The classification of smile patterns

Journal of the Canadian Dental Association

Volumn 65, Issue 5, 1999, Pages 252-254

  Philips, Edward ^a,b  

^a Studio for Aesthetic Dentistry ^*

^b Studio for Aesthetic Dentistry   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CLASSIFICATION; DENTAL CARE; FACIAL EXPRESSION; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; NOMENCLATURE; PHYSIOLOGY;

CLASSIFICATION; ESTHETICS, DENTAL; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; SMILING; TERMINOLOGY;

EID: 0033128555     PISSN: 14882159     EISSN: 14882159     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (5)

1. Young S. Human facial expressions. In: Jones, S. and others, editors. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Human Evolution. 1992. p. 164-5.
2. Kingdon J. Facial patterns as signals and masks. In: Jones, S. and others, editors. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Human Evolution. 1992. p. 161-5.
3. Rubin LR. The anatomy of a smile: its importance in the treatment of facial paralysis. Plast Reconstr Surg 1974; 53:384-7.
4. Paletz JL, Manktelow RT, Chaban R The shape of a normal smile: implications for facial paralysis reconstruction. Plast Reconstr Surg 1993; 93:784-9.
5. Janzen EK. A balanced smile-a most important treatment objective. Am J Orthod 1977; 72:359-72.