The endogenous melatonin profile as a marker for circadian phase position

Journal of Biological Rhythms

Volumn 14, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 227-236

  Lewy, Alfred J ^a   Cutler, Neil L ^a   Sack, Robert L ^a  

^a OREGON HEALTH AND SCIENCE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Circadian phase; Dim light melatonin offset (DLMOff); Dim light melatonin onset (DLMO); Melatonin; Melatonin amplitude; Melatonin assays; Melatonin duration; Melatonin synthesis offset (SynOff)

Indexed keywords

BIOSYNTHESIS; CIRCADIAN RHYTHM; HUMAN; IMMUNOASSAY; MELATONIN; RADIOIMMUNOASSAY;

EID: 0033153614     PISSN: 07487304     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/074873099129000641     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Arendt J, Bojkowski C, Franey C, Wright J, and Marks V (1985) Immunoassay of 6-hydroxymelatonin sulfate in human plasma and urine: Abolition of the urinary 24-hour rhythm with atenolol. J Clin Endocr Metab 60:1166-1173.
2. Brown EN, Choe Y, Shanahan TL, and Czeisler CA (1997) A mathematical model of diurnal variations in human plasma melatonin levels. Am J Physiol 272:E506-E516.
3. Brown EN and Czeisler CA (1992) The statistical analysis of circadian phase and amplitude in constant routine core temperature data. J Biol Rhythms 7:177-202.
4. Czeisler CA, Brown EN, Ronda JM, Kronauer RE, Richardson GS, and Freitag WO (1985) A clinical method to assess the endogenous circadian phase (ECP) of the deep circadian oscillator in man. Sleep Res 14:295.
5. Gershengorn H, Klerman E, and Kronauer RE (1998) Circadian phase assessment from plasma melatonin: A comparison of measures. Abstracts of the sixth meeting of the Society for Research on Biological Rhythms. Presented at the Amelia Island Plantation and Conference Center, Jacksonville, FL.
6. Goichot B, Weibel L, Chapotot F, Gronfier C, Piquard F, and Brandenberger G (1998) Effect of the shift of the sleep-wake cycle on three robust endocrine markers of the circadian clock. Am J Physiol 275:E243-E248.
7. Goldman BD and Darrow JM (1983) The pineal gland and mammalian photoperiodism. Neuroendocrinol 37:386-396.
8. Hughes RJ, Sack RL, and Lewy AJ (1998) The role of melatonin and circadian phase in age-related sleep maintenance insomnia: Assessment in a clinical trial of melatonin replacement. Sleep 21:52-68.
9. Illnerová H and Vanêcek J (1980) Pineal rhythm in N-acetyltransferase activity in rats under different artificial photoperiods and in natural daylight in the course of a year. Neuroendocrinol 31:321-326.
10. Illnerová H and Vanêcek J (1982) Two-oscillator structure of the pacemaker controlling the circadian rhythm of N-acetyltransferase in the rat pineal gland. J Comp Physiol A 145:539-548.
11. Lewy AJ (1983) Biochemistry and regulation of mammalian melatonin production. In The Pineal Gland, RM Relkin, ed, pp 77-128, Elsevier North-Holland, New York.
12. Lewy AJ (1984) Human melatonin secretion (II): A marker for the circadian system and the effects of light. In Neurobiology of Mood Disorders, RM Post and JC Ballenger, eds, pp 215-226, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore.
13. Lewy AJ (1999) The dim light melatonin onset, melatonin assays and biological rhythm research in humans. Biol Signals Recept 8:79-83.
14. Lewy AJ, Ahmed S, Jackson JML, and Sack RL (1992) Melatonin shifts circadian rhythms according to a phase-response curve. Chronobiol Int 9:380-392.
15. Lewy AJ, Bauer VK, Ahmed S, Thomas KH, Cutler NL, Singer CM, Moffit MT, and Sack RL (1998a) The human phase response curve (PRC) to melatonin is about 12 hours out of phase with the PRC to light. Chronobiol Int 15:71-83.
16. Lewy AJ, Bauer VK, Cutler NL, Sack RL, Ahmed S, Thomas KH, Blood ML, and Latham Jackson JM (1998b) Morning versus evening light treatment of winter depressive patients. Arch Gen Psychiatry 55:890-896.
17. Lewy AJ and Markey SP (1978) Analysis of melatonin in human plasma by gas chromatography negative chemical ionization mass spectrometry. Science 201:741-743.
18. Lewy AJ and Sack RL (1989) The dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) as a marker for circadian phase position. Chronobiol Int 6:93-102.
19. Lewy AJ and Sack RL (1997) Exogenous melatonin's phase shifting effects on the endogenous melatonin profile in sighted humans: a brief review and critique of the literature. J Biol Rhythms 12:595-603.
20. Lewy AJ, Sack RL, Boney RS, Clemons AA, Anderson NR, Pen SD, Bauer VK, Cutler NL, and Harker CT (1997) Assays for measuring the dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) in human plasma. Sleep Res 26:733.
21. Lewy AJ, Sack RL, Miller S, and Hoban TM (1987) Antidepressant and circadian phase-shifting effects of light. Science 235:352-354.
22. Lewy AJ, Sack RL, and Singer CM (1984) Assessment and treatment of chronobiologic disorders using plasma melatonin levels and bright light exposure: The clock-gate model and the phase response curve. Psychopharmacol Bull 20:561-565.
23. Lewy AJ, Sack RL, and Singer CM (1985a) Immediate and delayed effects of bright light on human melatonin production: Shifting "dawn" and "dusk" shifts the dim light melatonin onset (DLMO). Ann NY Acad Sci 453:253-259.
24. Lewy AJ, Sack RL, and Singer CM (1985b) Melatonin, light and chronobiological disorders. In Photoperiodism, Melatonin and the Pineal, D Evered and S Clark, eds, pp 231-252, Pitman, London.
25. Lewy AJ, Wehr TA, Gold P, and Goodwin FK (1979) Plasma melatonin in manic-depressive illness. In Catecholamines: Basic and Clinical Frontiers, E Usdin, IJ Kopin, and J Barchas, eds, pp 1173-1175, Pergamon, New York.
26. Lewy AJ, Wehr TA, Goodwin FK, Newsome DA, and Markey SP (1980) Light suppresses melatonin secretion in humans. Science 210:1267-1269.
27. Martin SK and Eastman CI (1998) Medium-intensity light produces circadian rhythm adaptation to simulated night-shift work. Sleep 21:154-165.
28. Matthews CD, Guerin MV, and Wang X (1991) Human plasma melatonin and urinary 6-sulphatoxy melatonin: Studies in natural annual photoperiod and in extended darkness. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 35:21-27.
29. Mills JN, Minors DS, and Waterhouse JM (1978) The effect of sleep upon human circadian rhythms. Chronobiologia 5:14-27.
30. Nowak R, McMillen IC, Redman J, and Short RV (1987) The correlation between serum and salivary melatonin concentrations and urinary 6-hydroxymelatonin sulphate excretion rates: Two non-invasive techniques for monitoring human melatonin rhythmicity. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 27:445-452.
31. Parry BL, Berga SL, Kripke DF, Klauber MR, Laughlin GA, Yen SSC, and Gillin JC (1990) Altered wave form of plasma nocturnal melatonin secretion in premenstrual depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 47:1139-1146.
32. Sack RL, Hughes RJ, Parrott K, and Lewy AJ (1998) Melatonin synthesis is sharply terminated at the beginning of the circadian day. Sleep 21(Suppl.):216.
33. Sack RL, Lewy AJ, White DM, Singer CM, Fireman MJ, and Vandiver R (1990) Morning versus evening light treatment for winter depression: Evidence that the therapeutic effects of light are mediated by circadian phase shifts. Arch Gen Psychiatry 47:343-351.
34. Shanahan TL (1990) Evaluation of the twenty-four hour plasma melatonin pattern as a marker of the human circadian system. Unpublished manuscript, Boston College.
35. Shanahan TL and Czeisler CA (1991) Light exposure induces equivalent phase shifts of the endogenous circadian rhythms of circulating plasma melatonin and core body temperature in men. J Clin Endocr Metab 73:227-235.
36. Van Cauter E, Moreno-Reyes R, Akseki E, L'Hermite-Baleriaux M, Hirschfeld U, Leproult R, and Copinschi G (1998) Rapid phase advance of the 24-h melatonin profile in response to afternoon dark exposure. Am J Physiol 275:E48-E54.
37. Voultsios A, Kennaway DJ, and Dawson D (1997) Salivary melatonin as a circadian phase marker: Validation and comparison to plasma melatonin. J Biol Rhythms 12:457-466.
38. Waterhouse JM and Minors DS (1988) Masking and entrainment. In Trends in Chronobiology, WTJM Hekkens, GA Kerkhof, and WJ Rietveld, eds, pp 163-171, Pergamon, Oxford.
39. Wehr TA (1997) Melatonin and seasonal rhythms. J Biol Rhythms 12:517-526.
40. Wehr TA, Moul DE, Barbato G, Giesen HA, Seidel JA, Barker C, and Bender C (1993) Conservation of photoperiod-responsive mechanisms in humans. Am J Physiol 265:R846-R857.