The energy content of barley fed to growing pigs: Characterizing the nature of its variability and developing prediction equations for its estimation

Journal of Animal Science

Volumn 77, Issue 6, 1999, Pages 1502-1512

  Fairbairn, S L ^a,c   Patience, J F ^a   Classen, H L ^b   Zijlstra, R T ^a  

^a PRAIRIE SWINE CENTRE INC   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SASKATCHEWAN   (Canada)

^c Wetaskiwin Co op Country Junction Feeds   (Canada)

Author keywords

Barley; Digestible Energy; Metabolizable Energy; Pigs

Indexed keywords

HORDEUM VULGARE SUBSP. VULGARE; SUS SCROFA;

ANIMAL; ANIMAL FOOD; ARTICLE; BARLEY; DIGESTION; ENERGY METABOLISM; FEMALE; GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND AGING; MALE; NUTRITIONAL VALUE; SWINE;

ANIMAL FEED; ANIMALS; DIGESTION; ENERGY METABOLISM; FEMALE; HORDEUM; MALE; NUTRITIVE VALUE; SWINE;

EID: 0033145738     PISSN: 00218812     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2527/1999.7761502x     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Anderson, D. M., and J. M. Bell. 1983. The digestibility by pigs of dry matter, energy, protein and amino acids in wheat cultivars. II. Fifteen cultivars grown in two years, compared with Bonanza and Fergus barleys, and 3CW-grade hard spring wheat. Can. J. Plant Sci. 63:393-406.
2. AOAC. 1984. Official Methods of Analysis (14th Ed.). Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, VA.
3. AOAC. 1990. Official Methods of Analysis (15th Ed.). Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, VA.
4. AOAC. 1996. Official Methods of Analysis (16th Ed.). Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, VA.
5. Bach Knudsen, K. E., B. O. Eggum, and I. Jacobsen. 1987. Nutritive value of Danish-grown barley varieties. II. Effect of carbohydrate composition on digestibility of energy and protein. J. Cereal Sci. 6:187-195.
6. Beames, R. M., J. H. Helm, B. O. Eggum, S. Boisen, K. E. Bach Knudsen, and M. L. Swift. 1996. A comparison of the methods for measuring the nutritive value for pigs of a range of hulled and hulless barley cultivars. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 62: 189-201.
7. Bell, J. M., and M. O. Keith. 1991. Effect of pig weight and barley hulls on the digestibility of energy, protein and fiber in wheat, corn and hulless barley diets. Nutr. Res. 11:1307-1316.
8. Bell, J. M., A. Shires, and M. O. Keith. 1983. Effect of hull and protein contents of barley on protein and energy digestibility and feeding value for pigs. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 63:201-211.
9. Bhatty, R. S., J. D. Berdahl, and G. I. Christison. 1975. Chemical composition and digestible energy of barley. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 55:759-764.
10. Bhatty, R. S., G. I. Christison, and B. G. Rossnagel. 1979. Energy and protein digestibilities of hulled and hulless barley determined by swine-feeding. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 59:585-588.
11. Bhatty, R. S., G. I. Christison, F. W. Sosulski, B. L. Harvey, G. R. Hughes, and J. D. Berdahl. 1974. Relationships of various physical and chemical characters to digestible energy in wheat and barley cultivars. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 54:419-427.
12. Castell, A. G., and K. E. Bowren. 1980. Comparison of barley cultivars in diets for growing and finishing pigs. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 60:159-167.
13. Christison, G. I., and J. M. Bell. 1975. An assessment of bulk weight and other simple criteria for predicting the digestible energy values of feed grains. Can. J. Plant Sci. 55:515-528.
14. Crampton, E. W., and L. E. Harris. 1969. Schemes for describing the energy value of feeds. In: Applied Animal Nutrition (2nd Ed.). pp 56-57. W. H. Freeman and Co., San Francisco, CA.
15. Englyst, H. N. 1989. Classification and measurement of plant polysaccharides. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 3:27-42.
16. Englyst, H. N., and G. J. Hudson. 1987. Colorimetric method for routine measurement of dietary fiber as non-starch polysaccharides. A comparison with gas-liquid chromatography. Food Chem. 24:63-76.
17. Fenton, T. W., and M. Fenton. 1979. An improved procedure for the determination of chromic oxide in feed and feces. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 59:631-634.
18. Goodband, R. D., and R. H. Hines. 1988. An evaluation of barley in starter diets for swine. J. Anim. Sci. 66:3086-3093.
19. Graham, H., J. G. Fadel, C. W. Newman, and R. K. Newman. 1989. Effect of pelleting and β-glucanase supplementation on the ileal and fecal digestibility of a barley-based diet in the pig. J. Anim. Sci. 67:1293-1298.
20. Harris, L. E., L. C. Kearl, and P. V. Fonnesbeck. 1972. Use of regression equations in predicting availability of energy and protein. J. Anim. Sci. 35:658-680.
21. Henry, R. J. 1988. The carbohydrates of barley grains; A review. J. Inst. Brew. 94:71-78.
22. Honeyfield, D. C., P. F. Taylor, and J. F. Froseth. 1986. Barley cultivars for swine diets: Effect of year, cultivar and barley type on performance. pp 52-63. Swine Information Days Proc., Washington State Univ., Pullman.
23. King, R. H., and M. R. Taverner. 1975. Prediction of the digestible energy in pig diets from analyses of fiber contents. Anim. Prod. 21:275-284.
24. Low, A. G. 1985. Role of dietary fiber in pig diets. In: W. Haresign and D.J.A. Cole (Ed.) Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition. pp 87-112. Butterworths, London.
25. Maynard, L. A., J. K. Loosli, H. F. Hintz, and R. G. Warner. 1979. Energy concepts. In: Animal Nutrition (7th Ed.). pp 186-189. McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York.
26. McCleary, B. V., and R. Codd. 1991. Measurement of (1→3), (1→4)-β-D-glucan in barley and oats: A streamlined enzymatic procedure. J. Sci. Food Agric. 55:303-312.
27. Morgan, C. A., C. T. Whittemore, P. Phillips, and P. Crooks. 1987. The prediction of the energy value of compounded pig foods from chemical analysis. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 17:81-107.
28. Newman, C. W., and R. K. Newman. 1990. Nutritional aspects of barley as a livestock feed. Proc. West. Sect. Am. Soc. Anim. Sci. 41:99-107.
29. Noblet, J., H. Fortune, X. S. Shi, and S. Dubois. 1994. Prediction of net energy value of feeds for growing pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 72: 344-354.
30. NRC. 1988. Nutrient Requirements of Swine (9th Ed.). National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
31. Patience, J. F., and C.F.M. de Lange. 1996. Swine nutrition in the 21st century. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 58:19-27.
32. Patience, J. F., P. A. Thacker, and C.F.M. de Lange. 1995. Swine Nutrition Guide (2nd Ed.). pp 65-67. Prairie Swine Centre, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
33. Pawlowski, S. H. 1962. Methods for rapid determination of specific gravity of single seeds and seed samples and the correlation of specific gravity with oil content. Can. J. Plant Sci. 43:151-155.
34. Peers, D. G., and A. G. Taylor. 1977. The influence of the variety of barley and level of nitrogen fertilization on the digestibility and metabolizable energy value of barley meal in the pig. J. Sci. Food Agric. 28:602-606.
35. Perez, J. M., B. Ramoelintsalama, and D. Bourdon. 1980. Energy evaluation of barley for pigs. Prediction from analyses of fiber content. J. Rech. Porcine Fr. 12:273-284.
36. Salomonsson, A. C., O. Theander, and E. Westerlund. 1984. Chemical characterization of some Swedish cereal whole meal and bran fractions. Swed. J. Agric. Res. 14:111-117.
37. SAS. 1985. SAS User's Guide: Statistics (Version 5 Ed.). SAS Inst. Inc., Cary, NC.
38. Ullrich, S. E., D. C. Honeyfield, and J. A. Froseth. 1984. Variation in the composition of Western grown barley. Proc. West. Sect. Am. Soc. Anim. Sci. 35:163-166.
39. Van Soest, P. J., J. B. Robertson, and B. A. Lewis. 1991. Symposium: Carbohydrate methodology, metabolism and nutritional implications in dairy cattle. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy Sci. 74:3583-3597.
40. Wiseman, J., and D.J.A. Cole. 1983. Predicting the energy content of pig feeds. In: W. Haresign (Ed.) Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition - 1983. pp 59-70. Butterworth, London.
41. Wiseman, J., D.J.A. Cole, and D. Lewis. 1982. Energy values in pig nutrition. III. The digestible and metabolizable energy content of barley, wheat, maize, oats, and rye. J. Agric. Sci. 98:89-102.