Neuropsychiatric aspects of pediatric thyrotoxicosis

Indian Journal of Pediatrics

Volumn 66, Issue 2, 1999, Pages 277-284

  Bhatara, Vinod S ^a   Sankar, R ^a  

^a INSTITUTE OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND ALLIED SCIENCES   (India)

Author keywords

Dysphoria; Neuropsychiatric changes; Thyrotoxicosis

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER; BEHAVIOR DISORDER; CHILD; FEMALE; GOITER; HUMAN; MENTAL DISEASE; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; REVIEW; THYROTOXICOSIS;

ADOLESCENT; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER WITH HYPERACTIVITY; CHILD; CHILD BEHAVIOR DISORDERS; FEMALE; GOITER; HUMANS; MENTAL DISORDERS; THYROTOXICOSIS;

EID: 0033085644     PISSN: 00195456     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/BF02761219     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Graves RJ. Newly observed affection of the thyroid gland in the females. London Med Surg J 1835; 7 : 516-525.
2. Parry CH. Collections from the unpublished writings of the late CH Parry. Vol. 2. London; Underwoods, 1825.
3. Saxena KM, Crawford JD, Talbot NB. childhood thyrotoxicosis : A long-term perspective. Br Med J 1964; 2 : 1153-1158.
4. Barnes H, Blizzard RM. Antithyroid drug therapy for toxic diffuse goiter (Grave's disease) : thirty year experience in children and adolescents. J Pediatr 1977; 91 : 313-320.
5. Bhatara V, McMillan MJ, Kummer M. Fire setting and aggressive behaviour in a four year old boy associated with ingestion of ground beef contaminated with bovine thyroid tissue : A case report and review of neuropsychiatric findings in pediatric thyrotoxicosis. J Child Adoles Psychopharmacol 1995; 5 : 255-271.
6. Bhatara V, McMillan MJ. Behavioural and cognitve abnormalities associated with pediatric throtoxicosis. In : Hauser P, Rovet J. (eds). Thyroid Disease of Infancy and Childhood : Effects on Behavioural and Intellectual Development. Washington DC: American Psychiatric Press (in press).
7. Bhatara V, McMilan MJ, Terv R, Bandettini F. Learning disorders and the thyroid. J Am Child Adolesce Psychia (letter) 1996, 35 : 406.
8. Vanderpump MPJ, Turnbridge WMG. The epidemiology of thyroid disease. In : Braverman L and Utiger R, (eds). Werner and Ingbar's The Thyroid : A Fundamental and Clinical Text. Seventh Edition. Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia, 1996; pp 474-482.
9. Stern RA, Prange AJ. Neuropsychiatric aspects of endocrine disorders. In : Kaplan H, Saddock B. (eds). Comprehensive Text Book of Psychiatry VI, Vol 1. 6th edition. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, 1995; pp. 241-245.
10. Stern RA, Robinson B, Thorner AR, Arruda JE, Prohaska ML, Prange AJ. A survey study of neuropsychiatric complaints in patients with Graves' disease. J Neuropsychiatr Clin Neurosci 1996; 8 : 181-185.
11. Reus V. Psychiatric aspects of thyroid disease. In : Joffe RT and Levitt AJ. (eds) Thyroid Axis and Psychiatric Illness. American Psychiatric Press, Washington DC, 1993; pp 171-195.
12. Whybrow PC. Behavioural and psychiatric aspects of thyrotoxicosis. In : Braverman L and Utiger R (eds.) Werner and Ingbar's The Thyroid : A Fundamental and Clinical Text, Seventh Edition : Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia, 1996; pp. 696-700.
13. Money J, Drash P. Juvenile thyrotoxicosis : symptoms and antecedents leading to referral and diagnosis. J ? Special Ed 1967; 2 : 83-91.
14. Money J, Weinberg R, Lewis V. Intelligence quotient and school performance in twenty two children with a history of thyrotoxicosis. Bull John Hopkins Hosp 1996; 118 : 275-281.
15. Vaidya VA, Bongiovanni A, Parks J, Tenore A, Kirkland R. Twenty two years experience in the medical management of juvenile thyrotoxicosis. Pediatrics 1974; 54 : 565-570.
16. Kogut M, Kaplan S, Colipp P. Tiamsic T, Boyle D. Treatment of hyperthyroidism in children : analysis of forty five cases. N Engl J Med 1965; 272 : 217-221.
17. Menon PSN and Singh GR. Hyperthyroidism in children : An Indian experience. J Pediatr Endocrino Metab 1996; 9 : 441-446.
18. Aiello DP, DuPlessis AJ, Pattishall EG III, et al. Thyroid storm presenting with coma and seizures. Clin Pediatr 1989; 28 : 571-573.
19. Daneman D, Howard NJ. Neonatal thyrotoxicosis : intellectual impairment and craniosynostosis in later years. J Pediatr 1980; 97 : 257-259.
20. Hollingsworth DR, Mabry CC. Congenital Graves' disease. Am J Child 1976; 130 : 148-151.
21. Wilroy R, Etteldorf J. Familial hyperthyroidism including two siblings with neonatal Graves' disease. J Pediatr 1971; 78 : 625-632.
22. Caudill T, Lardinois C. Severe thyrotoxicosis presenting as acute psychosis. Wset J Med 1991; 155 : 292-293.
23. Beyer j, Burke M, Meglin D, Fuller A, Krshnan RR, Nemeroff CB. Organic anxiety disorder : Iatrogenic hyperthyroidism. Psychosomatics 1993; 34 : 181-184.
24. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 4th edition, APA Press, Washington. DC, 1994.
25. Alvarez MA, Gomez A, Alvez E, Navarro D. Attention disturbance in Graves' disease. Psychoneuroendocrinology 1983; 8 : 451-454.
26. Alvarez MA, Guell R, Chong D, Rovet J. Attentional processing in hyperthyroid children before and after treatment. Pediatr Endocrinal Metab 1996; 9 : 1-8.
27. Spencer T, Beiderman J, Wilens T, Guite J, Harding M. ADHD and thyroid abnormalities : a research note. J Child Psychol Psychiat 1995; 36 : 879-885.
28. Weiss RE, Stein MA, Trommer B, Refetoff S. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and thyroid function. J Pediatr 1993; 123 : 539-545.
29. Weller E, Weller R, Svadjian H. Mood disorders. In : Lewis M, (ed). Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. A Comprehensive Textbook. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, 1996; pp 650-665.
30. Anand KJS, Nemeroff CB. Developmental Psychoneuroendocrinology. In : Lewis M, (ed). Chid and Adolescent Psychiatry : A Comprehensive Textbook. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, 1996; pp 64-86.
31. Bernal J, Nunez J. Thyroid hormones and brain development. Eur J Endocrinol 1995; 133 : 390-398.
32. Dassault JH, Ruel J. Thyroid hormones and brain development. Ann Rev Physiol 1987; 49 : 321-334.
33. Delong GR. The neuromuscular system and brain in thyrotoxicosis. In : Braverman L and Utiger R. (eds). Werner and Ingbar's The Thyroid : A Fundamental and Clinical Text. Seventh Edition. Lippincott-Raven : Philadelphia, 1996; pp 645-652.
34. Poterfield SP. Vulnerability of the developing brain to thyroid abnormalities : environmental insults to the thyroid. Environ Health Perspect 1994; 102 (supp 2) : 125-130.
35. Dratman MB. Cerebral versus peripheral regulation and utilization of thyroid hormones. In : Joffe R and Levitt A. (eds). Thyroid Axis and Psychiatric Illinois. APA Press, Washington DC, 1993; pp. 1-94.
36. Patel A, Lewis P, Bailey P. Effects of thyroxine on postnatal cell acquisition in the rat brain. Brain Res 1979; 35 : 57-72.
37. Pavlides C, Westlind-Danielsson A, Nyborg H et al. Neonatal hyperthyriodism disrupts hippocampal LTP and spatial learning. Exp Brain Res 1991; 85 : 559-564.
38. Lauder JM. The effects of early hypo and hyperthyroidism on the development of rat cerebral cortex : kinetics of cell proliferation in the external granular layer. Brain Res 1977; 126 : 31-51.
39. Leo RJ, Khin NA, Cohen GN. ADHD and thyroid dysfunction. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1996; 35 : 1572-1573 (letter).
40. Bhatara V, Kummer M, McMillian MJ, Bandettinen F. Screening for thyroid diseases in ADHD. ADHD Reports 1994; 2 (4) : 7-9.
41. Eberle A. Hyperactivity and Graves' disease. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1995; 34 : 973 (letter).
42. Bhatara V, Kummer M, McMillan MJ, Bandettinin F. ADHD and the thyroid. J am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1994; 33 : 1057 (letter).