Its Control, Academic Press, New York, pp. 101-152.
39. A. Ross, M. Davila, and M. Cleary (1985). Fatty acids and retinyl esters of rat milk: Effects of diet and duration of lactation. J. Nutr. 115: 1488-1497.
40. J. Tomlinson, G. E. Mitchell, N. W. Bradley, R. E. Tucker, J. A. Boling, G. T. Shelling (1974). Transfer of vitamin A from bovine liver to milk. J. Anim. Sci. 39:813.
41. S. Donoghue (1988). Vitamin A transport in plasma of ewes during late gestation and into milk during early lactation. J. Vit. Res. 58:3-11.
42. A. Vahlquist and S. Nilsson (1979). Mechanisms for vitamin A transfer from blood to milk in rhesus monkeys. J. Nutr. 109: 1456-1463.
43. A. Ross (1982). Retinol esterification by mammary gland microsomes from the lactating rat. J. Lipid Res. 23: 133-144.
44. M. Davila, L. Norris, M. Cleary, and A. Ross (1985). Vitamin A during lactation: Relationship of maternal diet to milk vitamin A content and to the vitamin A status of lactating rats and their pups. J. Nutr. 115: 1033-1041.
45. A. C. Ross and E. Garder (1994). The function of vitamin A in cellular growth and differentiation, and its roles during pregnancy and lactation. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 352: 187-208.
46. A. Pasatiempo and A. C. Ross (1990). Effects of food or nutrient restriction on milk vitamin A transfer and neonatal vitamin A stores in the rat. Brit. J. Nutr. 63: 351-363.
47. K. Rasmussen and N. Warman (1983). Effect of maternal malnutrition during the reproductive cycle on growth and nutritional status of suckling rat pups. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 38: 77-83.
48. N. Warman and K. Rasmussen (1983). Effects of malnutrition during the reproductive cycle on nutritional status and lactational performance of rat dams. Nutr. Res. 3: 527-545.
49. R. Stoltzfus and B. A. Underwood (1995). Breastmilk vitamin A as an indicator of the vitamin A status of women and infants. Bull World Health Org. 73: 703-711.
50. M. Gebre-Medhin, A. Vahlquist, Y. Hofvander, L. Upsali, and B. Vahlquist (1976). Breast milk composition in Ethiopian and Swedish mothers. I. Vitamin A and β-carotene. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 29:441-451.
51. B. Fredrikzon, O. Hernell, L. Blackburg, and T. Olivecrona (1978). Bile-salt stimulated lipase in human milk: Evidence of activity in vivo and of a role in the digestion of milk retinol esters. Pediatr. Res. 12: 1048-1052.
52. L. Canfield, A. Giuliano, and E. Graver (1995). Carotenoids, Retinoids, and Vitamin A in Human Milk. In R. Jensen, (ed.), Handbook of Milk Composition, Academic Press, San Diego, California.
53. L. Canfield, A. Giuliano, E. Neilson, B. Blashil, E. Graver, and H. Yap (1998). Kinetics of the response of milk and serum β-carotene to daily β-carotene supplementation in healthy, lactating women. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 67: 276-283.
54. A. Rice, R. Stolzfus, A. de Francisco, J. Chakraborty, C. Kjolhede, and M. Wahed (1999). Maternal vitamin A or β-carotene supplementation in lactating Bangladeshi women benefits mothers and infants but does not prevent subclinical deficiency. J. Nutr. 129: 356-365.
55. V. Newman (1993). Vitamin A and Breastfeeding: A Comparison of Data from Developed and Developing Countries, Well-start International, San Diego, California.
56. B. A. Underwood (1994). Maternal vitamin A status and its importance in infancy and early childhood. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 59: 517S-524S.
57. R. Stoltzfus, M. Hakimi, K. W. Miller, K. M. Rasmussen, S. Dawiesah, J. P. Habicht, and M. J. Dibley (1993). High dose vitamin A supplementation of breast-feeding Indonesian mothers: Effects on the vitamin A status of mother and infant. J. Nutr. 123: 666-675.
58. S. Roy, A. Islam, A. Molla, S. Akramuzzaman, F. Jahan, and G. Fuchs (1997). Impact of a single megadose of vitamin A at delivery on breastmilk of mothers and morbidity of their infants. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 51: 302-307.
59. P. Venkatachalam, B. Belavady, and C. Gopalan (1962). Studies on vitamin A nutritional status of mothers and infants in poor communities in India. Trop. Pediatr. 61: 262-268.
60. S. Kon and E. Mawson (1950). Human milk. Wartime studies of certain vitamins and constituents. Med. Res. Council; Spec. Rep. Ser. No.269.
61. A. Sobel, A. Rosenberg, and B. Kramer (1950). Enrichment of milk vitamin A in normal lactating women. Am. J. Dis. Child. 80: 932-943.
62. M. Hrubetz, J. J. Deul, and B. Hanley (1945). Studies on carotenoid metabolism. V. The effects of a high vitamin A intake on the composition of human milk. J. Nutr. 29: 245-254.
63. Muhilal, A. Murdiana, I. Azis, S. Saidin, A. Basuni Jahari, and D. Karyadi (1988). Vitamin A-fortified monosodium glutamate and vitamin A status: a controlled field trial. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 48: 1265-1270.
64. G. Arroyave, J. R. Aguilar, M. Flores, and M. A. Guzman (1979). Evaluation of sugar fortification with vitamin A at the national level. Pan American Health Organization, Washington, D.C.
65. L. Villard and C. Bates (1987). Effect of vitamin A supplementation on plasma and breast milk vitamin A levels in poorly nourished Gambian women. Hum. Nut.: Clin. Nutr. 41C:47-58.
66. R. Tarjan, M. Kramer, K. Szoke, and K. Linder (1963). The effect of different factors on the composition of human milk and its variations. I. The effect of vitamin-rich foods on the composition of human milk. Nutr. Diet. 7: 12-29.
67. S. Patton, L. Canfield, G. Huston, A. Ferris, and R. Jensen (1990). Carotenoids of human colostrum. Lipids 25: 159-165.
68. Y. Kim, C. English, P. Reich, L. Gerber, and K. Simpson (1990). Vitamin A and carotenoids in human milk. J. Agr. Food Chem. 38: 1930-1933.
69. L. Canfield, A. Giuliano, E. Neilson, H. H. Yap, E. J. Graver, H. A. Cui, and B. M. Blashil (1997). β-Carotene in breast milk and serum is increased after a single β-carotene dose. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 66: 52-61.
70. H. C. Furr, O. Amedee-Manesme, A. J. Clifford, R. H. Bergen III, A. D. Jones, D. P. Anderson, and J. A. Olson (1989). Vitamin A concentrations in liver determined by isotope dilution assay with tetradeuterated vitamin A and by biopsy in generally healthy adult humans. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 49: 713-716.
71. M. J. Haskell, G. J. Handelman, J. M. Peerson, A. D. Jones, A. Rabbi, M. A. Awal, M. A. Wahed, D. Mahalanabis, and K. H. Brown (1997). Assessment of vitamin A status by the deuterated retinol dilution technique and comparison with hepatic retinol concentration in Bangladeshi surgical patients. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 66: 67-74.
72. M. H. Green, J. B. Green, and K. C. Lewis (1987). Variation in retinol utilization rate with vitamin A status in the rat. J. Nutr. 117: 694-703.
73. M. Haskell, R. Mazumder. J. M. Peerson, A. D. Jones, M. A. Wahed, D. Mahalanabis, and K. H. Brown (1999). Use of the deuterated retinol dilution (DRD) technique to assess total body vitamin A stores of adult volunteers consuming different levels of vitamin A. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. (in press).
74. S. Tanumihardjo, J. Cheng, D. Permaesih, Muherdiyantiningsih, E. Rustan, Muhilal, D. Karyadi, and J. A. Olson (1996). Refinement of the modified relative-dose response test as a method for assessing vitamin A status in a field setting: Experience with Indonesian children. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 64: 966-971.