Structural and functional predictors of regional peak pressures under the foot during walking

Journal of Biomechanics

Volumn 32, Issue 4, 1999, Pages 359-370

  Morag, E ^a,b   Cavanagh, P R ^a  

^a PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b Nike   (United States)

Author keywords

3D; Foot; Gait analysis; Kinematics; Pressure; Radiographs; Soft tissue

Indexed keywords

ANTHROPOMETRY; ELECTROMYOGRAPHY; JOINTS (ANATOMY); KINEMATICS; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; MUSCLE; PRESSURE MEASUREMENT; RADIOGRAPHY; REGRESSION ANALYSIS;

PASSIVE RANGE OF MOTION (PROM);

GAIT ANALYSIS;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; ELECTROMYOGRAPHY; FEMALE; FOOT; GAIT; HEEL; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; JOINT CHARACTERISTICS AND FUNCTIONS; MALE; PREDICTION; PRESSURE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RADIOGRAPHY; SOFT TISSUE; WALKING;

EID: 0033118932     PISSN: 00219290     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0021-9290(98)00188-2     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Barry D.C., Sabacinski K.A., Habershaw G.M., Giurini J.M., Chrzan J.S. Tendo achilles procedures for chronic ulcerations in diabetic patients with transmetatarsal amputations. Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association. 83:1993;96-100.
2. Boulton A.J.M., Hardisty C.A., Betts R.P., Franks C.I., Worth R.C., Ward J.D., Duckworth T. Dynamic foot pressure and other studies as diagnostic and management aids in diabetic neuropathy. Diabetes Care. 6:1983;26-33.
3. Buschmann W.R., Hudgins L.C., Kummer F., Desai P., Jahss M.H. Fatty acid composition of normal and atrophied heel fat pad. Foot and Ankle. 14:1993;389-394.
4. Cavanagh P.R., Morag E., Boulton A., Young M., Deffner K., Pammer S. The relationship of static foot structure to dynamic foot function. Journal of Biomechanics. 30:1997;243-250.
5. Cavanagh P.R., Sims D.S. Jr., Sanders L.J. Body mass is a poor predictor of peak plantar pressure in diabetic men. Diabetes Care. 14:1991;750-755.
6. Clarke T.E. The pressure distribution under the foot during barefoot walking. Ph.D. thesis. 1980;The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA.
7. De Clercq D., Aerts P., Kunnen M. The mechanical characteristics of the human heel pad during foot strike in running. an in vivo cineradiographic study Journal of Biomechanics. 27:1994;1213-1222.
8. Duckworth T., Boulton A.J.M., Betts R.P., Franks C.I., Ward J.D. Plantar pressure measurements and the prevention of ulceration in the diabetic foot. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. 67B:1985;79-85.
9. Fernando D.J.S., Masson E.A., Veves A., Boulton A.M.J. Relationship of limited joint mobility to abnormal foot pressures and diabetic foot ulceration. Diabetes Care. 14(1):1991;8-11.
10. Ferris L., Sharkey N.A., Smith T.S., Matthews D.K. Influence of extrinsic plantar flexors on forefoot loading during heel rise. Foot and Ankle International. 16:1995;464-473.
11. Fox, M.G., 1950. The effect of shortness of the first metatarsal bone on foot function. Research Quarterly, 277-286.
12. Gooding G.A.W., Stess R.M., Graf P.M., Grunfeld C. Heel pad thickness. determination by high-resolution ultrasonography Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine. 4:1985;173-174.
13. Grieve, D.W., 1969. The assessment of gait. Physiotherapy Nov, 452-460.
14. Grieve D.W., Gear R.J. The relationships between length of stride, step frequency, time of swing and speed of walking for children and adults. Ergonomics. 9:1966;379-399.
15. Grood E.S., Suntay W.J. A joint coordinate system for the clinical description of three-dimensional motions. application to the knee Journal of Biomechanical Engineering. 105:1983;136-144.
16. Habershaw G., Donovan J.C. Biomechanical considerations of the diabetic foot. Kozak G.P., Hoar C.S., Rowbotham J.L., Wheelock F.C., Gibbons G.W., Campbell D. Management of Diabetic Foot Problems. 1984;32-44 W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia.
17. Holden T.S., Muncey R.W. Pressures on the human foot during walking. Australian Journal of Applied Science. 4:1953;405-417.
18. Hutton W.C., Dhanendran M. A study of the distribution of load under the normal foot during walking. International Orthopaedics. 3:1979;153-157.
19. Jahss M.H., Kummer F., Michelson J.D. Investigations into the fat pads of the sole of the foot. heel pressure studies Foot and Ankle. 13:1992;227-232.
20. Jorgensen U., Larsen E., Varmarken J.E. The HPC-Device. a method to quantify the heel pad shock absorbency Foot and Ankle. 10:1989;93-98.
21. McMahon T.A. Gravitational scale effects. Physiologist. 22:1979;S5-S6.
22. Minitab Inc., 1995. Minitab User's Guide Version 10. Minitab Inc., State College, PA.
23. Minns R.J., Craxford A.D. Pressure under the forefoot in rheumatoid arthritis. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related research. 187:1984;235-242.
24. Morag E. Structural and functional factors that determine regional peak pressures under the foot during walking. Ph.D. Thesis. 1997;The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA.
25. Morag, E., Lemmon, D.R., Cavanagh, P.R., 1997. What role does plantar soft tissue stiffness play in determining peak pressure under the heel? Gait and Posture 5: (Abstract presented to the 2nd Annual Meeting of the North American Society of Gait and Clinical Movement Analysis), p. 164.
26. Morag, E., Pammer, S.E., Boulton, A., Young, M., Deffner, K., Cavanagh, P., 1996. Structural and functional aspects of the diabetic foot. Proceedings of the 5th EMED Users Meeting, University Park, PA, 18.
27. Morton D.J. The Human Foot. 1935;Columbia University, New York.
28. Myerson M.S., Shereff M.J. The pathological anatomy of claw and hammer toes. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. 71A:1989;45-49.
29. Neter, J., Wasserman, W., Kutner, M.H., 1990. Applied Linear Statistical Models, 3rd ed. Irwin, Homewood, IL.
30. Rodgers M.M. Plantar pressure distribution measurement during barefoot walking. normal values and predictive equations. Ph.D. Thesis:1985;The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA.
31. Rodgers, M.M., 1995. Dynamic foot biomechanics. Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy 21, 306-316.
32. Root, M.L., Orien, W.P., Weed, J.H., 1977b. Normal and Abnormal Function of the Foot, vol. 2. Clinical Biomechanics, Los Angeles.
33. Root, M.L., Orien, W.P., Weed, J.H., Hughes R.J., 1977a. Biomechanical Examination of the Foot, vol. 1. Clinical Biomechanics, Los Angeles.
34. Rosenbaum D., Hautmann S., Gold M., Claes L. Effects of walking speed on plantar pressure patterns and hindfoot angular motion. Gait and Posture. 2:1994;191-197.
35. Rosenrot P., Wall J.C., Charteris J. The relationship between velocity, stride time, support time and swing time during normal walking. Journal of Human Movement Studies. 6:1980;323-335.
36. Saltzman C.L., Brandser E.A., Berbaum K., DeGnore L., Holmes J., Katcherian D., Teasdall R., Alexander I. Reliability of standard foot radiographic measurements. Foot and Ankle International. 15:1994;661-665.
37. Steel, M.W., 3rd., Johnson, K.A., DeWitz, M.A., Listrup, D.M., 1980. Radiographic measurements of the normal adult foot. Foot and Ankle 1, 151-158.
38. Stokes, I.A.F., 1975. An analysis of the forces on normal and pathological human feet. Ph.D. Thesis, The Polytechnic of Central London.
39. Valiant G.A. A determination of the mechanical characteristics of the human heel pad. Ph.D. thesis. 1984;The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA.
40. Veves A., Murray H.J., Young M.J., Boulton A.J.M. The risk of foot ulceration in diabetic patients with high foot pressure. a prospective study Diabetologia. 35:1992;660-663.