Neurotoxicity of 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene (TNB): Immunohistochemical Study of Cerebrovascular Permeability

Veterinary Pathology

Volumn 36, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 212-220

  Chandra, A M S ^a   Campbell, G A ^a   Reddy, G ^b   Qualls Jr , C W ^a,c  

^a OKLAHOMA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b U S ARMY CENTER FOR HEALTH PROMOTION AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE   (United States)

^c GLAXOSMITHKLINE   (United States)

Author keywords

1,3,5 trinitrobenzene; Albumin; Blood brain barrier; Immunohistochemistry; Munitions; Neurotoxicity; Rats

Indexed keywords

ALBUMINOID; NITROBENZENE DERIVATIVE; SYM TRINITROBENZENE; SYM-TRINITROBENZENE;

ANIMAL; ARTICLE; BLOOD BRAIN BARRIER; BRAIN; BRAIN CIRCULATION; CAPILLARY PERMEABILITY; CHEMISTRY; DRUG EFFECT; FISCHER 344 RAT; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; MALE; PATHOLOGY; RANDOMIZATION; RAT; WATER POLLUTANT;

ALBUMINS; ANIMALS; BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER; BRAIN; CAPILLARY PERMEABILITY; CEREBROVASCULAR CIRCULATION; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; MALE; RANDOM ALLOCATION; RATS; RATS, INBRED F344; TRINITROBENZENES; WATER POLLUTANTS, CHEMICAL;

EID: 0033127716     PISSN: 03009858     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1354/vp.36-3-212     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Brightman MW, Klatzo, I, Olsson Y, Reese TS: The blood-brain barrier to proteins under normal and pathological conditions. J Neurol Sci 10:215-239, 1970
2. Chandra AMS, Qualls CW Jr, Reddy G: 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene induced encephalopathy in male Fischer-344 rats. Toxicol Pathol 23:527-532, 1995
3. Chandra AMS, Qualls CW Jr, Reddy G, Meinkoth JH: Hematological effects of 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene (TNB) in rats in vivo and in vitro. J Toxicol Environ Health 46: 57-72, 1995
4. Chui E, Wilmes F, Sotelo JE, Horie R, Fujiwara K, Suzuki K, Klatzo I: Immunocytochemical studies on extravasation of serum proteins in cerebrovascular disorders. In: Cerebral Microcirculation and Metabolism, ed. Cervos-Navarro J, and Fritschka E, pp. 121-127. Raven Press, New York, NY, 1981
5. Clark PG: Identical population of phagocytes and dying neurons revealed by intravascularly injected horseradish peroxidase, and by endogenous glutaraldehyde-resistant acid phosphatase, in the brains of chick embryos. Histochem J 16:955-969, 1984
6. Fitzgerald GB, DiGuilio N, Desai LS, Reddy G: Acute toxicity evaluation of 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene. J Am Coll Toxicol B Acute To Data 1:169-170, 1992
7. Fredriksson K, Kalimo H, Nordborg C, Johansson BB, Olsson Y: Nerve cell injury in the brain of stroke-prone hypertensive rats. Acta Neuropathol 76:227-237, 1988
8. Fredriksson K, Kalimo H, Nordborg C, Johansson BB, Olsson Y: Cyst formation and glial response in the brain lesions of stroke-prone hypertensive rats. Acta Neuropathol 76:441-450, 1988
9. Johansson BB, Nilsson B: The pathophysiology of the blood-brain barrier dysfunction induced by severe hypertension and by epileptic brain activity. Acta Neuropathol 38:153-158, 1977
10. Kitagawa K, Matsumoto M, Tagaya M, Ueda H, Oku N, Kuwabara K, Ohtsuki T, Handa N, Kimura K, Kamada T: Temporal profile of serum albumin extravasation following cerebral ischemia in a newly established reproducible gerbil model for vasogenic edema: a combined immunohistochemical and dye tracer analysis. Acta Neuropathol 82:164-171, 1991
11. Klatzo I: Neuropathological aspects of brain edema. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 26:1-14, 1967
12. Klatzo I, Miquel J, Otenasek R: The application of fluorescein labeled serum protein (FLSP) to the study of vascular permeability in the brain. Acta Neuropathol 2:144-160, 1962
13. Kristensson K: Retrograde signaling after nerve injury. In: Axonal Transport in Neuronal Growth and Regeneration, ed. Elam JS, and Cancalon P, pp. 31-43. Plenum, New York, NY, 1984
14. Kristensson K, Olsson Y: Retrograde axonal transport of protein. Brain Res 29:363-365, 1971
15. Lampert PW. Schocet SS: Electron microscopic observation on experimental spongy degeneration of the cerebellar white matter. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 27:210-220, 1968
16. LaVail JH, LaVail MM: Retrograde axonal transport in the central nervous system. Science 176:1416-1417, 1972
17. Loberg EM, Brorson SH, Skjorten F, Torvik A: Neuronal uptake of plasma proteins in cryogenic brain lesions. An immunoelectron microscopic study. Acta Pathol Microbiol Immunol Scand 100:1033-1040, 1992
18. Loberg EM, Karlsson BR, Torvik A: Neuronal uptake of plasma proteins after transient cerebral ischemia/hypoxia. Immunohistochemical studies on experimental animals and human brains. Acta Pathol Microbiol Immunol Scand 101:777-783, 1993
19. Loberg EM, Torvik A: Uptake of plasma proteins into damaged neurons. An experimental study on cryogenic lesions in rats. Acta Neuropathol 81:479-485, 1991
20. Loberg EM, Torvik A: Neuronal uptake of plasma proteins in brain contusions. An immunohistochemical study. Acta Neuropathol 84:234-237, 1993
21. Lorenzo AV, Shirahige I, Liang M, Barlow CF: Temporary alterations of cerebrovascular permeability to plasma protein during drug-induced seizures. Am J Physiol 231:483-488, 1972
22. Mesulam MM: Tracing neuronal connections with horseradish peroxidase. In: Ibro Handbook Series: Methods in the Neurosciences, ed. Smith AD, pp. 3-135. Wiley and Sons, New York, NY, 1982
23. Mihaly A, Bozoky B: Immunohistochemical localization of extravasated serum albumin in the hippocampus of human subjects with partial and generalized epilepsies and epileptiform convulsions. Acta Neuropathol 65:25-34, 1984
24. Morgan KT, Gross EA, Lyght O, Bond JA: Morphologic and biochemical studies of a nitrobenzene-induced encephalopathy in rats. Neurotoxicology 6:105-116, 1985
25. Nag S: Cerebral changes in chronic hypertension: combined permeability and immunohistochemical studies. Acta Neuropathol 62:178-184, 1984
26. Nordborg C, Sokrab TEO, Johansson BB: The relationship between plasma protein extravasation and remote tissue changes after experimental brain infarction. Acta Neuropathol 82:118-126, 1991
27. O'Donoghue JL: Screening for neurotoxicity using a neurologically based examination and neuropathology. J Am Coll Toxicol 8:97-119, 1989
28. Olsson Y, Hossman KA: Fine structural localization of exudated protein tracers in the brain. Acta Neuropathol 16:103-116, 1970
29. Olsson Y, Kristensson K: Recent applications of tracer techniques to neuropathology with particular reference to vascular permeability and axonal flow. Recent Adv Neuropathol 1:1-26, 1979
30. Paxinos G, Watson C: The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, 1986
31. Philbert MA, Nolan CC, Cremer JE, Tucker D, Brown AW: 1,3-Dinitrobenzene-induced encephalopathy in rats. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 13:371-389, 1987
32. Reddy TV, Weichman BE, Lin EL, Chang LW, Smith MK, Daniel FB, Reddy G: Separation and quantitation of nitrobenzenes and their reduction products nitroanilines and phenylenediamines by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr 655: 331-335, 1993
33. Romero I, Brown AW, Cavanagh JB, Nolan CC, Ray DE, Seville MP: Vascular factors in the neurotoxic damage caused by 1,3-dinitrobenzene in the rat. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 17:495-508, 1991
34. Salahuddin TS, Kalimo H, Johansson BB, Olsson Y: Observations on exudation of fibronectin, fibrinogen and albumin in the brain after carotid infusion of hyperosmolar solutions. An immunohistochemical study in the rat indicating long lasting changes in the brain microenvironment and multifocal nerve cell injuries. Acta Neuropathol 76:1-10, 1988
35. Sokrab TEO, Johansson BB, Kalimo H, Olsson Y: A transient hypertensive opening of the blood brain barrier can lead to brain damage. Extravasation of serum proteins and cellular changes in rats subjected to aortic compression. Acta Neuropathol 75:557-565, 1988
36. Sokrab TEO, Johansson BB, Tengvar C, Kalimo H, Olsson Y: Adrenalin-induced hypertension: morphological consequences of the blood-brain disturbance. Acta Neurol Scand 77:387-396, 1988
37. Sokrab TEO, Kalimo H, Johansson BB: Parenchymal changes related to plasma protein extravasation in experimental seizures. Epilepsia 31:1-8, 1990
38. Tanaka R, Tanimura K, Ueki K: Ultrastructural and biochemical studies on oubain-induced oedematous brain. Acta Neupathol 37:95-100, 1977
39. Tengvar C: Extensive intraneuronal spread of horseradish peroxidase from a focus of vasogenic edema into remote areas of central nervous system. Acta Neuropathol 71: 177-196, 1986
40. Tengvar CH, Olsson Y: Uptake of macromolecules in neurons from a focal vasogenic brain edema and subsequent axonal spread to other brain regions. A preliminary study in the mouse with horseradish peroxidase as a tracer. Acta Neuropathol 57:233-235, 1982
41. Watanabe I: Pyrithiamine-induced acute thiamine-deficient encephalopathy in the mouse. Exp Mol Pathol 28: 381-394, 1978
42. Watanabe I, Iwasaki Y, Aikawa H, Satoyoshi E, Davis JW: Hemorrhage of thiamine deficient encephalopathy. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 40:566-580, 1981