Characterization of refuse-derived char from municipal solid waste : 2. Occurrence, abundance and source of trace elements

Fuel Processing Technology

Volumn 59, Issue 2-3, 1999, Pages 135-161

  Vassilev, Stanislav V ^a   Braekman Danheux, Colette ^b  

^a Ctrl Lab of Mineral and Cristal   (Bulgaria)

^b UNIVERSITÉ LIBRE DE BRUXELLES   (Belgium)

Author keywords

Ash; Municipal solid waste; Refuse derived char; Trace elements

Indexed keywords

CHARACTERIZATION; CLAY; COAL ASH; ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT; INORGANIC COMPOUNDS; IRON COMPOUNDS; MANAGEMENT; MINERALS; ORGANIC COMPOUNDS; RECOVERY; SOLID WASTES; TRACE ELEMENTS;

CLARKE VALUES; CONTENT ENRICHMENT FACTOR; MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE; REFUSE DERIVED CHAR; RESOURCE RECOVERY; THERMOLYSIS;

REFUSE DERIVED FUELS;

FUEL; MUNICIPAL WASTE; TRACE ELEMENT;

EID: 0033134260     PISSN: 03783820     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0378-3820(99)00018-1     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. R.J. Ehrig, M.J. Curry, Introduction and history, in: R.J. Ehrig (Ed.), Plastics Recycling: Products and Processes, Hanser/Gardner Publications, Cincinnati, USA, 1992, pp. 1-16.
2. P. Williams, Pollutants from incineration: an overview, in: R.E. Hester, R.M. Harrison (Eds.), Waste Incineration and the Environment, The Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, 1994, pp. 27-52.
3. Taylor D., Tompkins M., Kirton S., Mauney T., Natusch D., Hopke P. Analysis of fly ash produced from combustion of refuse-derived fuel and coal mixtures. Environ. Sci. Technol. 16:1982;148-154.
4. Lisk D. Environmental implications of incineration of municipal solid waste and ash disposal. Sci. Total Environ. 74:1988;39-66.
5. J. Petts, Incineration as a waste management option, in: R.E. Hester, R.M. Harrison (Eds.), Waste Incineration and the Environment, The Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, 1994, pp. 1-25.
6. Vogg H. Behavior of (heavy) metals in the incineration of municipal wastes. Int. Chem. Eng. 27(2):1987;177-182.
7. Denison R., Silbergeld E. Risks of municipal solid waste incineration: an environmental perspective. Risk Anal. 8(3):1988;343-355.
8. E. Dirks, Energy recovery from plastic wastes in waste incineration plants, in: J. Brandrup, M. Bittner, W. Michaeli, G. Menges (Eds.), Recycling and Recovery of Plastics, Hanser/Gardner Publications, Cincinnati, USA, 1996, pp. 747-769.
9. McGhee B., Norton F., Snape C., Hall P. The copyrolysis of poly(vinylchloride) with cellulose derived materials as a model for municipal waste derived chars. Fuel. 74:1995;28-31.
10. Cozzani V., Petarca L., Tognotti L. Devolatilization and pyrolysis of refuse derived fuels: characterization and kinetic modelling by a thermogravimetric and calorimetric approach. Fuel. 74:1995;903-912.
11. Vassilev S., Braekman-Danheux C., Laurent P. Characterization of refuse-derived char from municipal solid waste: 1. Phase-mineral and chemical composition. Fuel Process. Technol. 59:1999.
12. Law S., Gordon G. Sources of metals in municipal incinerator emissions. Environ. Sci. Technol. 13:1979;432-438.
13. Heinrichs H., Brumsack H.-J., Schultz W. Analyse von Mull. LaborPraxis. 9:1991;709-716. in German.
14. Heinrichs H. Umweltgeochemie von Mull. Aufschluss. 46:1995;155-162. in German.
15. H. Herbst, K. Hoffman, R. Pfaendner, F. Sitek, Improving the quality of recyclates with additives (stabilizers), in: J. Brandrup, M. Bittner, W. Michaeli, G. Menges (Eds.), Recycling and Recovery of Plastics, Hanser/Gardner Publications, Cincinnati, USA, 1996, pp. 297-314.
16. J. Brandrup, Preparation of feedstock for petrochemical recycling - requirements imposed on plastics waste, in: J. Brandrup, M. Bittner, W. Michaeli, G. Menges (Eds.), Recycling and Recovery of Plastics, Hanser/Gardner Publications, Cincinnati, USA, 1996, pp. 393-412.
17. F.E. Mark, MSW combustion: the effects of mixed plastics waste addition on solid residues and chlorinated organic compounds, in: J. Brandrup, M. Bittner, W. Michaeli, G. Menges (Eds.), Recycling and Recovery of Plastics, Hanser/Gardner Publications, Cincinnati, USA, 1996, pp. 831-848.
18. Fernandez M., Martinez L., Segarra M., Garcia J., Espiell F. Behavior of heavy metals in the combustion gases of urban waste incinerators. Environ. Sci. Technol. 26:1992;1040-1047.
19. Barton R., Clark W., Seeker W. Fate of metals in waste combustion systems. Combust. Sci. Technol. 74:1990;327-342.
20. Reimann D. Mercury output from garbage incineration. Waste Manage. Res. 4:1986;45-56.
21. Kirby C.S., Rimstidt J.D. Mineralogy and surface properties of municipal solid waste ash. Environ. Sci. Technol. 27:1993;652-660.
22. Tateda M., Ike M., Fujita M. Loss of metallic elements associated with ash disposal and social impacts. Resour., Conserv. Recycl. 19:1997;93-108.
23. Fontana A., Burzynska-Weis B., Jung G., Braekman-Danheux C., Laurent P. Pyrolysis of municipal solid waste: an additional technique for waste management. IChemE Environ. Prot. Bull. 48:1997;15-20.
24. Braekman-Danheux C., D'haeyere A., Fontana A., Laurent P. Upgrading of waste derived solid fuel by steam gasification. Fuel. 77:1998;55-59.
25. Vogg H., Braun H., Metzger M., Schneider J. The specific role of cadmium and mercury in municipal solid waste incineration. Waste Manage. Res. 4:1986;65-74.
26. Reimann D. Heavy metals in domestic refuse and their distribution in incinerator residues. Waste Manage. Res. 7:1989;57-62.
27. Wadge A., Hutton M., Peterson P. The concentrations and particle size relationships of selected trace elements in fly ashes from UK coal-fired power plants and a refuse incinerator. Sci. Total Environ. 54:1986;13-27.
28. Brunner P., Monch H. The flux of metals through municipal solid waste incinerators. Waste Manage. Res. 4:1986;105-119.
29. Greenberg R., Zoller W., Gordon G. Composition and size distributions of particles released in refuse incineration. Environ. Sci. Technol. 12:1978;566-573.
30. Carlsson K. Heavy metals from 'energy from waste' plants - comparison of gas cleaning systems. Waste Manage. Res. 4:1986;15-20.
31. Derie R. A new way to stabilize fly ash from municipal incinerators. Waste Manage. 16:1996;711-716.
32. Vassilev S., Vassileva C. Geochemistry of coals, coal ashes and combustion wastes from coal-fired power stations. Fuel Process. Technol. 51:1997;19-45.
33. D. Harrop, Environmental assessment and incineration, in: R.E. Hester, R.M. Harrison (Eds.), Waste Incineration and the Environment, The Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, 1994, pp. 137-153.
34. Linak W., Wendt J. Trace metal transformation mechanisms during coal combustion. Fuel Process. Technol. 39:1994;173-198.
35. Vassilev S., Kitano K., Vassileva C. Relations between ash yield and chemical and mineral composition of coals. Fuel. 76:1997;3-8.
36. Guide of Varian Analytical Methods, Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, Varian Techtron, Mulgrave, Victoria, Australia, 1989, 146 pp.
37. Wu C., Chang C., Lin J., Hwang J. Thermal treatment of coated printing and writing paper in MSW: pyrolysis kinetics. Fuel. 76:1997;1151-1157.
38. H. Bowen, Trace Elements in Biochemistry, Academic Press, New York, 1966, 241 pp.
39. M. Dritz, P. Budberg, G. Burhanov, A. Dritz, B. Panovko, Properties of Elements: Handbook, Metalurgia, Moscow, 1985, 672 pp. (in Russian).
40. V. Diakovich, A. Dobrev, V. Nikiforov, Handbook of Chemistry, Narodna Prosveta, Sofia, 1987, 384 pp. (in Bulgarian).
41. A. Perelman, Geochemistry, Vishaya Shkola, Moscow, 1979, 423 pp. (in Russian).
42. Van der Flier-Keller E., Fyfe W. Relationships between inorganic constituents and organic matter in a northern Ontario lignite. Fuel. 67:1988;1048-1052.
43. D. Swaine, Trace Elements in Coal, Butterworth, London, 1990, 296 pp.
44. F. Huggins, J. Zhao, N. Shah, G. Huffman, Modes of occurrence of trace elements in coal from XAFS spectroscopy, American Chemical Society, Division of Fuel Chemistry, Preprints; 39 (2) (1994) 504-508.
45. Y. Yudovich, M. Ketris, A. Mertc, Trace Elements in Coal, Nauka, Leningrad, 1985, 239 pp. (in Russian).
46. N. Solodov, E. Semenov, V. Burkov, Geological Handbook on Heavy Lithophilic Trace Metals, Nedra, Moscow, 1987, 438 pp. (in Russian).
47. R. Finkelman, Abundance, source, and mode of occurrence of the inorganic constituents in coal, in: O. Kural (Ed.), Coal: Resources, Properties, Utilization, Pollution, Istanbul Technical University, Turkey, 1994, pp. 115-125.