Echinoid concentration beds: Two examples from the stratigraphic spectrum

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

Volumn 149, Issue 1-4, 1999, Pages 329-348

  Moffat, Heather A ^a   Bottjer, David J ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Echinoid concentration beds; Miocene; Taphonomy; Triassic

Indexed keywords

MIOCENE; PRESERVATION; TAPHONOMY; TRIASSIC;

UNITED STATES;

EID: 0033151829     PISSN: 00310182     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0031-0182(98)00210-7     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. Aepler, R., Rief, W.E., 1971. Origin of bone beds. VIII Int. Sedimentology Congr., p. 1 (abstract).
2. Aigner, T., 1985. Storm Depositional Systems. Springer, Berlin.
3. Aigner T., Hagdorn H., Mundlos R. Biohermal, biostromal and storm-generated coquinas in the Upper Mushelkalk. Neues Jahrb. Geol. Paläontol. Abh. 157:1978;42-52.
4. Barnes, R.D., 1987. Invertebrate Zoology, 5th ed. CBS College Publ., PA, 893 pp.
5. Carson, G.A., 1991. Silicification of fossils. In: Allison, P.A., Briggs, D.E.G. (Eds.), Taphonomy: Releasing the Data Locked in the Fossil Record. Plenum Press, New York, pp. 455-499.
6. Carter, J.B., 1985. Depositional environments and tectonic history of the type Temblor Formation, Chico Martinez Creek, Kern County, California. M.S. Thesis, Stanford Univ., 191 pp. (unpubl.).
7. Crowley, S.F., 1988. Aspects of the diagenesis of the Great Limestone Cyclothem. Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. London.
8. Davies D.J., Powell E.N., Stanton R.J. Jr. Taphonomic signature as a function of environmental process: Shells and shell beds in a hurricane-influenced inlet on the Texas coast. Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol. 72:1989;317-356.
9. Davies D.J., Powell E.N., Stanton R.J. Jr. Relative rates of shell dissolution and net sediment accumulation - a commentary: can shell beds form by the gradual accumulation of biogenic debris on the sea floor? Lethaia. 22:1989;207-212.
10. Donovan, S.K., 1991. The taphonomy of echinoderms: Calcareous multi-element skeletons in the marine environment. In: Donovan, S.K. (Ed.), The Processes of Fossilization. Columbia Univ. Press, pp. 241-269.
11. Durham J.W., Melville R.V. A classification of echinoids. J. Paleontol. 31:1957;242-272.
12. Elorza, J.J., 1987. Early silicification in carbonate turbidites of the middle Eocene Flysch (Punta Gale, NE Bilbao, Spain). 8th Regional Meeting, Int. Assoc. Sedimentol., Tunis, p. 219.
13. Erwin, D.H., 1993. The Great Paleozoic Crisis: Life and Death in the Permian. Columbia Univ. Press, New York, NY, 327 pp.
14. Erwin D.H. The Permo-Triassic extinction. Nature. 367:1994;231-236.
15. Fürsich, F.T., 1982. Rhythmic bedding and shell bed formation in the Upper Jurassic of East Greenland. In: Einsele, G., Seilacher, A. (Eds.), Cyclic and Event Stratification. Springer, Berlin, pp. 208-222.
16. Greensmith J.T., Tucker E.V. The origin of Holocene shell deposits in the chenier plains facies of Essex (Great Britain). Mar. Geol. 7:1969;403-425.
17. Greenstein, B.J., 1990. Taphonomic biasing of subfossil echinoid populations adjacent to St. Croix, U.S.V.I. In: Larue, D.K., Draper, G. (Eds.), Transactions of the 12th Caribbean Geological Conference, St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands. Miami Geol. Soc., South Miami, FL, pp. 290-300.
18. Greenstein B.J. An integrated study of echinoid taphonomy: predictions for the fossil record of four echinoid families. Palaios. 6:1991;519-540.
19. Greenstein B.J. Taphonomic bias and the evolutionary history of the family Cidaridae (Echinodermata: Echinoidea). Paleobiology. 18(1):1992;50-79.
20. Greenstein B.J. Is the fossil record of regular echinoids really so poor? A comparison of living and subfossil assemblages. Palaios. 8:1993;587-601.
21. Holdaway H.K., Clayton C.J. Preservation of shell microstructure in silicified brachiopods from the Upper Cretaceous Wilmington Sands of Devon. Geol. Mag. 119:1982;371-382.
22. Johnson R.G. Models and methods for analysis of the mode of formation of fossil assemblages. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 71:1960;1075-1088.
23. Ketcher K., Allmon W.D. Environment and mode of deposition of a Pleistocene Coral Bed: Coral thickets and storms in the fossil record. Palaios. 8:1993;3-17.
24. Kidwell, S.M., 1982. Time scales of fossil accumulation: patterns from Miocene benthic assemblages. Third North American Paleontological Convention Proc. 1, 295-300.
25. Kidwell S.M. Palaeobiological and sedimentological implications of shell concentrations. Nature. 318:1985;457-460.
26. Kidwell, S.M., 1991a. The stratigraphy of shell concentrations. In: Allison, P.A., Briggs, D.E.G. (Eds.), Taphonomy: Releasing the Data Locked in the Fossil Record. Plenum Press, New York, NY, pp. 212-279.
27. Kidwell, S.M., 1991b. Condensed deposits in siliciclastic sequences: Expected and observed features. In: Einsele, G., Ricken, W., Seilacher, A. (Eds.), Cycles and Events in Stratigraphy. Springer, Berlin, pp. 682-695.
28. Kidwell S.M., Baumiller T.K. Experimental disintegration of regular echinoids: roles of temperature, oxygen, and decay thresholds. Paleobiology. 16:1990;247-271.
29. Kidwell, S.M., Bosence, D.W., 1991. Taphonomy and Time-Averaging of Marine Shelly Faunas. In: Allison, P.A., Briggs, D.E.G. (Eds.), Taphonomy: Releasing the Data Locked in the Fossil Record. Plenum Press, New York, NY, pp. 115-209.
30. Kidwell S.M., Holland S.M. Field description of coarse bioclastic fabrics. Palaios. 6:1991;426-434.
31. Kidwell, S.M., Jablonski, D., 1983. Taphonomic feedback: Ecological consequences of shell accumulation. In: Tevesz, M.J.S., McCall, P.L. (Eds.), Biotic Interactions in Recent and Fossil Benthic Communities. Plenum Press, New York, NY, pp. 195-235.
32. Kidwell S.M., Fürsich F.T., Aigner T. Conceptual framework for the analysis of fossil concentrations. Palaios. 1:1986;228-238.
33. Kier, P.M., 1974. Evolutionary trends and their functional significance in the post-Paleozoic echinoids. J. Paleontol. 48 (Suppl.): Paleontol. Soc. Mem. 5, 1-95.
34. Kier, P.M., 1974. Evolutionary trends and their functional significance in the post-Paleozoic echinoids. J. Paleontol. 48 (Suppl.): Paleontol. Soc. Mem. 5, 1-95.
35. Kier P.M. The poor fossil record of the regular echinoid. Paleobiology. 3:1977;168-174.
36. Kier P.M. Triassic echinoids. Smithson. Contrib. Paleobiol. 30:1977;1-80.
37. Kriesa R.D. Storm-generated sedimentary structures. J. Sediment. Petrol. 51:1981;823-848.
38. Middleton G.V. The orientation of concave-convex particles deposited from experimental turbidity currents. J. Sediment. Petrol. 37:1967;229-232.
39. Moffat, H.A., 1996. Structure and origin of echinoid beds: unique biogenic deposits in the stratigraphic record. M.S. Thesis, Univ. Southern California, 200 pp. (unpubl.).
40. Norris R.D. Taphonomic gradients in shelf fossil assemblages: Pliocene Purisima Formation, California. Palaios. 1:1986;256-270.
41. Parsons K.M., Brett C.E., Miller K.B. Taphonomy and depositional dynamics of Devonian shell-rich mudstones. Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol. 636:1988;106-140.
42. Salsman G.G., Tolbert W.H. Observations of the sand dollar Mellita quinquiesperforata. Limnol. Oceanogr. 10:1965;152-155.
43. Schäfer, W., 1969. Vergleichs-Schaubilder zur Bestimmung des Allochemgehaltes bioklastischer Karbonategesteine. Neues Jahrb. Geol. Palaontol. Monatsh., pp. 173-184.
44. Schubert, J.K., 1989. Paleoecology of the Lower Triassic Virgin Member, (Moenkopi Formation, southeastern Nevada and southwestern Utah. M.S. Thesis, Univ. Southern California, 234 pp. (unpubl.).
45. Schubert J.K., Bottjer D.J. Aftermath of the Permian-Triassic mass extinction event: Paleoecology of Lower Triassic carbonates in the western USA. Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol. 116:1995;1-39.
46. Seilacher A. Constructional morphology of sand dollars. Paleobiology. 5:1979;191-221.
47. Seilacher, A., 1982. General remarks about event deposits. In: Einsele, G., Seilacher, A. (Eds.), Cyclic and Event Stratification. Springer, Berlin, pp. 161-174.
48. Seilacher, A., Westphal, F., 1971. Fossil-Lagerstätten. In: Sedimentology of Parts of Central Europe, Guidebook 8th Int. Sedimentol. Congr., Heidelberg, pp. 327-335.
49. Smith, A.B., 1984. Echinoid Paleobiology. George Allen and Unwin, London, 190 pp.
50. Smith A.B. Echinoid evolution from the Triassic to lower Liassic. Cah. Inst. Cathol. Lyon Ser. Sci. 3:1990;79-115.
51. Smith A.B., Hollingworth N.T.J. Tooth structure and phylogeny of the upper Permian echinoid Miocidaris keyserlingi. Proc. Yorks. Geol. Soc. 48:1990;47-60.
52. Tucker, M.E., 1991. Sedimentary Petrology. Blackwell, Oxford, 260 pp.
53. Williams, H., Turner, F.J., Gilbert, C.M., 1982. Sedimentary Rocks, Part Two. In: Petrography: An Introduction to the Study of Rocks in Thin Section, 2nd ed. Freeman, San Francisco, CA, pp. 277-427.