메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 34, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 273-283

Lead isotopes of the carbonate-hosted Kabwe, Tsumeb, and Kipushi Pb-Zn-Cu sulphide deposits in relation to Pan African orogenesis in the Damaran-Lufilian Fold Belt of Central Africa

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COPPER; ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION; LEAD; MINERALIZATION; PAN AFRICAN OROGENY; ZINC;

EID: 0033105868     PISSN: 00264598     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s001260050203     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (110)

References (66)
  • 1
    • 0000779096 scopus 로고
    • Age and degree of metamorphism and time of nappe emplacement along the southern margin of the Damara Orogen
    • Ahrendt H, Hunziker JC, Weber K (1978) Age and degree of metamorphism and time of nappe emplacement along the southern margin of the Damara Orogen. Geol Runds. 67: 719-742
    • (1978) Geol Runds. , vol.67 , pp. 719-742
    • Ahrendt, H.1    Hunziker, J.C.2    Weber, K.3
  • 2
    • 0021644556 scopus 로고
    • The geotectonic environment of Zambian copper-cobalt mineralization
    • Annels AE (1984) The geotectonic environment of Zambian copper-cobalt mineralization. J Geol Soc London 141: 279-289
    • (1984) J Geol Soc London , vol.141 , pp. 279-289
    • Annels, A.E.1
  • 3
    • 0021559941 scopus 로고
    • Cobalt in the Zambian Copperbelt
    • Annels AE, Simmonds JR (1984) Cobalt in the Zambian Copperbelt. Precamb Res 25: 75-98
    • (1984) Precamb Res , vol.25 , pp. 75-98
    • Annels, A.E.1    Simmonds, J.R.2
  • 4
    • 0020974835 scopus 로고
    • Sedimentology and mineralogy of Upper Proterozoic playa-lake deposits in the Damara Orogen
    • Martin H, Eder FW (eds). Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg New York
    • Behr H-J, Ahrendt H, Martin H, Porada H, Röhrs J, Weber K (1983a) Sedimentology and mineralogy of Upper Proterozoic playa-lake deposits in the Damara Orogen. In: Martin H, Eder FW (eds) Intracontinental fold belts. Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 577-610
    • (1983) Intracontinental Fold Belts , pp. 577-610
    • Behr, H.-J.1    Ahrendt, H.2    Martin, H.3    Porada, H.4    Röhrs, J.5    Weber, K.6
  • 5
    • 0020869477 scopus 로고
    • Fluid inclusions and genetic aspects of the Damara Orogen
    • Martin H, Eder FW (eds). Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg New York
    • Behr H-J, Horn EE, Porada H (1983b) Fluid inclusions and genetic aspects of the Damara Orogen. In: Martin H, Eder FW (eds) Intracontinental fold belts. Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 611-654
    • (1983) Intracontinental Fold Belts , pp. 611-654
    • Behr, H.-J.1    Horn, E.E.2    Porada, H.3
  • 6
    • 0013612677 scopus 로고
    • Reflections on metallogenic models for sediment-hosted stratiform copper deposits
    • Binda PL (1995) Reflections on metallogenic models for sediment-hosted stratiform copper deposits. Royal Museum Central Africa (Belgium) Ann Sci Geol 101: 77-86
    • (1995) Royal Museum Central Africa (Belgium) Ann Sci Geol , vol.101 , pp. 77-86
    • Binda, P.L.1
  • 8
    • 0027524346 scopus 로고
    • Sulfur and lead isotope constraints on the genesis of a southern Zambian massive sulfide deposit
    • Burnard PG, Sweeney MA, Vaughan DJ, Spiro B, Thirwall MF (1993) Sulfur and lead isotope constraints on the genesis of a southern Zambian massive sulfide deposit. Econ Geol 88: 418-436
    • (1993) Econ Geol , vol.88 , pp. 418-436
    • Burnard, P.G.1    Sweeney, M.A.2    Vaughan, D.J.3    Spiro, B.4    Thirwall, M.F.5
  • 9
    • 0013631457 scopus 로고
    • Igneous activity and mineralisation episodes in the evolution of the Kibaride and Katangide orogenic belts of Central Africa
    • Clifford TN, Gass IG (eds). Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh
    • Cahen L (1970) Igneous activity and mineralisation episodes in the evolution of the Kibaride and Katangide orogenic belts of Central Africa. In: Clifford TN, Gass IG (eds) African magmatism and tectonics. Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh, pp 97-117
    • (1970) African Magmatism and Tectonics , pp. 97-117
    • Cahen, L.1
  • 13
    • 0001943508 scopus 로고
    • The structural framework of Africa
    • Clifford TN, Gass IG (eds). Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh
    • Clifford TN (1970) The structural framework of Africa. In: Clifford TN, Gass IG (eds) African magmatism and tectonics. Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh, pp 1-26
    • (1970) African Magmatism and Tectonics , pp. 1-26
    • Clifford, T.N.1
  • 14
    • 0027073947 scopus 로고
    • Late Precambrian thrust tectonics, high pressure metamorphism and uranium mineralization in the Domes area. Lufilian Arc, northwestern Zambia
    • Cosi M, De Bonis A, Gosso G, Hunziker J, Martinotti G, Moratto S, Robert JP, Ruhlman F (1992) Late Precambrian thrust tectonics, high pressure metamorphism and uranium mineralization in the Domes area. Lufilian Arc, northwestern Zambia. Precamb Res 58: 215-240
    • (1992) Precamb Res , vol.58 , pp. 215-240
    • Cosi, M.1    De Bonis, A.2    Gosso, G.3    Hunziker, J.4    Martinotti, G.5    Moratto, S.6    Robert, J.P.7    Ruhlman, F.8
  • 15
    • 49649133394 scopus 로고
    • Ore lead isotope ratios in a continuously changing Earth
    • Cumming GL, Richards R (1975) Ore lead isotope ratios in a continuously changing Earth. Earth Planet Sci Lett 28: 155-171
    • (1975) Earth Planet Sci Lett , vol.28 , pp. 155-171
    • Cumming, G.L.1    Richards, R.2
  • 17
    • 0012618649 scopus 로고
    • The origin of the Kipushi (Cu. Zn. Ph) deposit in direct relation with a Proterozoic salt diapir
    • Copperbelt of Central Africa, Shaha, Republic of Zaire. In: Friedrich GH, Herzig PM (eds). Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg New York
    • De Magnée I, François A (1988) The origin of the Kipushi (Cu. Zn. Ph) deposit in direct relation with a Proterozoic salt diapir. Copperbelt of Central Africa, Shaha, Republic of Zaire. In: Friedrich GH, Herzig PM (eds) Base metal sulfide deposits in sedimentary and volcanic environments. Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 74-93
    • (1988) Base Metal Sulfide Deposits in Sedimentary and Volcanic Environments , pp. 74-93
    • De Magnée, I.1    François, A.2
  • 18
    • 0013610024 scopus 로고
    • Minéralogie du gisement de Kipushi Shaba, Zaire
    • Bartholomé P (ed). Centenaire Société Géologique Belgique. Liège
    • De Vos W, Viaene W, Moreau J, Wautier J (1974) Minéralogie du gisement de Kipushi Shaba, Zaire. In: Bartholomé P (ed) Gisements stratiformes et provinces cuprifères. Centenaire Société Géologique Belgique. Liège, pp 165-183
    • (1974) Gisements Stratiformes et Provinces Cuprifères , pp. 165-183
    • De Vos, W.1    Viaene, W.2    Moreau, J.3    Wautier, J.4
  • 19
    • 0001048577 scopus 로고
    • Sulfur isotopes of some Central African sulfide deposits
    • Dechow E, Jensen M (1965) Sulfur isotopes of some Central African sulfide deposits. Econ Geol 60: 894-941
    • (1965) Econ Geol , vol.60 , pp. 894-941
    • Dechow, E.1    Jensen, M.2
  • 20
    • 0001675454 scopus 로고
    • Source of lead in southeast Missouri galena ores
    • Doe BR, Delevaux MH (1972) Source of lead in southeast Missouri galena ores. Econ Geol 67: 409-425
    • (1972) Econ Geol , vol.67 , pp. 409-425
    • Doe, B.R.1    Delevaux, M.H.2
  • 21
    • 0001947352 scopus 로고
    • Plumbotectonics, the Phanerozoic
    • Barnes HL (ed). Wiley-Interscience, New York
    • Doe BR, Zartman RE (1979) Plumbotectonics, the Phanerozoic. In: Barnes HL (ed) Geochemistry of hydrothermal ore deposits. Wiley-Interscience, New York, pp 22-70
    • (1979) Geochemistry of Hydrothermal Ore Deposits , pp. 22-70
    • Doe, B.R.1    Zartman, R.E.2
  • 22
    • 0013612678 scopus 로고
    • Crustal-seale fluid transport and metallization in southern Africa: Fluids focussed by orogenies spanning 2.0 Ga
    • Barton MJ, Copperthwaite YE (eds). Johannesburg
    • Duane MJ, Saggerson EP (1995) Crustal-seale fluid transport and metallization in southern Africa: fluids focussed by orogenies spanning 2.0 Ga. In: Barton MJ, Copperthwaite YE (eds) Centennial Geocongress. Extended Abstracts. Geol Soc South Africa. Johannesburg, vol II, pp 709-712
    • (1995) Centennial Geocongress. Extended Abstracts. Geol Soc South Africa , vol.2 , pp. 709-712
    • Duane, M.J.1    Saggerson, E.P.2
  • 24
    • 0020128066 scopus 로고
    • Average lead isotope growth curves for shale-hosted zinc-lead deposits
    • Canadian Cordillera
    • Godwin CI, Sinclair AJ (1982) Average lead isotope growth curves for shale-hosted zinc-lead deposits. Canadian Cordillera. Econ Geol 77: 675-690
    • (1982) Econ Geol , vol.77 , pp. 675-690
    • Godwin, C.I.1    Sinclair, A.J.2
  • 25
    • 0000287649 scopus 로고
    • Lead isotopes in mineral exploration
    • Elsevier, Amsterdam. 245p
    • Gulson BL (1986) Lead isotopes in mineral exploration. Developments in Economic geology 23. Elsevier, Amsterdam. 245p
    • (1986) Developments in Economic Geology , vol.23
    • Gulson, B.L.1
  • 26
    • 0021085251 scopus 로고
    • 18O data
    • Martin H, Eder F W (eds). Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg New York
    • 18O data. In: Martin H, Eder F W (eds) Intracontinental fold belts. Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 847-872
    • (1983) Intracontinental Fold Belts , pp. 847-872
    • Haack, U.1    Hoefs, J.2    Gohn, E.3
  • 27
    • 0020974836 scopus 로고
    • Geochronology of the Damara Orogen a review
    • Martin H. Eder FW (eds). Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg New York
    • Haack U, Martin H (1983) Geochronology of the Damara Orogen a review. In: Martin H. Eder FW (eds) Intracontinental fold belts. Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 839-846
    • (1983) Intracontinental Fold Belts , pp. 839-846
    • Haack, U.1    Martin, H.2
  • 28
    • 0028565506 scopus 로고
    • Geologic evolution of the Neoproterozoic Zambezi orogenic bell in Zambia
    • Hanson RE, Wilson TJ, Munyanyiwa H (1994) Geologic evolution of the Neoproterozoic Zambezi orogenic bell in Zambia. J Afr Earth Sci 18: 135-150
    • (1994) J Afr Earth Sci , vol.18 , pp. 135-150
    • Hanson, R.E.1    Wilson, T.J.2    Munyanyiwa, H.3
  • 29
    • 0002936473 scopus 로고
    • Multiple detachment model for the early rifting stage of the Late Proterozoic Damara orogen in Namibia
    • Henry G, Clendenin CW, Stanistreet IG, Maiden KJ (1990) Multiple detachment model for the early rifting stage of the Late Proterozoic Damara orogen in Namibia. Geology 18: 67-71
    • (1990) Geology , vol.18 , pp. 67-71
    • Henry, G.1    Clendenin, C.W.2    Stanistreet, I.G.3    Maiden, K.J.4
  • 30
    • 0001113401 scopus 로고
    • Isotopic study of galenas from the Upper Mississippi Valley, the Illinois-Kentucky, and some Appalachian Valley mineral districts
    • Heyl AV, Delevaux MH, Zartman RE, Brock MR (1966) Isotopic study of galenas from the Upper Mississippi Valley, the Illinois-Kentucky, and some Appalachian Valley mineral districts. Econ Geol 61: 933-961
    • (1966) Econ Geol , vol.61 , pp. 933-961
    • Heyl, A.V.1    Delevaux, M.H.2    Zartman, R.E.3    Brock, M.R.4
  • 31
    • 0001735845 scopus 로고
    • Lead isotopic studies of some Late Proterozoic stratabound ores of Central Africa
    • Hughes MJ, Welke HJ, Allsopp HL (1984) Lead isotopic studies of some Late Proterozoic stratabound ores of Central Africa. Precamb Res 25: 137-139
    • (1984) Precamb Res , vol.25 , pp. 137-139
    • Hughes, M.J.1    Welke, H.J.2    Allsopp, H.L.3
  • 32
    • 0013644231 scopus 로고
    • Orebodies of the Kombat mines
    • South West Africa Namibia. In: Anhaeusser CR, Maske S (eds). Johannesburg
    • Innes J, Chaplin RC (1986) Orebodies of the Kombat mines, South West Africa Namibia. In: Anhaeusser CR, Maske S (eds) Mineral deposits of Southern Africa. Geol Soc South Africa, Johannesburg, vol 2, pp 1789-1805
    • (1986) Mineral Deposits of Southern Africa. Geol Soc South Africa , vol.2 , pp. 1789-1805
    • Innes, J.1    Chaplin, R.C.2
  • 33
    • 0016408398 scopus 로고
    • Géologie et géochemie du gisement de Kipushi Zaire
    • Bartholomé P (ed). Centenaire Société Géologique Belgique, Liège
    • Intiomale M, Oosterbosch R (1974) Géologie et Géochemie du gisement de Kipushi Zaire. In. Bartholomé P (ed) Gisements stratiformes et provinces cuprifères. Centenaire Société Géologique Belgique, Liège, pp 123-164
    • (1974) Gisements Stratiformes et Provinces Cuprifères , pp. 123-164
    • Intiomale, M.1    Oosterbosch, R.2
  • 34
    • 0013628146 scopus 로고
    • Central Zambia. PhD Dissertation, Technical University of Aachen, Aachen, Germany, 207p
    • Kamona AF (1993) The carbonate-hosted Kabwe Ph-Zn deposit. Central Zambia. PhD Dissertation, Technical University of Aachen, Aachen, Germany, 207p
    • (1993) The Carbonate-hosted Kabwe Ph-Zn Deposit
    • Kamona, A.F.1
  • 35
    • 0013601363 scopus 로고
    • Die Blei-Zink lagerstätte Kabwe in Zentral Sambia
    • Kamona AF, Friedrich G (1994) Die Blei-Zink Lagerstätte Kabwe in Zentral Sambia. Erzmetall 47: 34-44
    • (1994) Erzmetall , vol.47 , pp. 34-44
    • Kamona, A.F.1    Friedrich, G.2
  • 37
    • 0001463679 scopus 로고
    • Geochemistry and geotectonic selling of Late Proterozoic Katangan basic rocks from Kibambale in central Shaba (Zaire)
    • Kampunzu AB, Kanika M, Kapenda D, Tshimanga K (1993) Geochemistry and geotectonic selling of Late Proterozoic Katangan basic rocks from Kibambale in central Shaba (Zaire). Geol Runds. 82: 619-630
    • (1993) Geol Runds. , vol.82 , pp. 619-630
    • Kampunzu, A.B.1    Kanika, M.2    Kapenda, D.3    Tshimanga, K.4
  • 38
    • 0025955059 scopus 로고
    • Basic magmatism and geotectonic evolution of Pan-African belts in Africa: Evidence from the Katangan and West Congolian senments
    • Kampunzu AB, Kapenda D, Manteka B (1991) Basic magmatism and geotectonic evolution of Pan-African belts in Africa: evidence from the Katangan and West Congolian senments. Tectonophysics 190: 363-371
    • (1991) Tectonophysics , vol.190 , pp. 363-371
    • Kampunzu, A.B.1    Kapenda, D.2    Manteka, B.3
  • 39
    • 0028607728 scopus 로고
    • Lead isotope geochemistry of Mississippi Valley-type mineralization in the Central Appalachians
    • Kesler SE, Appold MS, Cumming GL, Krstic D (1994) Lead isotope geochemistry of Mississippi Valley-type mineralization in the Central Appalachians. Econ Geol 89: 1492-1500
    • (1994) Econ Geol , vol.89 , pp. 1492-1500
    • Kesler, S.E.1    Appold, M.S.2    Cumming, G.L.3    Krstic, D.4
  • 40
    • 0013610025 scopus 로고
    • The geology of the Zambian Broken Hill mine
    • Kabwe
    • Kortman CR (1972) The geology of the Zambian Broken Hill mine. Kabwe. Geol Mijnbouw 51: 347-356
    • (1972) Geol Mijnbouw , vol.51 , pp. 347-356
    • Kortman, C.R.1
  • 41
    • 84879886770 scopus 로고
    • Record of the Damaran Khomas Hochland accretionary prism in central Namibia: Refutation of an "ensialic" origin of a Late Proterozoic orotrenic belt
    • Kukla PA, Stanistreet IG (1991) Record of the Damaran Khomas Hochland accretionary prism in central Namibia: refutation of an "ensialic" origin of a Late Proterozoic orotrenic belt. Geology 19: 473-476
    • (1991) Geology , vol.19 , pp. 473-476
    • Kukla, P.A.1    Stanistreet, I.G.2
  • 42
    • 0020330408 scopus 로고
    • Rb-Sr geochronology and tectonic evolution of the Pan-African Damara Belt of Namibia, southwestern Africa
    • Kröner A (1982) Rb-Sr geochronology and tectonic evolution of the Pan-African Damara Belt of Namibia, southwestern Africa. Am J Sci 282: 1471-1507
    • (1982) Am J Sci , vol.282 , pp. 1471-1507
    • Kröner, A.1
  • 44
    • 49449120101 scopus 로고
    • The intracratonic branch of the Damara Orogen in South West Africa. I. Discussion of geodynamic models
    • Martin H, Porada H (1977) The intracratonic branch of the Damara Orogen in South West Africa. I. Discussion of geodynamic models. Precamb Res 5: 311-338
    • (1977) Precamb Res , vol.5 , pp. 311-338
    • Martin, H.1    Porada, H.2
  • 45
    • 0019477943 scopus 로고
    • The occurrence of uranium in the Katanga System of northwestern Zambia
    • Meneghel L (1981) The occurrence of uranium in the Katanga System of northwestern Zambia. Econ Geol 76: 56-68
    • (1981) Econ Geol , vol.76 , pp. 56-68
    • Meneghel, L.1
  • 46
    • 0001568534 scopus 로고
    • The Damara-Ribeira orogen of the Pan-African-Brasiliano cycle in Namibia (Southwest Africa) and Brazil as interpreted in terms of continental collision
    • Porada H (1979) The Damara-Ribeira orogen of the Pan-African-Brasiliano cycle in Namibia (Southwest Africa) and Brazil as interpreted in terms of continental collision. Tectonophysics 75: 237-265
    • (1979) Tectonophysics , vol.75 , pp. 237-265
    • Porada, H.1
  • 47
    • 0020969066 scopus 로고
    • Geodynamic model for the geosynclinal development of the Damara Orogen, Namibia, South West Africa
    • Martin H. Eder FW (eds). Springer-Verlag. Berlin Heidelberg New York
    • Porada H (1983) Geodynamic model for the geosynclinal development of the Damara Orogen, Namibia, South West Africa. In: Martin H. Eder FW (eds) Intracontinental fold belts. Springer-Verlag. Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 503-541
    • (1983) Intracontinental Fold Belts , pp. 503-541
    • Porada, H.1
  • 48
    • 0022195584 scopus 로고
    • Stratigraphy and facies in the Upper Proterozoic. Damara Orogen, Namibia, based on a geodynamic model
    • Porada H(1985) Stratigraphy and facies in the Upper Proterozoic. Damara Orogen, Namibia, based on a geodynamic model. Precamb Res 29: 235-264
    • (1985) Precamb Res , vol.29 , pp. 235-264
    • Porada, H.1
  • 49
    • 0024911961 scopus 로고
    • Pan-African rifting and orogenesis in southern to equatorial Africa and eastern Brazil
    • Porada H (1989) Pan-African rifting and orogenesis in southern to equatorial Africa and eastern Brazil. Precamb Res 44: 103-136
    • (1989) Precamb Res , vol.44 , pp. 103-136
    • Porada, H.1
  • 50
    • 0017973973 scopus 로고
    • Tectonic controls on Proterozoic stratiform mineralization
    • Raybould JG (1978) Tectonic controls on Proterozoic stratiform mineralization. Trans Inst Min Met 87: B79-B86
    • (1978) Trans Inst Min Met , vol.87
    • Raybould, J.G.1
  • 51
    • 0024251799 scopus 로고
    • Pb isotope constraints on the age of sulfide ore deposition and U-Pb age of late uraninite veining at the Musoshi stratiform copper deposit
    • Central African Copper Belt, Zaire
    • Richards JP, Cumming GL, Krstic D, Wagner PA, Spooner ETC (1988a) Pb isotope constraints on the age of sulfide ore deposition and U-Pb age of late uraninite veining at the Musoshi stratiform copper deposit. Central African Copper Belt, Zaire. Econ Geol 84: 724-741
    • (1988) Econ Geol , vol.84 , pp. 724-741
    • Richards, J.P.1    Cumming, G.L.2    Krstic, D.3    Wagner, P.A.4    Spooner, E.T.C.5
  • 52
    • 0023732430 scopus 로고
    • Fluid inclusion characteristics and U-Pb rutile age of late hydrothermal alteration and veining at the Musoshi stratiform copper deposit
    • Central African Copperbelt, Zaire
    • Richards JP, Krogh TE, Spooner ETC (1988b) Fluid inclusion characteristics and U-Pb rutile age of late hydrothermal alteration and veining at the Musoshi stratiform copper deposit. Central African Copperbelt, Zaire. Econ Geol 83: 118-139
    • (1988) Econ Geol , vol.83 , pp. 118-139
    • Richards, J.P.1    Krogh, T.E.2    Spooner, E.T.C.3
  • 53
    • 0013625978 scopus 로고
    • Widespread continental rifting: Some considerations of timing and mechanism
    • Sawkins FJ (1976) Widespread continental rifting: some considerations of timing and mechanism. Geology 4: 427-430
    • (1976) Geology , vol.4 , pp. 427-430
    • Sawkins, F.J.1
  • 54
    • 0013579775 scopus 로고
    • The Tsumeh Mine
    • MINSA Excursion. SWA Namibia. Mineralogical Association of South Africa
    • Schneider GIC (1989) The Tsumeh Mine. Excursion Guidebook. MINSA Excursion. SWA Namibia. Mineralogical Association of South Africa, pp 60-93
    • (1989) Excursion Guidebook , pp. 60-93
    • Schneider, G.I.C.1
  • 55
    • 0013601152 scopus 로고
    • Bergbauliches Länderprofil Namibia
    • Schneider GIC (1991) Bergbauliches Länderprofil Namibia. Erzmetall 44: 12-22
    • (1991) Erzmetall , vol.44 , pp. 12-22
    • Schneider, G.I.C.1
  • 56
    • 0001037310 scopus 로고
    • Correlation of structures across Precambrian orogenic belts in Africa
    • Tarling DH, Runcorn SK (eds). Academic Press, London
    • Shackleton RM (1973) Correlation of structures across Precambrian orogenic belts in Africa. In: Tarling DH, Runcorn SK (eds) Implications of continental drift to the Earth sciences. Academic Press, London, vol 2, pp 1091-1095
    • (1973) Implications of Continental Drift to the Earth Sciences , vol.2 , pp. 1091-1095
    • Shackleton, R.M.1
  • 58
    • 49549142956 scopus 로고
    • Approximation of terrestrial lead isotope evolution by a two-stage model
    • Stacey JS, Kramers JD (1975) Approximation of terrestrial lead isotope evolution by a two-stage model. Earth Planet Sci Lett 26: 207-221
    • (1975) Earth Planet Sci Lett , vol.26 , pp. 207-221
    • Stacey, J.S.1    Kramers, J.D.2
  • 59
    • 0000108244 scopus 로고
    • Carbonate petrography and the origin of Neoproterozoic Tsumeb-type Cu-Ph-Zn mineralization in the Otavi Mountain land
    • Namibia. In: Barton MJ, Copperthwaite YE (eds). Johannesburg
    • Theron SJ, Beukes NJ (1995) Carbonate petrography and the origin of Neoproterozoic Tsumeb-type Cu-Ph-Zn mineralization in the Otavi Mountain land. Namibia. In: Barton MJ, Copperthwaite YE (eds) Centennial Geocongress. Extended Abstracts. Geol Soc South Africa. Johannesburg, vol I. pp 115-117
    • (1995) Centennial Geocongress. Extended Abstracts. Geol Soc South Africa , vol.1 , pp. 115-117
    • Theron, S.J.1    Beukes, N.J.2
  • 61
    • 0024197930 scopus 로고
    • Mineralization controls and sources of metals in the Lufilian fold belt, Shaba (Zaire), Zambia, and Angola
    • Unrug R (1988) Mineralization controls and sources of metals in the Lufilian fold belt, Shaba (Zaire), Zambia, and Angola. Econ Geol 83: 1247-1258
    • (1988) Econ Geol , vol.83 , pp. 1247-1258
    • Unrug, R.1
  • 62
    • 0030305853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The assembly of Gondwanaland. Scientific results of IGCP Project 288: Gondwanaland sutures and fold belts
    • Unrug R (1996) The assembly of Gondwanaland. Scientific results of IGCP Project 288: Gondwanaland sutures and fold belts. Episodes 19: 11-20
    • (1996) Episodes , vol.19 , pp. 11-20
    • Unrug, R.1
  • 63
    • 0022443089 scopus 로고
    • Carbonate-hosted base metal deposits: Lead isotope data bearing on their genesis and exploration
    • Vaasjoki M, Gulson BL (1986) Carbonate-hosted base metal deposits: lead isotope data bearing on their genesis and exploration. Econ Geol 81: 156-172
    • (1986) Econ Geol , vol.81 , pp. 156-172
    • Vaasjoki, M.1    Gulson, B.L.2
  • 64
    • 0028554821 scopus 로고
    • Pb-isotopic constraints on base-metal mineralisation at Kipushi (Southeastern Zaire)
    • Walraven F, Chabu M (1994) Pb-isotopic constraints on base-metal mineralisation at Kipushi (Southeastern Zaire). J Afr Earth Sci IX: 73-82
    • (1994) J Afr Earth Sci , vol.9 , pp. 73-82
    • Walraven, F.1    Chabu, M.2
  • 65
    • 0027388516 scopus 로고
    • Late Proterozoic evolution of the Zambezi belt. Zambia: Implications for regional Pan-African tectonics and shear displacements in Gondwana
    • Findlay RH, Unrug R, Banks MR, Veevers JJ (eds). Balkema, Rotterdam
    • Wilson TJ, Hanson RE, Wardlau MS (1993) Late Proterozoic evolution of the Zambezi belt. Zambia: implications for regional Pan-African tectonics and shear displacements in Gondwana. In: Findlay RH, Unrug R, Banks MR, Veevers JJ (eds) Gondwana Eight: Assembly, evolution and dispersal. Balkema, Rotterdam, 69-82
    • (1993) Gondwana Eight: Assembly, Evolution and Dispersal , pp. 69-82
    • Wilson, T.J.1    Hanson, R.E.2    Wardlau, M.S.3
  • 66


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.