On the termination of El Nino

Geophysical Research Letters

Volumn 26, Issue 11, 1999, Pages 1593-1596

  Harrison, D E ^a,b   Vecchi, Gabriel A ^b,c  

^a NOAA EARTH SYSTEM RESEARCH LABORATORY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE; CLIMATOLOGY; COMPUTER SIMULATION; OCEANOGRAPHY; WIND STRESS; NICKEL; STREAM FLOW; SURFACE WATERS;

EL NINO; EQUATOR; SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE; SHOALING;

GLOBAL WARMING; OCEANOGRAPHY;

AIR-SEA INTERACTION; CLIMATE FORCING; EL NINO; THERMOCLINE; WESTERLY;

EASTERN EQUATORIAL PACIFIC; NORMAL DEPTHS; OCEAN RESPONSE; PACIFIC WATER; SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE (SST); SEASONAL CYCLE; WESTERLY WINDS; WIND SHIFTS;

EID: 0033153646     PISSN: 00948276     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/1999GL900316     Document Type: Article

References (20)

1. Anderson, D. L. T., and A. E. Gill, Spin-up of a stratified ocean, with applications to upwelling, Deep-Sea Res., 22(9), 583-596, 1976.
2. Battisti, D. S., and A. C. Hirst, Interannual variability in a tropical atmosphere-ocean model: Influence of the basic state, ocean geometry and nonlinearity, J. Atmos. Sci., 46(12), 1687-1712, 1989.
3. Cane, M. A., Forced baroclinic ocean motions, 1, Linear equatorial unbounded case, J. Mar. Res., 34(4), 629-665, 1977.
4. Harrison, D. E., The appearance of sustained equatorial surface westerlies during the 1982 Pacific warm event, Science, 224, 1099-1102, 1984.
5. Harrison, D. E., and P. S. Schopf, Kelvin wave induced anomalous advection and the onset of SST warming in El Niño events, Mon. Wen. Rev., 112, 923-933, 1984.
6. Harrison, D. E., Monthly mean island surface winds in the central tropical Pacific and El Niño, Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 3133-3145, 1987.
7. Harrison, D. E., and B. S. Giese, Remote westerly wind forcing of the eastern equatorial Pacific; some model results, Geophys. Res. Lett., 15, 804-807, 1988.
8. Harrison, D. E., B. S. Giese, and E. S. Sarachik, Mechanisms of SST change in the equatorial waveguide during the 1982-83 ENSO, J. Clim., 3, 173-188, 1990.
9. Harrison, D. E., and B. S. Giese, Episodes of surface westerly winds as observed from islands in the western tropical Pacific, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 3221-3237, 1991.
10. Harrison, D. E., and A. Craig, Ocean model studies of upper ocean variability at (0°N, 160°W) during the 1982-83 ENSO; local and remote forcing, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 23, 427-451, 1993.
11. Harrison, D. E., and G. A. Vecchi, Surface westerly wind events in the tropical Pacific 1986-1995, J. Clim., 10, 3131-3156, 1997.
12. Harrison, D. E., and N. K. Larkin, El Niño-Southern Oscillation surface temperature and wind anomalies, 1946-1993, Rev. Geophys., 36, 353-399, 1998.
13. Ji, M., A. Leetmaa, and J. Derber, An ocean analysis system for seasonal to interannual climate studies, Mon. Wea. Rev., 123(2), 460-481, 1995.
14. McPhaden, M. J., TOGA-TAO and the 1991-93, El Niño-Southern Oscillation Event, Oceanography, 6(2) 36-44, 1993.
15. Moore D. W., and S. G. H. Philander, Modeling of the tropical oceanic circulation, in The Sea, Vol. 6, Chapter 8, edited by Goldberg et al., New York, Interscience, 1977.
16. Philander, S. G. H., and A. D. Seigel, in Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Models, edited by J. Nihoul, Vol. 303, Amsterdam, Elsevier, 1985.
17. Philander, S. G. H., W. J. Hurlin, and A. D. Seigel, Simulation of the seasonal cycle of the tropical Pacific Ocean, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 17(11), 1986-2002, 1989.
18. Rasmusson, E. M., and J. M. Wallace, Meteorological aspects of the El Niño/Southern Oscillation, Science, 222(4629), 1195-1202, 1983.
19. Reynolds, R. W., and T. M. Smith, Improved global sea surface temperature analyses using optimum interpolation, J. Clim., 7(6), 929-948, 1994.
20. Suarez, M. J., and P. S. Schopf, Delayed action oscillator for ENSO, J. Atmos. Sci., 45(21), 3283-3287, 1988.